Vulnerabilities

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: harmony: initialize locks before requesting IRQ snd_harmony_create() registers the IRQ before initializing h->lock and h->mixer_lock. A pending interrupt can invoke the handler while these locks are uninitialized. Initialize both locks before requesting the IRQ so the handler always sees valid lock state.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ALSA: pcm: Fix race between non-atomic ops and trigger-start We protect the races of the concurrent state transitions between atomic PCM ops, but the checks between the non-atomic ops (hw_params, hw_free and prepare) and the atomic ops aren't perfect; there is a check of the conflicting PCM state at the beginning of hw_params & co, but the atomic PCM ops can be still issued during the non-atomic PCM operations. An example such scenario is that a thread A re-issues the PREPARE or HW_PARAMS for the already prepared stream, while another thread B triggers the PCM start in the middle of the prepare operation. Although this usually doesn't lead to much serious issues, it can give some inconsistency as reported by syzkaller (such as ODEBUG warning). There are various atomic PCM ops, and basically the only problem is the PCM start as it operates from the PREPARED state. Other trigger commands (stop, etc) are for the running or the other special state, hence they are filtered as pre-condition. This patch is for preventing the PCM trigger-start during the non- atomic operations in order to address the problems above. Fortunately, the hw_params, hw_free and prepare operations call snd_pcm_buffer_access_lock(), and this can be used for checking the concurrent operations at the PCM trigger -- which sets the runtime->buffer_accessing to a negative (if possible), so the PCM trigger just needs to check the runtime->buffer_accessing value; if it's negative, it means the concurrent non-atomic PCM ops is running.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/amdxdna: return early from a zero-length flush SYNC_BO does not constrain its size, so a request for zero bytes reaches drm_clflush_virt_range(), which ends with an unconditional clflushopt(end - 1). For an empty range that is the byte before the mapping, and abo->mem.kva comes from vmap(), so the access lands in the guard page below the vmalloc area and faults: BUG: unable to handle page fault for address: ffffd16fbbc70fff #PF: supervisor read access in kernel mode Oops: Oops: 0000 [#1] SMP NOPTI CPU: 7 UID: 1000 Comm: sync_bo_probe RIP: 0010:drm_clflush_virt_range+0x3c/0x70 Call Trace: amdxdna_drm_sync_bo_ioctl+0x124/0x430 [amdxdna] drm_ioctl+0x301/0x4c0 __x64_sys_ioctl+0x115/0x2f0 do_syscall_64+0xa6/0x3d0 Any process that can open the render node can do this. Reproduced 3 of 3 times on a Strix Point NPU (1022:17f0), by calling SYNC_BO with size 0 on an AMDXDNA_BO_SHARE object. The import arm takes the same request but flushes the whole scatterlist, so it survives it. Nothing needs flushing for an empty range, so answer before choosing a path.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/ethosu: check MMIO mapping errors in probe devm_platform_ioremap_resource() returns an error pointer when the register resource cannot be mapped. ethosu_probe() stores it and continues until initialization dereferences it through MMIO accessors. Return the mapping error before initializing the device.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: accel/ethosu: fix job completion fence cleanup ethosu_ioctl_submit_job() allocates done_fence before validating buffer handles. Errors after allocation call ethosu_job_err_cleanup(), which frees the job but leaks the uninitialized fence. A scheduler dependency error also lets ethosu_job_run() return before dma_fence_init(). Normal cleanup then passes a zeroed refcount to dma_fence_put(). Release done_fence in the common cleanup path and use dma_fence_was_initialized() to distinguish initialized fences from raw allocations. [robh: also fix goto]

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-fabrics: fix DHCHAP secret leak on parse failure nvmf_parse_options() duplicates dhchap_secret and dhchap_ctrl_secret with match_strdup() before validating the DHHC-1: representation. If validation fails, the parser returns -EINVAL before the temporary string in p is assigned to opts->dhchap_secret or opts->dhchap_ctrl_secret. nvmf_create_ctrl() subsequently frees opts, but nvmf_free_options() cannot release the unassigned temporary string. Each rejected option therefore leaks one allocation. This is easy to miss because valid secrets transfer ownership to opts and are freed normally, while the malformed-secret path still returns the expected -EINVAL to userspace. With CONFIG_NVME_HOST_AUTH enabled, the leak is reachable before the required-option checks and transport lookup. No NVMe-oF target or working transport connection is required; for example, repeatedly writing dhchap_secret=BAD or dhchap_ctrl_secret=BAD to /dev/nvme-fabrics deterministically takes the leaking parse path. Free the temporary string before leaving both validation error paths. Use kfree_sensitive() because the copied option may contain secret material even when its representation is rejected, matching the sensitive cleanup used for stored DHCHAP secrets.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-fc: fix double free of fabrics options when nvme_add_ctrl() fails nvmf_create_ctrl() owns the fabrics options and frees them whenever ->create_ctrl() returns an error, so a transport must not free them on its own error paths. nvme-fc tracks this by testing ctrl->ctrl.opts in nvme_fc_ctrl_free(), which requires nvme_fc_init_ctrl() to clear that pointer on every error exit. The coupling is implicit, and commit 1a9e218195a5 ("nvme: split device add from initialization") broke it by adding a second error exit. When nvme_add_ctrl() fails, nvme_fc_init_ctrl() jumps to out_put_ctrl:, past the "ctrl->ctrl.opts = NULL" that only sits on the fail_ctrl: path, so nvme_fc_ctrl_free() frees the options and nvmf_create_ctrl() frees them a second time: BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in nvmf_free_options+0x30/0x190 nvmf_free_options+0x30/0x190 drivers/nvme/host/fabrics.c:1284 nvmf_create_ctrl drivers/nvme/host/fabrics.c:1374 [inline] Freed by task 5534: nvme_fc_ctrl_free drivers/nvme/host/fc.c:2374 [inline] nvme_fc_init_ctrl+0xe17/0x1450 drivers/nvme/host/fc.c:3605 nvme_add_ctrl() fails when dev_set_name() cannot allocate, so this is reachable under memory pressure or fault injection. Without KASAN the options are freed twice. Rather than clear the pointer on the second exit as well, derive ownership the way nvme-tcp, nvme-rdma and nvme-loop do, from list membership: their free_ctrl leaves the options alone unless the controller made it onto the transport list. The list cannot simply be populated on the success path as it is there. nvme-fc runs the initial connect synchronously via flush_delayed_work(), and the controller has to be reachable on rport->ctrl_list for the whole of it: nvme_fc_unregister_remoteport() needs to find it to signal connectivity loss, nvme_fc_match_disconn_ls() matches an incoming Disconnect Association LS against ctrl->association_id, which is only assigned during that window, nvme_fc_resume_controller() needs it on remoteport re-registration, and nvme_fc_existing_controller() uses it to reject a duplicate connect racing the one in flight. Keep the insertion where it is and add a fail_unlist: label, falling into fail_ctrl:, for the error paths that run after it. The earlier error paths never reach the insertion and keep using fail_ctrl: directly, so the list is only touched where the controller is actually on it. nvme_fc_ctrl_free() cannot use the plain "goto free_ctrl" the other transports use, because it still has to put_device(), release the rport reference and free the ida entry for resources taken before the insertion. Sample list_empty() under rport->lock instead. ctrl->ctrl.opts also stays valid for the whole teardown now. That is not the bug being fixed, but it removes some fragility around the old idiom: nvme_free_ctrl() calls nvme_auth_free() before ->free_ctrl(), and ctrl_max_dhchaps() dereferences ctrl->opts without a NULL check when ctrl->dhchap_ctxs is set, which nvme-fc permits since NVMF_ALLOWED_OPTS allows the dhchap options. The nvme sysfs attributes that dereference ctrl->opts, such as hostnqn and address, evaluate their is_visible() test once at device_add() time and stay readable until cdev_device_del().

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme-tcp: check the data direction of a C2HData PDU nvme_tcp_handle_c2h_data() finds the request by command id and checks that it has a payload, but it does not check that the command asked for data to be read. A controller that answers a write command with C2HData therefore reaches nvme_tcp_recv_data(), where _copy_to_iter() hits WARN_ON_ONCE(i->data_source) and returns 0. The receive path turns that into -EFAULT and resets the controller. No data is copied, so this is not memory corruption. What a controller gets is a kernel warning it can raise at will, which is fatal on a host booted with panic_on_warn. The send path already knows the direction - it consults rq_data_dir() when it builds a command - and nvme_tcp_handle_r2t() checks the length and the offset of the request it names. The C2HData path does not check the direction at all. Reject a C2HData PDU whose command is not a read. Rejecting it fails the command and resets the controller, as the neighbouring check in this function does; what goes away is the warning. [ 6.885580] ------------[ cut here ]------------ [ 6.886457] WARNING: lib/iov_iter.c:193 at _copy_to_iter+0x289/0x1330, CPU#0: kworker/0:1H/71 [ 6.888137] CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 71 Comm: kworker/0:1H Not tainted 7.2.0-rc5-NVMETCP-gf5098b6bae76 #1 PREEMPT(lazy) [ 6.891165] Workqueue: nvme_tcp_wq nvme_tcp_io_work [ 6.891875] RIP: 0010:_copy_to_iter+0x289/0x1330 [ 6.903739] Call Trace: [ 6.904085] [ 6.909254] __skb_datagram_iter+0x433/0x820 [ 6.911026] skb_copy_datagram_iter+0x37/0x120 [ 6.911622] nvme_tcp_recv_skb+0xa07/0x4320 [ 6.913378] __tcp_read_sock+0x1ab/0x810 [ 6.915788] nvme_tcp_try_recv+0x152/0x1e0 [ 6.918222] nvme_tcp_io_work+0x1e4/0x6c0 [ 6.926906] [ 6.927226] ---[ end trace 0000000000000000 ]--- [ 6.927878] nvme nvme0: queue 1 failed to copy request 0x71 data [ 6.928709] nvme nvme0: receive failed: -14

The Linux kernel NVMe driver frees the namespace structure in the nvme_alloc_ns() error path (out_unlink_ns) after removing it from the head's siblings list with list_del_rcu(), but without first waiting for SRCU readers to finish. Because the NVMe multipath code iterates head->list under srcu_read_lock() in nvme_find_path() and nvme_mpath_revalidate_paths(), a concurrent path lookup can still hold a pointer to the namespace when kfree(ns) runs, producing a use-after-free. The flaw is triggered when a namespace allocation or unlink error occurs while multipath readers are concurrently scanning paths, i.e., on systems using NVMe multipath such as dual-path local NVMe or NVMe-over-Fabrics. A successful race could yield kernel memory corruption leading to denial of service, and potentially privilege escalation in a best-case exploit. No public proof-of-concept, KEV listing, or in-the-wild exploitation is known, and triggering depends on local error conditions, so practical remote exploitation is unlikely despite the network-attack-vector CVSS score.

Do: Update affected systems to a kernel that includes the upstream fix commit 'nvme: add missing SRCU grace period in error path' as soon as your distribution ships it, prioritizing hosts that use NVMe multipath (dual-controller NVMe SSDs, NVMe-oF with multiple paths). Check dmesg/journal for recurring NVMe namespace scan or unlink errors, which indicate the vulnerable error path can be reached. Given exploitation requires a local race with a namespace allocation failure, treat this as a stability and hardening fix rather than an urgent remote-threat patch.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvme: skip the zoned limits update if the zone info query failed nvme_query_zone_info() returns either a negative errno or a positive NVMe status code, but nvme_update_ns_info_block() only tests for the negative case: ret = nvme_query_zone_info(ns, lbaf, &zi); if (ret head->zsze set to zero. blk_validate_zoned_limits() does not check chunk_sectors, so the limits commit succeeds. blk_revalidate_disk_zones() does reject the zero zone size, but by then the limits are live and nothing rolls them back, so I/O keeps being submitted to a zoned queue with a zero zone size and disk_zone_no() shifts by ilog2(0): nvme0n1: Invalid non power of two zone size (0) UBSAN: shift-out-of-bounds in include/linux/blkdev.h:747:16 shift exponent -1 is negative disk_zone_no include/linux/blkdev.h:747 [inline] bio_straddles_zones include/linux/blkdev.h:1058 [inline] blk_zone_wplug_handle_write block/blk-zoned.c:1423 [inline] blk_zone_plug_bio.cold+0x25/0x1c8 block/blk-zoned.c:1605 blk_mq_submit_bio+0x18fb/0x2870 block/blk-mq.c:3196 submit_bh_wbc+0x575/0x740 fs/buffer.c:2824 __block_write_full_folio+0x728/0xdd0 fs/buffer.c:1933 Any device, firmware or NVMe-oF target that fails this one command reaches this. Skip the zoned limits update in that case, and log which of the two things happened: during a revalidation the queue keeps the zone geometry it was last validated with, and on a first scan the namespace is registered without zoned limits, so that it is still available as a handle for admin commands. Neither of the paths in nvme_query_zone_info() that return a positive status logs anything, so the failure would otherwise be silent. zi.zone_size is an exact indicator: every path that returns a positive status returns before it is assigned, and after that the only failure left is -ENODEV, which the caller already handles. Found by FuzzNvme.

The Linux kernel's NVMe over Fabrics target authentication code (nvmet-auth) contains a use-after-free race: nvmet_auth_sq_free() cancels the authentication expiration delayed work with cancel_delayed_work(), which does not wait if the callback has already started executing. If an attacker triggers authentication expiration timing that overlaps with queue teardown, the transport layer can free or reuse the queue containing struct nvmet_sq while nvmet_auth_expired_work() is still accessing it, corrupting target-side kernel memory. A remote NVMe host that can reach the target and negotiate in-band authentication (e.g., by disconnecting at the right moment during the auth timeout window) could potentially crash the target or, per the assigned CVSS 9.8 rating, achieve high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact through memory corruption. Only systems running the Linux kernel as an NVMe-oF target (nvmet subsystem) with in-band authentication support and authentication configured are affected. No public proof-of-concept, CISA KEV listing, or confirmed in-the-wild exploitation is known.

Do: Update the kernel to a release containing the nvmet-auth synchronous teardown fix (check your distribution's security advisory for the backport of CVE-2026-89970). Until patched, disable in-band authentication (DH-HMAC-CHAP) on nvmet targets or restrict NVMe/TCP traffic (port 4420) to trusted storage networks with host and network ACLs. Verify whether your hosts run the in-kernel nvmet target with authentication enabled, and monitor for unexpected host disconnects coinciding with authentication timeouts.

The Linux kernel's NVMe/TCP target transport (nvmet-tcp) reads incoming PDU headers into a fixed 128-byte buffer without validating the declared PDU length, allowing a 4-byte out-of-bounds write. A remote, unauthenticated host that connects to an NVMe/TCP target and negotiates header digests can send a duplicate ICReq PDU, causing 124 attacker-controlled bytes to be written at offset 8 of the 128-byte union and spilling 4 bytes over its end into adjacent kernel memory (queue->hdr_digest and queue->data_digest); the duplicate ICReq is only rejected after the overflow has occurred. This corrupts kernel memory adjacent to the receive buffer, matching the critical CVSS 9.8 rating (network vector, no privileges, high C/I/A impact), though no public proof-of-concept is known and the flaw is not listed in CISA KEV. Only systems running a Linux kernel with the nvmet-tcp target enabled and reachable over the network are affected. The upstream fix rejects any PDU whose declared length would read past the end of the receive buffer before performing the second read.

Do: Update the kernel to a release or distro package containing the upstream nvmet-tcp fix (the commit that rejects PDUs whose declared length exceeds sizeof(queue->pdu)) and rebuild/reboot affected storage nodes. Until patched, firewall TCP port 4420 so only trusted NVMe initiators can reach the target, since the attack requires no authentication and only needs the ability to open a connection and send a crafted duplicate ICReq. Check whether your kernels enable the NVMe target TCP transport (CONFIG_NVME_TARGET_TCP, e.g. via nvmetcli or /sys/kernel/config/nvmet) to determine if you are exposed at all.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvmet-tcp: reject unsolicited H2CData PDUs nvmet_tcp_handle_h2c_data_pdu() accepts an H2CData PDU after only checking that its TTAG is a valid in-range command index and that the command's data buffers are mapped. It never checks that the target has actually solicited that data by sending an R2T for the command. A remote host can abuse this. It submits a write command that takes the R2T path and, before the target transmits the R2T, sends an H2CData PDU for that command's tag. The data completes the command early, and when the command then fails synchronously (e.g. a length mismatch caught by nvmet_check_transfer_len()), it is completed a second time. Each completion calls nvmet_tcp_queue_response(), so the same command is added to queue->resp_list twice while it is still linked; the second llist_add() makes the node point to itself (lentry->next == lentry). nvmet_tcp_process_resp_list() then walks that self-referential node and adds the command to resp_send_list twice. With CONFIG_DEBUG_LIST this trips the "list_add double add" check (kernel BUG); without it the loop never terminates and the nvmet_tcp workqueue wedges (soft-lockup). It is remotely triggerable and needs no authentication on an allow_any_host subsystem. Track whether an R2T has been transmitted for a command and reject an H2CData PDU that arrives before it. The flag is cleared on command reuse (nvmet_tcp_get_cmd() zeroes cmd->flags) and stays set across the multiple H2CData PDUs of a single solicited transfer.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/migrate_device: avoid out-of-bounds writes for compound folios migrate_device_range() and migrate_device_pfns() clear the entries following a compound folio so that the PFN arrays retain their page-granular representation. If a compound folio extends beyond the end of the caller-provided range, the loops clear all following folio entries without limiting them to the number of slots remaining in the npages-sized array, causing an out-of-bounds write. Do not proceed with a compound folio if its page-granular representation does not fit entirely in the remaining PFN array. If this happens, drop any reference and lock acquired for the folio, clear the remaining entries, and stop collecting. Observed with a KASAN x86 QEMU kernel using the HMM migrate_anon_huge_zero selftest. Closing /dev/hmm_dmirror0 after migrating an anonymous huge page to device memory exercises: dmirror_fops_release() -> dmirror_device_evict_chunk() -> migrate_device_range()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mm/hugetlb_cma: fix null nodemask dereference in hugetlb_cma_alloc_frozen_folio alloc_buddy_hugetlb_folio_with_mpol() can pass a NULL nodemask to alloc_fresh_hugetlb_folio() as a fallback to allocate from all nodes. If order is gigantic, alloc_fresh_hugetlb_folio() propagates the NULL nodemask down to hugetlb_cma_alloc_frozen_folio() via alloc_gigantic_frozen_folio(). Additionally, hugetlb_cma_alloc_frozen_folio() previously attempted allocation on hugetlb_cma[nid] without verifying if nid is included in the caller's nodemask. Adding a node_isset(nid, *nodemask) check ensures the initial preferred node allocation honors the memory policy / nodemask. However, hugetlb_cma_alloc_frozen_folio() dereferences the nodemask in node_isset(nid, *nodemask) and for_each_node_mask(node, *nodemask), leading to a null pointer dereference kernel panic when nodemask is NULL. Fix this by checking if nodemask is NULL in hugetlb_cma_alloc_frozen_folio() and defaulting it to cpuset_current_mems_allowed. Enclose the allocation attempts within the cpuset seqcount retry loop so that if the cpuset changes concurrently during allocation, the attempts are retried using the updated nodemask. This ensures that the initial node check and fallback loop safely honor the task's cpuset without violating cpuset constraints or causing NULL pointer dereferences or unexpected allocation failures. From a userspace perspective, this bug allows an unprivileged user to crash the kernel (trigger a panic) by requesting a gigantic hugepage allocation with MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY on a system where CMA is only configured on a subset of NUMA nodes. This can be reproduced by booting a VM with two NUMA nodes, restricting CMA to Node 1 (e.g., hugetlb_cma=1:1G default_hugepagesz=1G hugepagesz=1G hugepages=0), and running a program that allocates a 1GB hugepage area without reserving, restricts allocation to Node 0 using mbind() with MPOL_PREFERRED_MANY, and triggers a page fault: void *ptr = mmap(NULL, 1UL only_alloc_fresh_hugetlb_folio.isra.0+0x2c/0x160 alloc_surplus_hugetlb_folio+0x6d/0x100 alloc_hugetlb_folio+0x3c5/0x660 hugetlb_no_page+0x3d9/0x650

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: nvdimm/btt: reject an arena whose nfree is below the lane count The BTT info block's nfree field, the number of reserve free blocks, is read from the medium without validation. btt_freelist_init() and btt_rtt_init() size the per-lane freelist[] and rtt[] arrays by nfree, but the I/O path indexes them by the lane from nd_region_acquire_lane(), which is bounded by nd_region->num_lanes (ND_MAX_LANES), not by nfree. A crafted or foreign arena whose nfree is below the lane count makes freelist[lane]/rtt[lane] run past the allocation: an out-of-bounds write. btt.rst documents the nlanes = min(nfree, num_cpus) invariant, which the code does not currently honor: num_lanes is ND_MAX_LANES regardless of nfree. Reject an arena whose nfree is below num_lanes at discovery, before the per-lane arrays are allocated, enforcing that invariant.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: parisc: eisa: Fix infinite loop when parsing invalid IRQ value When an invalid value is passed via the "eisa_irq_edge=" kernel command line parameter (e.g. "eisa_irq_edge=16,5"), eisa_irq_setup() prints an error message and continues without advancing the current position. As a result the same invalid value is parsed again and again, causing an infinite loop while the kernel boots. Advance to the next comma-separated entry, or stop parsing when there is no next entry, before continuing so that the remaining entries are processed normally.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/kexec_file: Fix null-ptr-def in extra size calculation A static Sashiko AI review identified a potential NULL pointer dereference in kexec_extra_fdt_size_ppc64(). On platforms without any reserved memory regions, get_reserved_memory_ranges() can return 0 while leaving 'rmem' unallocated as NULL. Passing it directly leads to a kernel panic when evaluating 'rmem->nr_ranges'. Add a NULL check for 'rmem' to prevent this crash.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/kexec_file: Prevent kexec range truncation Sashiko AI review pointed out the following issue. The __merge_memory_ranges() function incorrectly handles overlapping memory ranges when merging them. Although sort_memory_ranges() sorts all ranges by their start address in ascending order beforehand, the merge logic remains defective in two ways: 1. It compares the current range's start against the previous element (i-1) instead of the running target index (idx) 2. It unconditionally overwrites 'ranges[idx].end' with 'ranges[i].end'. This logic flaw leads to critical memory truncation when a larger memory range completely subsumes subsequent smaller ranges. For example, consider a sorted input array with three ranges: Range A (idx=0): [0x1000 - 0x9000] Range B (i=1): [0x2000 - 0x5000] (completely inside Range A) Range C (i=2): [0x6000 - 0x8000] (completely inside Range A) 1. When i=1 (Range B): ranges[1].start (0x2000) <= ranges[0].end + 1 (0x9001) is TRUE. The code executes: ranges[0].end = ranges[1].end, which erroneously shrinks Range A's end from 0x9000 down to 0x5000. 2. When i=2 (Range C): ranges[2].start (0x6000) <= ranges[1].end + 1 (0x5001) is FALSE. The code falls into the else block, creating a broken new range. As a result, valid memory fragments [0x5001 - 0x5fff] and [0x8001 - 0x9000] are completely lost from the kexec exclude lists, potentially allowing the crash kernel to overwrite active memory, causing data corruption or crashes. Fix this by ensuring the start of the current range is compared against the end of the active merged range (idx), and use max() to safely prevent the outer boundary from being truncated.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: powerpc/mm: fix wrong addr_pfn tracking in compound vmemmap population vmemmap_populate_compound_pages() uses addr_pfn to determine the PFN offset within a compound page and to decide whether the current vmemmap slot should be populated as a head page mapping or should reuse a tail page mapping. However, addr_pfn is advanced manually in parallel with addr. The loop itself progresses in vmemmap address space, so each PAGE_SIZE step in addr covers PAGE_SIZE / sizeof(struct page) struct page slots. Since addr_pfn is compared against nr_pages in data-PFN units, it should advance by the same number of PFNs. The existing manual increments do not match that and therefore do not reliably track the PFN corresponding to the current addr. As a result, pfn_offset can be computed from the wrong PFN and the code can make the head/tail decision for the wrong compound-page position. Fix this by deriving addr_pfn directly from the current vmemmap address instead of carrying it as loop state.

The Linux kernel's s390 vfio-ap driver (crypto adapter passthrough for KVM on IBM Z) sets kvm->arch.crypto.pqap_hook before checking whether the mediated device's KVM instance is already claimed by another mdev; when vfio_ap_mdev_set_kvm() then fails with -EPERM, the hook pointer is never restored and the failing matrix_mdev's kvm field is never set, so cleanup cannot undo it. If that matrix_mdev is subsequently closed and freed, a guest executing a PQAP instruction dereferences the stale hook pointer through pqap_hook_rwsem, causing a use-after-free in the host kernel. A privileged local attacker inside an s390 KVM guest that uses vfio-ap crypto mediated devices could corrupt host kernel memory (CVSS scope-changed, with high confidentiality, integrity and availability impact), potentially crashing the host or escalating guest-to-host privileges. Only s390x (IBM Z) Linux hosts running KVM guests with vfio-ap mediated crypto devices are affected. There is no known exploitation, no public proof-of-concept, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Do: Track and deploy the mainline/stable kernel commit that fixes vfio_ap_mdev_set_kvm() (and the associated pqap_hook_rwsem locking rework) as it is backported into your distribution's IBM Z kernels (e.g., Red Hat, SUSE, Ubuntu on Z). Until patched, restrict vfio-ap mediated-device usage to a single mdev per KVM instance and avoid closing/freeing matrix_mdevs after a failed attach, and check vendor advisories for the fixed kernel version applicable to your s390 platform.

A logic error in the Linux kernel's s390 VFIO-AP driver causes the vfio_ap_config_remove function to use bitmap_andnot instead of bitmap_and when clearing a control-domain bit from the mediated device's matrix.adm bitmap, so control domains explicitly unplugged by the administrator are never actually removed from the KVM guest. It is triggered on IBM Z (s390) hosts when an operator unplugs or removes an assigned control domain from a vfio-ap mediated device passed through to a running KVM guest. The guest retains access to cryptographic control domains the host intended to revoke, so a low-privileged local attacker inside the guest can continue performing cryptographic operations against resources that should no longer be reachable (CVSS 8.8, scope changed). Only Linux-on-IBM-Z deployments that use the vfio-ap driver for AP (adjunct processor) crypto passthrough to KVM guests are affected; systems that do not use vfio-ap are unaffected. No public proof-of-concept or in-the-wild exploitation is known, and the issue is not listed in CISA KEV.

Do: Update s390 Linux kernels to a build containing the upstream vfio-ap fix (bitmap_and in vfio_ap_config_remove); no fixed version number is given in the advisory, so track the stable kernel that carries this commit. As an interim mitigation, avoid removing control domains from active vfio-ap mdevs while guests are running — instead update the mdev's adapter/domain matrix and restart the guest so the AP masks are rebuilt. Audit current guest assignments of control domains against intended configuration to identify any domains that were 'unplugged' but remain available to guests.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/vfio-ap: Fix dereference matrix_mdev->kvm without checking for NULL The ap_driver structure has two fields which are function pointers to callbacks: * .on_config_changed: called at the start of the AP bus scan function to notify the device driver that the host AP configuration has changed and the associated AP devices will be added or removed accordingly. This gives the implementor a chance to evaluate the configuration changes and respond to them before the associated devices are added or removed. * .on_scan_complete: Called at the end of the AP bus scan function to notify the device driver that the host AP configuration has changed and the AP devices have been added or removed accordingly. This gives the implementor the opportunity to respond to the changes after the associated devices are added or removed. These two callbacks are implemented in the vfio_ap device driver via the vfio_ap_on_cfg_changed and vfio_ap_on_scan_complete functions respectively. Within the call stack of these two callback functions the matrix_mdev->kvm->lock mutex is taken without checking whether matrix_mdev->kvm is NULL or not. If matrix_mdev->kvm has never been set, trying to take the lock will trigger a NULL pointer dereference. This patch adds checks for matrix_mdev->kvm == NULL before taking the matrix_mdev->kvm->lock mutex. Note that the matrix_mdev->kvm->lock mutex taken in the vfio_ap_mdev_hot_plug_config function is moved to the calling function along with the matrix_dev->mdevs_lock which is needed there to access the fields of the matrix_mdev. It makes little sense to make the change the check for matrix_mdev->kvm there before taking the kvm->lock mutex only to have to move it out via another patch, so it is done in this patch. It is important to make note of the following: 1. The matrix_dev->guests_lock is acquired at the start of both callback functions. This ensures that matrix_mdev will not be removed via the vfio_ap_mdev_remove function because it too takes matrix_dev_guests_lock before removing the object; so, matrix_mdev will be available for the duration of the callback functions. 2. The matrix_dev->mdevs_lock mutex must be taken in order to access fields within the matrix_mdev structure 3. matrix_mdev->kvm->lock mutex must be taken before the matrix_dev->mdevs_lock to prevent a lockdep splat. 4: The kvm->lock must be held while plugging the guest's AP configuration into its SIE state description via the vfio_ap_mdev_update_guest_apcb function. 5. The vfio_ap_mdev_update_guest_apcb checks matrix_mdev->kvm to verify it is not NULL before doing the hot plug of the guest's AP configuration.

CVE-2026-89957 is a logic flaw in the Linux kernel's s390/vfio-ap driver, which passes IBM Z Adjunct Processor (AP) crypto hardware into KVM guests via mediated devices. The hot-unplug handler vfio_ap_mdev_hot_unplug_cfg() relied on the return value of bitmap_andnot(), which returns false when the resulting bitmap is empty; therefore, when the only adapter, domain, or control domain assigned to an mdev is removed from the host AP configuration, do_hotplug stays 0 and vfio_ap_mdev_update_guest_apcb() is never called. As a result, a running KVM guest retains stale hardware access to AP crypto devices that were unplugged or de-assigned from its authorized configuration, breaching the host/guest isolation boundary around cryptographic hardware and potentially key material. Only IBM Z / LinuxONE systems running Linux KVM with vfio-ap crypto passthrough are affected; the CVSS vector (AV:L/PR:L/S:C) indicates a low-privileged local attacker inside a guest, not remote compromise. No public proof-of-concept is known, the issue is not listed in CISA KEV, and no exploitation has been reported.

Do: Apply the distribution kernel update containing the s390/vfio-ap fix (which replaces the bitmap_andnot() return-value check with bitmap_intersects() to force the guest APCB update) when available. Until patched, avoid hot-removing the last assigned AP adapter, domain, or control domain while vfio-ap guests are running—perform such reconfiguration with guests shut down or restart guests afterward to clear stale queue access. Confirm exposure by checking for vfio-ap mediated devices / CONFIG_VFIO_AP on s390x KVM hosts; x86 and other architectures are not affected.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/vfio-ap: Fix missing lock required to access list of ap_matrix_mdev objects In order to traverse or add/remove ap_matrix_mdev objects in the matrix_dev->mdev_list, the matrix_dev->guests_lock mutex must be held. There are two functions that access the list without holding the mutex: vfio_ap_mdev_probe function ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The vfio_ap_mdev_probe function uses the matrix_dev->mdevs_lock mutex to guard the add of a newly created ap_matrix_mdev object to the matrix_dev->mdev_list. This mutex does not protect list access; its purpose is to guard against concurrent access to fields contained in an ap_matrix_mdev object. This could lead to kernel memory corruption or use-after-free if another mdev is created or removed concurrently. The adding of an ap_matrix_mdev object to matrix_dev->mdev_list is now guarded by the matrix_dev->guests_lock which is the correct way to protect against concurrent mdev_list access. Also removed the following two lines of code because the matrix_mdev is allocated via vfio_alloc_device macro which uses kzalloc, so req_trigger and cfg_chg_trigger are already zero-initialised when the struct is allocated before the call to vfio_register_emulated_iommu_dev. This prevents a window whereby these triggers are set to NULL after the device is exposed to userspace. matrix_mdev->req_trigger = NULL; matrix_mdev->cfg_chg_trigger = NULL; vfio_ap_mdev_for_queue function ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ The status_show function that supports display of the status attribute of the devices in /sys/bus/ap/devices calls the vfio_ap_mdev_for_queue function which iterates the matrix_dev->mdev_list to find the object representing the queue device whose status is to be displayed. In order to traverse this list, the matrix_dev->guests_lock mutex must be held. To fix this, the guests_lock mutex is taken prior to taking the matrix_dev->mdevs_lock mutex in the status_show function. It is taken there rather than the vfio_ap_mdev_for_queue function - where it is needed - because it must be taken prior to the mdevs_lock mutex in order to adhere to the proper locking order and prevent a lockdep splat; also because the mdevs_lock is needed there to access fields within the matrix_mdev object in that function. See the vfio-ap-locking.rst in the linux kernel tree.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: s390/vfio-ap: Fix NULL deref in status_show() during queue probe When vfio_ap_mdev_probe_queue() creates the sysfs attribute group, the queue's driver data has not yet been set. A concurrent read of the 'status' attribute can therefore call dev_get_drvdata() and get NULL, which is then passed directly to vfio_ap_mdev_for_queue() where q->apqn is unconditionally dereferenced, causing a NULL pointer dereference. Fix this by acquiring the update locks before calling sysfs_create_group(). The status_show() function acquires guests_lock before reading the driver data, so any concurrent read will block until after dev_set_drvdata() has been called and the update locks are released. As a bonus, the APQN no longer needs to be read from the queue struct after allocation — it can be read directly from apdev before allocation and stored in a local variable, which is then assigned to q->apqn once the allocation succeeds.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: afs: validate v2 image info bounds The AFS v2 parser uses footer[8] to locate the image information block inside the current erase block, then uses the image information region_count to walk entries from a fixed local array. The footer offset and region count come from flash contents and are not checked against the erase block or the local image-info array before use. Reject v2 entries whose image information offset would underflow the erase block calculation, and reject region counts that cannot fit in the local image-info array before walking region entries.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: mtdoops: free page bitmap when the backing MTD is removed mtdoops_notify_add() allocates oops_page_used when the configured MTD device is registered. mtdoops_notify_remove() detaches from that device but leaves the bitmap allocated. If the same MTD device is later registered again, the add path allocates a new bitmap and overwrites the old pointer, leaking one vmalloc allocation per remove/add cycle. This is only visible when the backing MTD device can disappear and be registered again while mtdoops remains loaded, so the usual static MTD case does not expose it. Free the bitmap after unregistering the dumper and flushing the pending workers, then clear the pointer and page count before a later attach can allocate fresh state. Clearing the pointer also keeps the module exit path from freeing the same bitmap a second time after a remove event.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: mtd: rawnand: validate ONFI extended parameter page sections nand_flash_detect_ext_param_page() allocates the length declared by the ONFI parameter page, then treats the data as a fixed header followed by variable-length sections. It reads that header and advances over sections without first proving that the fixed page and each current section fit in the allocation. Reject pages shorter than the fixed header, track the remaining variable area while walking sections, and require the ECC section to contain every field read from struct onfi_ext_ecc_info. Use device-scoped diagnostics that identify the malformed ONFI section.

CVE-2026-89951 is a use-after-free in the Linux kernel's batman-adv mesh networking module: fragment reassembly reuses the skb of the highest-numbered buffered fragment, which can retain a stale skb->dev/skb_iif pointing to a hard interface that was deleted before the fragment chain completed. The merged packet is reinjected through batadv_batman_skb_recv() into the normal receive path, where the Distributed ARP Table (DAT) and bridge loop avoidance code derive the ARP header length from skb->dev and can dereference the freed net_device. An attacker adjacent to the mesh can line up fragments received on an interface that then goes down, gaining at minimum a kernel crash (denial of service) and, per the CVSS scoring, potential confidentiality/integrity impact from freed-memory reuse. Only systems with batman-adv enabled are affected — community mesh networks, OpenWrt-based mesh routers, and embedded devices — while ordinary Linux systems without the module are not. No public proof-of-concept is known, the flaw is not in CISA's KEV, and no exploitation has been reported.

Do: Update to a kernel that includes the upstream batman-adv 'fix stale receive device on merged fragments' patch as soon as your distribution or vendor ships it (the advisory does not name specific version numbers). Until patched, avoid tearing down or reconfiguring hard/batman interfaces while fragmented mesh traffic is in flight, and restart the batman-adv interface after link changes. Monitor kernel logs for oopses referencing batadv, batadv_dat, or batadv_bla on mesh nodes.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: mcast: linearize skbuff for packet generation batadv_mcast_forw_packet() and batadv_mcast_forw_scrape() is not only called (indirectly) by the unsharing+linearizing batadv_recv_mcast_packet() handler. When it is called (indirectly) by batadv_mcast_forw_mcsend() then it will be unshared but not linearized. The SKB_LINEAR_ASSERT() can therefore cause a fatal BUG(). The linearization should happen during the expansion of the head because the scrape function can be hit already during the initial batadv_mcast_forw_mode() selection code: * batadv_interface_tx * batadv_mcast_forw_mode * batadv_mcast_forw_mode_by_count() * batadv_mcast_forw_push() -> calls batadv_mcast_forw_expand_head() before everything else * batadv_mcast_forw_push_tvlvs() * batadv_mcast_forw_push_dests() * batadv_mcast_forw_push_adjust_padding() * batadv_mcast_forw_scrape()

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: dat: avoid unaligned fault in IP extraction Independent of the alignment of the ARP packet in the SKB, either the batadv_arp_ip_src or the batadv_arp_ip_dst will have an unaligned access (on HW without native unaligned read support). Use get_unaligned() to handle this properly on all architectures.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: batman-adv: bla: fix freeing of claims on meshif deletion When the mesh interface is getting deleted, then batadv_bla_del_backbone_claims() (via batadv_bla_purge_backbone_gw()) could make sure that all claims gets removed. But this function is only executed when bat_priv->bla.claim_hash is not NULL. And since batadv_bla_free() is always setting it to NULL before it is (indirectly) called, it was never actually executed. But the batadv_bla_purge_claims() -> batadv_handle_unclaim() is at the moment too fragile because the BLA code is not handling the rehashing in batadv_bla_update_orig_address(). The stored backbone address doesn't have to be the one actually used for the hash bucket selection during the initial adding of the backbone. The batadv_handle_unclaim() can therefore fail to find the respective backbone for the unclaim and then stop the deletion. But the actual backbone_gw object is not needed for the unclaim because all relevant information is always provided by the caller. And the check for the existence of the backbone_gw doesn't provide any additional security check for the deletion of a claim.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: clk: meson: align gxbb_32k_clk_sel number of parents with actual count The following out-of-bounds read has been observed by Christian on a GXBB WeTek Hub: ================================================================== BUG: KASAN: global-out-of-bounds in __clk_register+0x1b70/0x2418 Read of size 8 at addr ffffd66320cf88e0 by task swapper/0/1 CPU: 0 UID: 0 PID: 1 Comm: swapper/0 Not tainted 7.0.0-rc5 #1 PREEMPT Hardware name: WeTek Hub (DT) Call trace: show_stack+0x14/0x20 (C) dump_stack_lvl+0x74/0x94 print_report+0x164/0x4b0 kasan_report+0x98/0xd8 __asan_report_load8_noabort+0x1c/0x24 __clk_register+0x1b70/0x2418 devm_clk_hw_register+0x74/0x15c meson_clkc_init+0xd4/0x20c meson_clkc_syscon_probe+0x5c/0x94 platform_probe+0xbc/0x17c really_probe+0x184/0x844 __driver_probe_device+0x154/0x35c driver_probe_device+0x60/0x188 __driver_attach+0x168/0x4a0 bus_for_each_dev+0xec/0x180 driver_attach+0x38/0x58 bus_add_driver+0x238/0x4c0 driver_register+0x150/0x388 __platform_driver_register+0x54/0x7c gxbb_clkc_driver_init+0x18/0x20 do_one_initcall+0xb8/0x340 kernel_init_freeable+0x49c/0x52c kernel_init+0x24/0x148 ret_from_fork+0x10/0x20 The buggy address belongs to the variable: gxbb_32k_clk_parents+0x60/0x400 The buggy address belongs to a vmalloc virtual mapping The buggy address belongs to the physical page: Memory state around the buggy address: ffffd66320cf8780: 00 00 00 00 f9 f9 f9 f9 00 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 ffffd66320cf8800: 00 04 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 00 04 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 >ffffd66320cf8880: 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 f9 f9 f9 f9 ^ ffffd66320cf8900: 00 01 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 00 06 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 ffffd66320cf8980: 00 00 02 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 00 00 02 f9 f9 f9 f9 f9 ================================================================== Commit 7915d7d5407c ("clk: amlogic: gxbb: drop non existing 32k clock parent") dropped a non-existing clock parent from the gxbb_32k_clk_sel mux but didn't adjust the hard-coded num_parents field. Fix the actual number of parents of that mux by using ARRAY_SIZE instead (avoiding similar problems in future).

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: cs35l33: drain threaded IRQ before runtime suspend cs35l33_runtime_suspend() currently switches the codec into regcache_cache_only(true) and powers it down without first quiescing the threaded IRQ registered by devm_request_threaded_irq(). That leaves a window where cs35l33_irq_thread() can still run after suspend has closed off live register access. A running system can reach this during runtime PM while the driver still has critical fault IRQs unmasked. If the threaded handler runs in that window, it reads volatile INT_STATUS_1/2 after cache_only has been enabled, ignores the regmap_read() failures, and can still drive the AMP_SHORT_RLS, CAL_ERR_RLS, OTE_RLS, and OTW_RLS release paths. Use disable_irq() before entering cache_only/power-off so any in-flight threaded handler is drained and no new IRQ thread can run during the suspended state. Re-enable the IRQ only after runtime_resume() has restored live register access with regcache_sync(). Since probe only warns if devm_request_threaded_irq() fails, track whether the IRQ was actually installed before disabling or re-enabling it.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: hdac_hda: Fix hlink refcount leak on component registration failure hdac_hda_dev_probe() gets the HDA link with snd_hdac_ext_bus_link_get() before registering the ASoC component. If component registration fails, the function returns without dropping the link reference. Always call snd_hdac_ext_bus_link_put() after the registration attempt so the reference taken during probe is balanced on both success and failure.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: ASoC: loongson: Fix error handling in ACPI property parsing In loongson_card_parse_acpi(), the return value of device_property_read_string() for the `codec-dai-name` property was ignored. If the property is missing or invalid, an uninitialized pointer would be used later, potentially leading to undefined behavior. Fix this by checking the return value and propagating the error appropriately.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: buffer: Fix potential use-after-free in anonymous buffer release An anonymous buffer handle holds a reference to the underlying IIO device. The reference is dropped in the buffer handle's release function. If the device has been removed, either through unbind or hot-unplug, the buffer handle might hold the last reference. The release function takes the mutex for the buffer using a guard, which means the unlock happens after all the code in the function, including `iio_device_put()`. If the anonymous buffer holds the last reference this might free both the IIO device and the buffer, which contains the mutex, leading to use-after-free when the mutex is unlocked. Fix this by using a scoped guard just around the buffer dmabuf list access, making sure the mutex is unlocked before releasing the IIO device. Version 10 of the patch that introduced this issue used this exact scheme of first unlocking and then dropping the reference [1]. During review it was suggested to use a guard instead, and version 11 made that change [2].

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: buffer: Make IIO DMA fence release RCU-safe The `dma_fence` documentation states that if a custom release implementation is provided, the `dma_fence` object must be freed in an RCU-safe way. The current `iio_dma_fence` implementation uses `kfree()`, which might result in a use-after-free. Remove the custom `release` implementation. This makes the DMA fence core fall back to `dma_fence_free()`, which calls `kfree_rcu()` on the fence. This requires that the fence be the first member of `struct iio_dma_fence`. Using the default release method for extended DMA fence structures is a common pattern.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: buffer: Tie IIO dma fence lock lifetime to the fence The `iio_dma_fence` implementation currently uses a lock embedded in the `iio_dmabuf_priv`. But the `iio_dma_fence` can outlive the `iio_dmabuf_priv`, which can cause a use-after-free. Tie the lifetime of the lock to the lifetime of the fence by embedding them in the same struct. We can't just hold a reference to the `iio_dmabuf_priv` from the `iio_dma_fence` since `iio_buffer_dmabuf_release()` might sleep and the fence release callback is not allowed to sleep. Note that the `dma_fence` framework now has an internal lock that gets used when the passing `NULL` for `lock` in `dma_fence_init()`, but in order to allow this patch to be backportable use an external lock.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: chemical: atlas-sensor: fix PM reference leak in buffer postenable atlas_buffer_postenable() acquires a runtime PM reference with pm_runtime_resume_and_get() but returns the result of atlas_set_interrupt() directly. If atlas_set_interrupt() fails, the runtime PM reference is leaked and the device can never autosuspend. Add pm_runtime_put_autosuspend() on the error path to balance the reference.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: chemical: atlas-sensor: use iio_trigger_poll_nested() to fix remove UAF The atlas driver requests its hardware data-ready IRQ with devm_request_threaded_irq(); its threaded handler queues an irq_work, atlas_work_handler(), that calls iio_trigger_poll(data->trig). The IRQ is devm-managed, so free_irq() runs from the devres unwind after atlas_remove() returns without flushing that irq_work. Once a buffer is enabled, conversion-complete IRQs keep firing and queueing it; a pending irq_work can therefore run after the unwind has freed atlas_data/indio_dev and the trigger, when atlas_work_handler() derives the atlas_data pointer via container_of() and dereferences data->trig, a use-after-free. Call iio_trigger_poll_nested() directly from the threaded handler instead of bouncing through irq_work. free_irq() then drains the threaded handler, closing the window; other iio drivers with a threaded data-ready IRQ do the same (e.g. bmi270). This issue was found by an in-house static analysis tool.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: chemical: sgp30: Handle IAQ thread creation failure kthread_run() can fail and return an error pointer, but sgp_probe() stores it and returns success, so the device is registered without its IAQ thread and sgp_remove() later passes the error pointer to kthread_stop(). Return the error from probe instead.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: dac: m62332: Fix regulator reference count imbalance m62332_set_value() enables the Vcc regulator on every write of a non-zero value and disables it on every write of zero, without tracking the channel's current state. Because the regulator is reference counted, changing a channel directly from one non-zero value to another enables it more than once, while a later write of zero disables it only once. The reference count never returns to zero and the regulator is left enabled indefinitely. Only enable the regulator on the transition from zero to non-zero, and only disable it on the transition from non-zero to zero, using the previously stored channel value to detect the edge. Balance the regulator on the I2C error path so the reference count stays consistent if the write fails.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: light: apds9306: fix PM reference leak in apds9306_read_data() apds9306_read_data() calls pm_runtime_resume_and_get() but several error paths return directly without calling pm_runtime_put_autosuspend(), leaking the runtime PM reference and preventing the device from autosuspending. Use PM_RUNTIME_ACQUIRE_AUTOSUSPEND() and PM_RUNTIME_ACQUIRE_ERR() to automatically handle runtime PM reference release on all return paths.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: light: ltrf216a: fix runtime PM reference leak in error path ltrf216a_get_lux() acquires a runtime PM reference by calling ltrf216a_set_power_state(data, true). However, if ltrf216a_read_data() fails, the function returns immediately without dropping the reference. This leaves the runtime PM usage count unbalanced, preventing the device from autosuspending after a failed read. Fix this by releasing the runtime PM reference before returning from the error path.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: iio: pressure: dps310: fix NULL pointer dereference on ACPI probe When the device is enumerated through its ACPI HID (IFX3100), i2c_client_get_device_id() returns NULL: the ACPI-derived client name does not match the driver's i2c_device_id table. dps310_probe() then dereferences that NULL pointer in "iio->name = id->name" and crashes the kernel during probe. The IIO device name is always "dps310", so set it directly and drop the now-unused device-id lookup.

CVE-2026-89932 is a guest-isolation flaw in the Linux kernel's KVM nested virtualization (nVMX) code: when vpid02 (the VPID used for a nested guest) is freed on VMXOFF and later reallocated, KVM does not reset its last_vpid tracking, so the VPID is not flushed on first use. The flaw is triggered when an L1 guest performs VMXOFF followed by VMXON, runs an L2 guest, and KVM happens to reuse a VPID whose stale TLB entries still exist on the physical CPU. An attacker controlling a guest could cause the hypervisor to use stale TLB mappings from a previous lifetime of that VPID, potentially associated with a different vCPU or an entirely different VM, breaking isolation and enabling cross-VM/cross-vCPU memory disclosure with potential integrity and availability impact (CVSS 8.8). Any Linux host running KVM with Intel nested virtualization (nVMX) enabled and untrusted guests is affected. No public proof-of-concept or in-the-wild exploitation is known, and the issue is not in CISA KEV.

Do: Apply a kernel update from your distribution that includes the nVMX fix (no fixed version numbers were provided in the advisory, so track vendor kernel releases for the 'KVM: nVMX: Always flush vpid02 on first use' commit). As an interim mitigation on hosts running untrusted workloads, disable nested virtualization (e.g., set kvm_intel nested=0 or otherwise prevent guests from using VMX). Audit which hosts expose nested VMX to guests and whether multiple untrusted VMs share those hosts, since VPID reuse is the trigger condition.

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: KVM: nVMX: Ensure KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES is cleared on VM-Exit Always check and clear KVM_REQ_GET_NESTED_STATE_PAGES when emulating a nested VM-Exit to ensure the request is cleared, even when KVM was built with CONFIG_KVM_HYPERV=n, as KVM subtly relies on the "check" to clear the flag and thus avoid double-mapping the vmcs12 pages, e.g. if KVM manages to bail from VM-Enter without processing the request, and then emulates VMLAUNCH or VMRESUME.