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The Evolution of the Agent Harness

Latent Space essay argues late-2025 agent gains came from models and harnesses maturing together, with harness logic absorbed into model weights.

The piece defines the agent harness as everything beyond model weights—tools, context, memory, guardrails—and charts its evolution from ReAct prompting (October 2022) through AutoGPT's premature autonomy, Cursor/Copilot's human-in-the-loop retreat, and Devin's roughly 15% success rate, to o1's capability overhang and Claude Code's February 2025 terminal agent with permission rules. It argues the Christmas 2025 jump cited by Transformer co-inventor Lukasz Kaiser reflected model and harness curves crossing, and that remaining harnesses will serve human attention rather than the model.

Latent SpaceAug 22, 07:30 UTC · 26d agoAI tools & infra

Rapidly scaling online storage to serve over 1 billion ChatGPT users

OpenAI's Habitat online storage platform now handles over 70 million requests per second and 500 PB of data for 1 billion users.

OpenAI details the evolution of Habitat, its online storage platform backing ChatGPT and other products, which began in mid-2024 as a Python client-side library over Azure Cosmos DB. Habitat now processes more than 70 million requests per second, serves over 500 petabytes of data across nearly 40 geographic regions, and supports over 1 billion users weekly. By mid-2025 the client library approach became brittle, so OpenAI moved Habitat into a standalone service to centralize deployments, observability, and multi-tenancy reliability. This is part one of a two-part series; a future post will cover read optimization and scaling the Azure Cosmos DB partnership.

OpenAI NewsSep 11, 10:00 UTC · 6d agoAI tools & infra1

Ask HN: How do you manage skills files?

A Hacker News thread debates whether agent skill files are worth managing, citing 2–4x output-token reductions on flagship models in one company's testing.

Commenters argue skills are stored prompts that help less-technical users compensate for weak prompting, while one participant reports company testing found skills reduce flagship-model output tokens by roughly 2–4x, a gap growing with newer models. Others note skills can bundle reusable scripts and inline commands for deterministic context building, and that harnesses now execute backticked commands before the agent sees the skill. Some argue improving model capability makes downloadable skills redundant.

Hacker News · securitySep 6, 19:27 UTC · 10d agoAI tools & infra HN 303↑ · 271 comments1

llm-anthropic 0.28

llm-anthropic 0.28 released with Claude Fable 5.1 support, default reasoning traces and a new ClaudeRefusal exception.

Developer Simon Willison released version 0.28 of the llm-anthropic Python plugin, adding support for Claude Fable 5.1. Reasoning traces are now displayed by default for models that support them, and a new llm_anthropic.ClaudeRefusal exception is raised when Claude returns a refusal.

Simon WillisonSep 2, 17:59 UTC · 14d agoAI tools & infra2

Top 5 AI Gateways for Enterprise (2026 Guide)

A 2026 buyer's guide ranks NeuralTrust TrustGate, Kong AI Gateway, and Cloudflare AI Gateway as top enterprise AI gateways for security and governance.

The guide evaluates enterprise AI gateways on security, governance, routing, observability, and agent ecosystem support. NeuralTrust TrustGate ranks first for identity-aware agent governance across models, MCP servers, tools, and agent-to-agent traffic, with SaaS, hybrid, and private deployment options. Kong AI Gateway is recommended for organizations with mature API infrastructure, while Cloudflare AI Gateway emphasizes caching, retries, model fallbacks, and prompt/response guardrails.

GBHackersSep 11, 16:29 UTC · 5d agoAI tools & infra

GitHub Introduces Project HydraFusion: Runtime Multi-Model Orchestration That Builds a Workflow Per Coding Task in Copilot CLI

GitHub's Project HydraFusion research preview builds per-task multi-model workflows (Single, Cascade, Critique) in Copilot CLI, reporting +4.9 quality at 67% lower cost on TerminalBench 2.1.

Project HydraFusion is a research preview available on all GitHub Copilot plans inside Copilot CLI that treats model routing as workflow selection, choosing among Single, Cascade (draft plus quality gate), and Critique (cross-family reviewer) execution patterns per request. Against Claude Opus 5 baselines at medium reasoning, fixed HydraFusion policies cut estimated cost 67% while adding 4.9 quality points on TerminalBench 2.1, and cut cost 36% and 65% with slight quality dips on DeepSWE and CheckpointBench. Billing is per token at each underlying model's standard rate; there are no open weights or self-hosting options.

MarkTechPostSep 5, 19:40 UTC · 11d agoAI tools & infra1

harshatheg/Qwen-2.5-1B-RLCD — new model trending #30 on Hugging Face

A community MLX inference engine evaluates constrained JSON schema fields in parallel on Apple Silicon, reporting 5.6-7.0x latency speedups with guaranteed schema validity.

The repository harshatheg/Qwen-2.5-1B-RLCD appeared at #30 on Hugging Face trending, but its content describes Parallel Constrained Decoding, an MLX-based inference engine for structured extraction and classification on Apple Silicon Macs. Benchmarked with mlx-community/Qwen2.5-1.5B-Instruct-4bit on an M4 Max, it reports 5.6x-7.0x latency reductions (e.g., 1,900 ms to 270 ms for a 28-field support triage task) with 100% syntactic validity and calibrated field-level probabilities. The engine prefills a single KV-cache, broadcasts it across all schema fields, and slices logits to valid candidate tokens for enum fields with up to 255 choices.

Hugging Face trending modelsSep 16, 01:35 UTC · 1d agoAI tools & infra

So you want to use OpenRouter?

Simon Willison highlights OpenRouter pitfalls: provider routing makes the same model endpoint behave inconsistently across backends.

Simon Willison discusses problems, raised by Mohamed Moustafa, with relying on OpenRouter's single API endpoint that automatically routes to the most cost-effective provider. Different backend providers run different serving software with different optimizations and settings, so requests to the same endpoint can behave in different ways. Some providers lack vision capability for vision models, and the reasoning effort option can be processed differently across providers.

Simon WillisonSep 11, 22:49 UTC · 5d agoAI tools & infra1

RTK reports token savings, but our cost benchmarks disagree

Quesma's $1,500 benchmark found RTK cuts reported token output but changes Claude Code and DeepSeek coding costs by only about 5% on Terminal-Bench 2.1.

Quesma benchmarked RTK (Rust Token Killer), a popular tool with 79k GitHub stars that filters terminal output for AI coding agents, whose README claims up to 90% output reduction. Across 1,740 Terminal-Bench 2.1 attempts running Claude Code with Fable 5.0 and OpenCode with DeepSeek V4 Pro 0813, total costs moved only -5% for Fable and +5% for DeepSeek, with pass rates dropping 1-2%. RTK's own rtk gain metric reported 349.2 million tokens saved (an 89% reduction) across 445 DeepSeek attempts, but this did not correlate with actual cost savings, and cached terminal-output reads cost as little as 1/10 to 1/30 of regular input tokens. A bug in rtk find 0.45.0 caused one agent to loop with 339 consecutive errors, costing roughly 9x the baseline attempt, though the task still passed.

Hacker News · securitySep 11, 11:15 UTC · 6d agoAI tools & infra HN 28↑ · 10 comments1

Speculative Decoding in vLLM on AMD GPUs

vLLM benchmarks speculative decoding on AMD Instinct MI300X and MI355X GPUs across five drafting methods including EAGLE-3 and native MTP.

The vLLM project documents draft-and-verify speculative decoding support for AMD GPUs via ROCm, comparing native MTP, Gemma 4 MTP, EAGLE-3, DFlash, and DSpark drafting approaches. Output-token throughput effects varied with drafting method, proposal length, model family, draft checkpoint, workload, and acceptance behavior. The post also covers how to enable each method plus practical tuning and observability considerations.

Hacker News · AISep 7, 09:26 UTC · 10d agoAI tools & infra HN 141↑ · 52 comments1

Nous Research Adds One-Click Local Model Setup to Hermes Desktop

Nous Research's Hermes Desktop now offers one-click local model setup that reads hardware, picks a fitting quantization, downloads weights, and configures llama.cpp automatically.

Hermes Desktop, the MIT-licensed build of the open-source Hermes Agent, now sets up local models in one click: it reads the machine's hardware, selects a model that fits, downloads weights, and configures the inference runtime. It manages a pinned llama.cpp build with CUDA, Metal, Vulkan, HIP, and CPU backends, and shows green/amber/red memory-fit verdicts per catalog model before download. Quantization floors at 4-bit, and recommended models guarantee at least a 64K context window protected by ordered RAM offload (expert weights first, never the attention cache). It runs on macOS 12+, Windows 10/11, and Linux with no account required for local models.

MarkTechPostSep 5, 19:12 UTC · 11d agoAI tools & infra1

Introducing agentic video understanding with Gemini

Google DeepMind launches agentic video understanding for Gemini 3.7 Flash, 3.6 Flash, and 3.5 Flash-Lite, cutting video-analysis tokens up to 88%.

Google DeepMind launched agentic video understanding across Gemini 3.7 Flash, 3.6 Flash, and 3.5 Flash-Lite via the Gemini API in Google AI Studio and the Gemini Enterprise Agent Platform. The feature replaces static fixed-FPS ingestion with an agentic loop that dynamically searches frames, audio, and transcripts, cutting token consumption by up to 88%, reducing costs by up to 66%, and improving accuracy by up to 7%. Gemini 3.7 Flash with the feature sits at the accuracy-to-cost Pareto frontier on tested video benchmarks, and the capability will later power YouTube's Ask YouTube feature.

Google DeepMindSep 1, 17:08 UTC · 15d agoAI tools & infra