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Mirai Variant Nexcorium Exploits CVE-2024
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A Deep Dive Into Attempted Exploitation of CVE-2023
Mirai-like botnet scans exploit TP-Link EOL router flaw CVE-2023-33538 after CISA KEV addition, though observed exploit code is flawed.
Unit 42 observed large-scale automated scans attempting to exploit CVE-2023-33538 in end-of-life TP-Link TL-WR940N, TL-WR740N and TL-WR841N routers after CISA added the flaw to its KEV catalog in June 2025. HTTP GET requests inject commands via the ssid1 parameter at the /userRpm/WlanNetworkRpm endpoint to download and execute an arm7 ELF binary, a Mirai variant related to the Condi IoT botnet. Firmware emulation and reverse engineering showed the observed exploits are flawed and would fail, but the underlying vulnerability is real and successful exploitation requires authentication to the router's web interface. TP-Link confirmed the devices are end-of-life with no patches available and recommends replacing units and eliminating default credentials.
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Week in review: Microsoft fixes exploited zero-day, Mirai botnets target unpatched Wazuh servers
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⚡ Weekly Recap: Zero-Day Exploits, Insider Threats, APT Targeting, Botnets and More
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CISA Flags Actively Exploited Ray Flaw That Can Trigger Browser
CISA added actively exploited Ray flaw CVE-2025-62593 (CVSS 9.4) to its KEV catalog; the DNS rebinding RCE has powered crypto-mining and DDoS botnet campaigns.
CISA added CVE-2025-62593 (CVSS 9.4) to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, citing active exploitation of a DNS rebinding-driven RCE flaw in the Ray distributed computing framework, fixed in version 2.52.0. The flaw stems from missing authentication on critical Ray endpoints and an insufficient User-Agent header guard, exploitable against developers running Ray in Firefox or Safari via malicious websites or ads. RondoDox botnet operators incorporated the PoC exploit before the November 26, 2025 disclosure, and unpatched GPU-equipped clusters were hijacked into self-replicating crypto-mining botnets in the ShadowRay 2.0 campaign. FCEB agencies must apply fixes by August 20, 2026.
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