How Hacker News ranking works: scoring, controversy, and penalties (2013)
A 2013 analysis of Hacker News reveals its gravity-based ranking formula and hidden penalties on NSA and controversial stories.
A detailed study of the top 60 Hacker News stories over several days in November 2013 found the published ranking formula is mostly accurate but supplemented by extensive manual and automatic penalties. Roughly 20% of front-page stories were penalized, including an automatic 0.4 penalty for any title containing "NSA" and severe "controversy" penalties after 40 comments. Popular domains like arstechnica.com, medium.com, and github.com received 0.25-0.8 domain penalties, and stories are reranked only when upvoted or via a random 30-second cycle among the top 50.