Most wanted malware in January 2019: A new threat speaks up
Vulnerabilities mentionedAll →
| CVE | Vulnerability | CVSS | EPSS | Flags | Affected | Exposure | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2014-0160 | Heartbleed: unauthenticated memory disclosure in OpenSSL TLS/DTLS heartbeat handling The flaw (CVE-2014-0160, widely known as 'Heartbleed') is an out-of-bounds read (CWE-125) in the TLS and DTLS implementations of OpenSSL, caused by improper handling of Heartbeat Extension packets. A remote, unauthenticated attacker triggers it by sending a crafted heartbeat request whose declared payload length exceeds the data actually sent, causing OpenSSL to copy up to roughly 64 KB of adjacent process memory into the response. The attacker gains chunks of process memory per request — potentially TLS private keys, session cookies, usernames and passwords — and can repeat the request to harvest more, typically without any trace in logs. Any server or client running a vulnerable OpenSSL release that enables TLS or DTLS heartbeats is affected, which at the time of disclosure included hundreds of thousands of internet-exposed HTTPS servers as well as appliances, load balancers, and bundled libraries. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the vulnerability is listed in CISA KEV (added 2022-05-04, required action: apply updates per vendor instructions) and EPSS assigns it the maximum 100% probability of exploitation within 30 days. Do: Apply OpenSSL updates per your OS or vendor's instructions — the upstream fix at the time of the 2014 disclosure was OpenSSL 1.0.1g, with most distributions shipping backported patches — and restart or rebuild every service linked against OpenSSL, including bundled copies in load balancers, appliances, and VPN or management interfaces. Because leaked memory can include TLS private keys, treat keys and certificates on affected endpoints as compromised: rotate keys, reissue and revoke certificates, and invalidate session cookies and credentials that may have leaked. Confirm the heartbeat fix is present on all TLS/DTLS endpoints to satisfy the CISA KEV required action. | — | 100% | KEV |
| mass≈500,000+ internet-exposed HTTPS servers at the time of disclosure, plus vastly larger embedded/library deployments | |
| CVE-2017-7269 | Buffer Overflow in Microsoft IIS 6.0 via WebDAV PROPFIND Header CVE-2017-7269 is a buffer overflow (CWE-119) in Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0, the web server shipped with Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2. A remote attacker triggers it by sending a WebDAV PROPFIND request whose overly long header begins with 'If: <http://', overflowing a buffer during header parsing. Successful exploitation allows remote code execution on the affected web server, giving the attacker control of the host at the web service's privilege level. Only organizations still running IIS 6.0 on Windows Server 2003 R2 are affected, typically legacy web servers, since that OS reached end of support in July 2015. The flaw is in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2021-11-03) and carries a 99.8% EPSS score (100th percentile), indicating active in-the-wild exploitation; no public PoC is recorded in this data and, because the OS is out of support, no generally distributed patch exists. Do: Inventory internet-facing systems still running IIS 6.0 on Windows Server 2003 R2 and prioritize migration to a supported Windows/IIS version, since no general patch was released for this out-of-support product (custom-support customers may be able to obtain a hotfix from Microsoft). As interim mitigation, disable WebDAV if it is not needed, or block or limit PROPFIND requests and long 'If' headers via IIS request filtering, a reverse proxy, or a WAF. Per the KEV entry, apply updates per vendor instructions; ransomware association is currently unknown. | 9.8 | 100% | KEV PoC ×5 |
| largetens of thousands of internet-exposed IIS 6.0 servers today (hundreds of thousands at the 2017 disclosure) |
Full article692 words · extracted from helpnetsecurity.com · click to collapse
Check Point’s Global Threat Index for January 2019 reveals a new backdoor Trojan affecting Linux servers, which is distributing the XMRig crypto-miner. The new malware, dubbed SpeakUp, is capable of delivering any payload and executing it on compromised machines.
The new Trojan currently evades all security vendors’ anti-virus software. It has been propagated through a series of exploitations based on commands it receives from its control center, including the 8th most popular exploited vulnerability, “Command Injection over HTTP”. Check Point’s researchers view Speakup as a significant threat, as it can be used to download and spread any malware.
In January, the top 4 most prevalent malware variants were cryptominers. Coinhive remains the top malware, impacting 12% of organizations worldwide. XMRig was once again the second most prevalent malware with a global impact of 8%, followed by Cryptoloot miner with an impact of 6% of organizations globally. While there are four cryptominers in January’s index, half of all malware forms in the top ten can be used to download further malware to infected machines.
“While January saw little change in the malware forms aimed at enterprises worldwide, we are beginning to see new ways to distribute malware. Threats like these are a stark warning of bigger threats to come. Backdoors like Speakup can evade detection and then distribute further, potentially more dangerous malware to compromised machines. Since Linux is used extensively in enterprise servers, we expect Speakup will be a threat that will grow in scale and severity throughout the year,” said Maya Horowitz, Threat Intelligence Group Manager at Check Point.
January 2019 top 3 most wanted malware
1. Coinhive – Crypto Miner designed to perform online mining of Monero cryptocurrency when a user visits a web page without the user’s knowledge or approval the profits with the user. The implanted JavaScript uses a great deal of the computational resources of end users’ machines to mine coins, and may crash the system.
2. XMRig – Open-source CPU mining software used for the mining process of the Monero cryptocurrency, and first seen in-the-wild on May 2017.
3. Cryptoloot – Crypto-Miner that uses the victim’s CPU or GPU power and existing resources for crypto mining – adding transactions to the blockchain and releasing new currency. It is a competitor to Coinhive, trying to pull the rug under it by asking a smaller percentage of revenue from websites.
January 2019 top 3 most wanted mobile malware
1. Hiddad – Modular Backdoor for Android which grants super user privileges to downloaded malware, as helps it to get embedded into system processes.
2. Lotoor – Hack tool that exploits vulnerabilities on Android operating system in order to gain root privileges on compromised mobile devices.
3. Triada – Modular Backdoor for Android which grants super user privileges to downloaded malware, as helps it to get embedded into system processes. Triada has also been seen spoofing URLs loaded in the browser.
Check Point researchers also analyzed the most exploited cyber vulnerabilities. CVE-2017-7269 remained in first place with a global impact of 47%. Following closely behind, Web Server Exposed Git Repository Information Disclosure was in second place and OpenSSL TLS DTLS Heartbeat Information Disclosure followed in third, impacting 46% and 45% of organizations around the world respectively.
January 2019 top 3 most exploited vulnerabilities
1. Microsoft IIS WebDAV ScStoragePathFromUrl Buffer Overflow (CVE-2017-7269) – By sending a crafted request over a network to Microsoft Windows Server 2003 R2 through Microsoft Internet Information Services 6.0, a remote attacker could execute arbitrary code or cause a denial of service conditions on the target server. That is mainly due to a buffer overflow vulnerability resulted by improper validation of a long header in HTTP request.
2. Web Server Exposed Git Repository Information Disclosure – An information disclosure vulnerability has been reported in Git Repository. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow an unintentional disclosure of account information.
3. OpenSSL TLS DTLS Heartbeat Information Disclosure (CVE-2014-0160; CVE-2014-0346) – An information disclosure vulnerability exists in OpenSSL. The vulnerability is due to an error when handling TLS/DTLS heartbeat packets. An attacker can leverage this vulnerability to disclose memory contents of a connected client or server.
Text extracted automatically; images, tables and formatting may be missing. Original: https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2019/02/14/most-wanted-malware-in-january-2019/