U.S. CISA adds six Microsoft Windows flaws to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
Vulnerabilities mentionedAll →
| CVE | Vulnerability | CVSS | EPSS | Flags | Affected | Exposure | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2025-24985 | Local Code Execution via Integer Overflow in Microsoft Windows Fast FAT Driver CVE-2025-24985 is an integer overflow (CWE-190) in the Windows Fast FAT file system driver that can lead to a buffer overflow condition (CWE-122) when the driver processes crafted FAT file system structures. Because the Fast FAT driver handles FAT-formatted storage, the flaw is triggered locally, most plausibly by mounting or interacting with a specially crafted FAT-formatted disk image or removable medium, with user interaction required per the CVSS vector. A successful exploit allows an unauthorized local attacker to execute code on the affected machine, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 3.1 base score 7.8, High). All Windows client versions from Windows 10 1507 through Windows 11 24H2 and Windows Server 2008/2012/2016/2019 are in the affected scope, meaning essentially any unpatched Windows system on those version lines is exposed. The flaw is being actively exploited: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-03-11, Microsoft fixed it in the March 2025 Patch Tuesday release as one of six actively exploited zero-days, and EPSS currently estimates a 3.8% chance of exploitation in the next 30 days (89th percentile); ransomware use is listed as unknown. Do: Install Microsoft's March 2025 Windows cumulative security updates on every affected Windows 10, Windows 11, and Windows Server host, and prioritize endpoints that mount untrusted removable media or disk images; federal agencies must apply the fix within the CISA BOD 22-01 deadline tied to the 2025-03-11 KEV listing. Until systems are patched, discourage or restrict use of untrusted FAT-formatted media and crafted disk images, and inventory your estate for the affected version branches (Windows 10 1507/1607/1809/21H2/22H2, Windows 11 22H2/23H2/24H2, Server 2008/2012/2016/2019). Because ransomware use is listed as unknown, treat this as a high-priority patch given active exploitation is confirmed. | 7.8 group max | 4% | KEV PoC |
| masshundreds of millions of unpatched Windows client and server systems worldwide (unknown precisely) |
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U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) adds six Microsoft Windows flaws to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added the following vulnerabilities to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog:
- CVE-2025-24983 Microsoft Windows Win32k Use-After-Free Vulnerability
- CVE-2025-24984 Microsoft Windows NTFS Information Disclosure Vulnerability
- CVE-2025-24985 Microsoft Windows Fast FAT File System Driver Integer Overflow Vulnerability
- CVE-2025-24991 Microsoft Windows NTFS Out-Of-Bounds Read Vulnerability
- CVE-2025-24993 Microsoft Windows NTFS Heap-Based Buffer Overflow Vulnerability
- CVE-2025-26633 Microsoft Windows Management Console (MMC) Improper Neutralization Vulnerability
Below are the descriptions of these flaws that Microsoft addressed with the release of Microsoft Patch Tuesday security updates for March 2025:
- CVE-2025-24983 (CVSS 7.0): A use-after-free vulnerability in the Windows Win32 Kernel Subsystem that enables authorized attackers to escalate privileges locally.
- CVE-2025-24984 (CVSS 4.6): An NTFS information disclosure flaw that lets attackers with physical access and a malicious USB device read portions of heap memory.
- CVE-2025-24985 (CVSS 7.8): An integer overflow in the Windows Fast FAT File System Driver allowing unauthorized local code execution.
- CVE-2025-24991 (CVSS 5.5): An out-of-bounds read vulnerability in NTFS that permits authorized attackers to access sensitive information.
- CVE-2025-24993 (CVSS 7.8): A heap-based buffer overflow in NTFS that allows unauthorized local code execution.
- CVE-2025-26633 (CVSS 7.0): An improper neutralization flaw in Microsoft Management Console that lets unauthorized attackers bypass security features locally.
ESET researchers, who discovered the vulnerability CVE-2025-24983, reported that the zero-day CVE-2025-24983 has been exploited since March 2023. The flaw enables attackers with low privileges to escalate to SYSTEM privileges but requires winning a race condition. The exploit, linked to the PipeMagic backdoor, has targeted unsupported Windows versions like Server 2012 R2 and 8.1 but also affects Windows 10 (build 1809 and earlier) and Server 2016.
According to Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities, FCEB agencies have to address the identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect their networks against attacks exploiting the flaws in the catalog.
Experts also recommend private organizations review the Catalog and address the vulnerabilities in their infrastructure.
CISA orders federal agencies to fix this vulnerability by April 1st, 2025.
A few days ago, U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added other Linux kernel and VMware ESXi and Workstation flaws to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
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