Apple Releases Patch for WebKit Zero-Day Vulnerability Exploited in Targeted Attacks

CVE-2025-24085 is a use-after-free memory corruption flaw (CWE-416) in multiple Apple operating systems that Apple addressed with improved memory management. It is triggered by a malicious application already running on a vulnerable device, which can exploit the flaw to elevate its privileges. An attacker who tricks a user into installing and running a malicious app could gain elevated rights beyond the app's sandbox. All users of unpatched iPhones, iPads, Macs, Apple TVs, Apple Vision Pro headsets, and Apple Watches are potentially affected, and CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-01-29. Apple has confirmed the issue was actively exploited against versions of iOS before iOS 17.2, indicating in-the-wild exploitation, though no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Update devices to iOS/iPadOS 18.3 (or iPadOS 17.7.6 on older devices), macOS Sequoia 15.3 / Sonoma 14.7.5 / Ventura 13.7.5, tvOS 18.3, visionOS 2.3, and watchOS 11.3 as soon as possible. Because Apple reports active exploitation against iOS versions before 17.2, treat any iPhone or iPad still below iOS 17.2 as at elevated risk and prioritize it for patching. Inventory Apple device fleets via MDM and confirm updated OS builds are deployed, given the CISA KEV listing and the ~18% 30-day EPSS score.

CVE-2025-24200 is an incorrect authorization flaw (CWE-863) in Apple iOS and iPadOS, caused by an authorization issue in state management that Apple resolved with improved state handling. An attacker with brief physical access to a locked device can exploit the flaw to disable USB Restricted Mode, the feature that locks down a locked iPhone or iPad's USB data port against accessories after a set period. This allows USB accessories, including data-extraction and attack peripherals, to communicate with the device while it remains locked, with a high confidentiality and integrity impact (CVSS 6.1, physical attack vector). Any iPhone or iPad user running a version prior to the applicable fixed release is affected, with fixes shipped in iOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11, iOS 18.3.1, iPadOS 15.8.4, iPadOS 16.7.11, iPadOS 17.7.5, and iPadOS 18.3.1. Apple reports the flaw may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals, and CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-02-12.

Do: Update iPhones to iOS 15.8.4, iOS 16.7.11, or iOS 18.3.1 and iPads to iPadOS 15.8.4, 16.7.11, 17.7.5, or 18.3.1 as applicable to each device's branch, checking Settings > General > Software Update for unmanaged devices. Because exploitation requires physical access, prioritize high-risk users (executives, journalists, government personnel), confirm no fleet devices remain on unpatched builds, and avoid untrusted USB accessories and charging ports until updated. CISA's KEV listing requires federal agencies to apply the vendor patch per the required action or discontinue use of the product.

CVE-2025-24201 is an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) in WebKit, the web rendering engine used across Apple's platforms, which Apple addressed with improved bounds checks. It is triggered by processing maliciously crafted web content, meaning a victim only has to load attacker-controlled web content in Safari or in any app that renders web content. A successful attacker can break out of the Web Content sandbox and perform unauthorized actions, an impact CISA scores at CVSS 10.0 (critical, scope-changing). Affected users include anyone running vulnerable versions of iOS, iPadOS, macOS Sequoia, Safari, visionOS, or watchOS; Debian Linux is also listed in the CPE data because Debian ships WebKit in its webkit packages. Apple reports the flaw may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on versions of iOS before iOS 17.2 (this patch is a supplementary fix for that previously blocked attack, extended to older branches), and the CVE was added to CISA's KEV catalog on 2025-03-13.

Do: Apply the vendor fixes immediately: Safari 18.3.1; iOS/iPadOS 18.3.2 (or 17.7.6, 16.7.11, or 15.8.4 on devices that cannot run the newest release); macOS Sequoia 15.3.2; visionOS 2.3.2; watchOS 11.4; and updated Debian webkit packages per Debian advisories. Because the CVE is in CISA's KEV catalog (added 2025-03-13), US federal agencies must patch per BOD 22-01, and all defenders should prioritize fleets with high-risk or frequently targeted users. Given the 'extremely sophisticated' targeted exploitation against individuals on iOS before 17.2, check whether targeted or high-value users' devices show indicators of compromise and ensure they are not left on older branches.