U.S. CISA adds SolarWinds Web Help Desk, Sangoma FreePBX, and GitLab flaws to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog

Sangoma FreePBX contains an improper authentication flaw (CWE-287) that potentially allows unauthorized users to bypass password authentication on services provided by the FreePBX admin. An attacker triggers it by sending requests to the FreePBX admin interface without valid credentials, defeating the password check rather than exploiting a code-level bug. Successful exploitation grants unauthorized access to FreePBX administrative services, which can expose PBX configuration and allow management actions under another user's privileges. Any Sangoma FreePBX deployment is affected (CISA lists the affected product as Sangoma FreePBX with no version ranges specified), with risk concentrated on systems whose admin interface is reachable from the internet or untrusted networks. The flaw was added to CISA KEV on 2026-02-03, confirming known in-the-wild exploitation; EPSS estimates a 36.6% chance of exploitation within 30 days (98th percentile), and no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions as required by CISA KEV, or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable; federal agencies must follow BOD 22-01 guidance, including for cloud services. Because the flaw bypasses admin authentication, restrict the FreePBX admin interface to trusted networks (VPN or firewall allowlists) and avoid exposing it directly to the internet. Review FreePBX admin access logs for unexpected successful logins or unexplained configuration changes from unknown sources.

CVE-2021-39935 is a server-side request forgery (CWE-918) in GitLab Community Edition and Enterprise Edition that allows unauthorized external users to make the GitLab server issue requests through the CI Lint API. By abusing the server's network position, an attacker can reach internal-only resources such as loopback or private-network services, potentially mapping or accessing internal infrastructure without credentials. All deployments of the affected editions are potentially exposed, with actual risk depending on whether the CI Lint API is reachable by unauthenticated external users. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-02-03, indicating known exploitation in the wild, though no public proof-of-concept is known and ransomware use is unconfirmed. EPSS estimates a 35.6% probability of exploitation within 30 days (98th percentile).

Do: Upgrade GitLab CE/EE to the patched release identified in GitLab's security advisory for CVE-2021-39935 (version numbers are not provided in the source data). Until patching is complete, restrict unauthenticated external access to the CI Lint API (e.g., at the reverse proxy or firewall) and review logs for unexpected requests to loopback or internal-network targets originating from CI lint calls. Federal agencies must follow BOD 22-01 remediation timelines following the 2026-02-03 KEV listing; discontinue or isolate use if mitigations are unavailable.

SolarWinds Web Help Desk contains a deserialization of untrusted data flaw (CWE-502) that allows an unauthenticated attacker to reach the vulnerable functionality over the network and have it deserialize attacker-supplied input. By sending crafted serialized data, the attacker triggers remote code execution and can run arbitrary commands on the host machine running Web Help Desk. Successful compromise grants control of the help desk server, and observed intrusions include attackers installing Zoho agents and Velociraptor for post-exploitation. Any organization running the product is affected, particularly instances exposed to the internet; the flaw carries a CVSS 9.8 (critical) score and federal agencies are under a CISA (BOD 22-01) patching deadline. The vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild and was added to the CISA KEV catalog on 2026-02-03, with an EPSS probability of 83.6% that it will be exploited within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade Web Help Desk to the latest patched release per the SolarWinds security advisory (the source data does not specify a fixed version number), and follow BOD 22-01 mitigations or discontinue use if mitigation is not possible, noting the federal patching deadline. Until patched, restrict internet-facing access to the Web Help Desk server. Check hosts for post-exploitation artifacts reported in the wild, such as unexpected Zoho agent installations and Velociraptor, and review logs for unauthenticated requests targeting the application.

Sangoma FreePBX's filestore module within the Administrative interface (described alongside the Endpoint Manager module) contains an OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) in its testconnection -> check_ssh_connect() function, affecting versions 17.0.2.36 and above before 17.0.3. An attacker who is already authenticated — CVSS 4.0 scoring indicates high privileges are required — can trigger the test-connection function to inject and execute arbitrary operating-system commands. Successful exploitation gives the attacker remote access to the system as the 'asterisk' user, and in observed attacks this has been leveraged to deploy a weaponized web shell. Any FreePBX deployment running the affected module versions is exposed; CISA added the flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-02-03, and public reporting ties it to web shell campaigns that have compromised 900+ FreePBX instances. EPSS currently assigns an 84.6% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile), underscoring the urgency of patching.

Do: Upgrade the filestore/Endpoint Manager module to version 17.0.3 or later via FreePBX module administration, following vendor instructions — CISA KEV/BOD 22-01 requires applying vendor mitigations or discontinuing use if mitigation is unavailable. Hunt for the weaponized web shell described in Fortinet's referenced research, unexpected files or processes running as the asterisk user, and suspicious activity through the Administrative interface, and restrict admin access to trusted users and networks until patched.