U.S. CISA adds Cleo Harmony, VLTrader, and LexiCom flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog
Vulnerabilities mentionedAll →
| CVE | Vulnerability | CVSS | EPSS | Flags | Affected | Exposure | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2024-50623 | Unauthenticated RCE via Unrestricted File Upload in Cleo Harmony, VLTrader, LexiCom CVE-2024-50623 is an unrestricted file upload and download flaw (CWE-434) in Cleo's managed file transfer products — Harmony, VLTrader, and LexiCom — before version 5.8.0.21. It is reachable over the network with no authentication or user interaction (CVSS 9.8, AV:N/AC:L/PR:N), letting an attacker send crafted requests that upload arbitrary files to the server. The unrestricted upload leads to remote code execution, giving the attacker full control of the host for staging, data theft, or ransomware, while the download capability risks exposure of business files the server moves with trading partners. Any organization running these products is affected, and managed file transfer servers are typically internet-facing and handle sensitive B2B data. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: CISA added it to the KEV catalog on 2024-12-13 with ransomware use noted, EPSS assigns a 98.6% probability of exploitation within 30 days, and the Clop ransomware gang has claimed dozens of breaches (some disputed), including a confirmed breach at WK Kellogg. Do: Upgrade Harmony, VLTrader, and LexiCom to 5.8.0.21 or later per vendor instructions; if upgrading is not possible, apply vendor mitigations or discontinue use of the product, as CISA's KEV entry requires. Prioritize internet-exposed instances, hunt for indicators of compromise (unexpected file writes and execution on the transfer host, new accounts, suspicious outbound connections), and restrict the service to trusted partner networks. Given known ransomware use by Clop, any suspected compromise should trigger checks for lateral movement and staged exfiltration of transferred files. | 9.8 | 99% | KEV ransomware |
| moderate≈1,000–3,000 internet-exposed Cleo servers (tens of thousands of enterprise deployments) |
Indicators of compromiseauto-extracted · verify before use · export allAll →
| Type | Indicator | Context |
|---|---|---|
| ipv4 | 5.8.0.21 | flaw. The experts warned that fully patched systems running 5.8.0.21 are still exploitable. Caleb Stewart, a Principal Security |
Full article379 words · extracted from securityaffairs.com · click to collapse
Pierluigi Paganini
December 14, 2024
U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) adds Cleo Harmony, VLTrader, and LexiCom flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog.
The U.S. Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) added the vulnerability CVE-2024-50623 (CVSS score 8.8), which impacts multiple Cleo products to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities (KEV) catalog.
“Cleo has identified an unrestricted file upload and download vulnerability (CVE-2024-50623) that could lead to remote code execution.” reads the advisory. “Cleo strongly advises all customers to immediately upgrade instances of Harmony, VLTrader, and LexiCom to the latest released patch (version 5.8.0.21) to address additional discovered potential attack vectors of the vulnerability. ”
The vulnerability affects the following products LexiCom before version 5.8.0.21, Harmony prior to version 5.8.0.21, and VLTrader prior to version 5.8.0.21.
On December 9, reports of active exploitation targeting Cleo file transfer software began circulating among cybersecurity community. Security firm Huntress publicly disclosed ongoing exploitation involving three different Cleo products.
“On December 3, Huntress identified an emerging threat involving Cleo’s LexiCom, VLTransfer, and Harmony software, commonly used to manage file transfers.” reads the post published by Huntress. “We’ve directly observed evidence of threat actors exploiting this software en masse and performing post-exploitation activity.”
Huntress researchers created a proof of concept and learned the patch does not mitigate the software flaw. The experts warned that fully patched systems running 5.8.0.21 are still exploitable.
Caleb Stewart, a Principal Security Researcher, developed a Python script exploiting an arbitrary file-write vulnerability. This script successfully placed files in the autoruns subdirectory, demonstrating the execution capability. The researchers tested the PoC against both LexiCom and VLTrader software, with versions 5.8.0.0 and the patched 5.8.0.21, confirming the exploit’s effectiveness.
Huntress researchers published Indicators of Compromise (IOCs) for attacks exploiting this vulnerability.
According to Binding Operational Directive (BOD) 22-01: Reducing the Significant Risk of Known Exploited Vulnerabilities, FCEB agencies have to address the identified vulnerabilities by the due date to protect their networks against attacks exploiting the flaws in the catalog.
Experts also recommend private organizations review the Catalog and address the vulnerabilities in their infrastructure.
CISA orders federal agencies to fix this vulnerability by January 3, 2025.
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(SecurityAffairs – hacking, CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog)
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