Amnesty Finds Cellebrite’s Zero-Day Used to Unlock Serbian Activist’s Android Phone

CVE-2024-50302 is a use of uninitialized resource flaw (CWE-908) in the Linux kernel's HID (Human Interface Device) core, where the shared report buffer was not zero-initialized at allocation. An attacker can trigger it by getting the kernel to process a specially crafted HID report, causing uninitialized kernel memory to be exposed to the requesting driver. The impact is an information disclosure: a local attacker, or a malicious/malfunctioning HID device, could leak kernel memory contents, which could in turn aid further attacks. Because nearly all Linux-based systems compile in HID support, affected code is present in Linux distributions, Android, and Siemens industrial products (SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP firmware and SINEC OS). The vulnerability is being actively exploited: CISA added it to the KEV catalog on 2025-03-04, and it is among the actively exploited flaws addressed in Google's March 2025 Android security update.

Do: Apply the fixes per vendor channels: install the March 2025 Android security update on Android devices (it is listed as actively exploited and is in CISA KEV, required under BOD 22-01 for federal agencies), and apply Debian kernel updates and Siemens (SIMATIC S7-1500 TM MFP firmware / SINEC OS) updates once issued. Operators should inventory systems running Linux kernels with the HID core (most systems) and prioritize patching, since a local attacker or malicious USB HID device can leak kernel memory; the fix zero-initializes the HID report buffer and is included in current stable kernel branches.

CVE-2024-53104 is an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) in the Linux kernel's uvcvideo (USB Video Class) driver: uvc_parse_format does not skip frames of type UVC_VS_UNDEFINED, but those frame types were not accounted for when sizing the frames buffer in uvc_parse_streaming. The flaw is triggered when the kernel parses format/frame descriptors from a USB camera device, so a crafted or nonconforming USB video descriptor can corrupt adjacent kernel memory. An attacker with local, low-privileged access (CVSS 3.1: AV:L/AC:L/PR:L, 7.8 High) can gain kernel memory corruption with high impact to confidentiality, integrity and availability, typically yielding local privilege escalation. Any Linux system or Android device running a kernel that ships the UVC driver is in scope, including Debian and other distributions built from affected kernel sources. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the vulnerability was added to CISA's KEV on 2025-02-05, Google fixed it as an actively exploited flaw in the March 2025 Android Security Update, and EPSS currently estimates a 3.4% (88th percentile) probability of exploitation over the next 30 days.

Do: Upgrade to a Linux kernel version that contains the uvcvideo fix (apply updated kernel packages from your distribution, e.g. Debian), and for Android devices install the March 2025 Android Security Bulletin patches or later. Follow the CISA KEV required action by applying vendor mitigations or discontinuing use if patches are unavailable. To gauge exposure on unpatched hosts, check whether the UVC driver is loaded (e.g. 'lsmod | grep uvcvideo') and restrict untrusted USB video devices until patched.

CVE-2024-53197 is an out-of-bounds access/write (CWE-787) in the Linux kernel's USB configuration handling, tied to the ALSA usb-audio driver's handling of Creative Extigy and Mbox devices. A malicious or bogus USB device that reports a bNumConfigurations value larger than the array allocated by usb_get_configuration causes the kernel to access memory beyond the end of dev->config, for example in usb_destroy_configuration. An attacker with local access — or the ability to plug a crafted USB audio device into a target — could corrupt or disclose kernel memory, with high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 7.8, local vector), typically as privilege escalation or a kernel crash. Any Linux deployment running a kernel with the vulnerable code is affected, including Debian systems. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-09, indicating known exploitation in the wild, though no public proof-of-concept is known and ransomware use is unconfirmed.

Do: Update the Linux kernel to a vendor release containing the CVE-2024-53197 fix — for Debian, install the current kernel security update and reboot; other distributions ship the patched kernel in their stable updates. Because exploitation requires a malicious USB audio device, restrict use of untrusted USB peripherals on sensitive or internet-adjacent hosts. Organizations subject to CISA BOD 22-01 must remediate this KEV-listed flaw per the required actions or discontinue use where mitigations are unavailable.