PAPAV framework compares computer-use and robot-use agents
Original title: Multimodal Embodied Agents: A Unified Capability-centric Perspective from Computer-Use to Robot-Use
Across 64 benchmarks, Act is explicitly evaluated, while only 5 assess Anticipate and 3 assess Verify.
The paper defines multimodal embodied agents as goal-directed systems that couple multimodal reasoning with physical action and revise decisions from feedback. PAPAV names five functions: Perceive, Anticipate, Plan, Act, and Verify, and uses them to compare these agents with computer-use agents and robotic systems. Five physical constraints, including partial observability and unverifiable outcomes, leave fewer choices fixed and less room to reverse errors. The authors argue progress should be measured across all five capabilities rather than task success alone.
- Anticipate and Verify are largely hidden behind task-success metrics.
- PAPAV is defined by function rather than by agent architecture.
- The paper frames open challenges from those physical constraints.
From the original article
1 min read at arxiv.orgMultimodal agents (MMAs) sustain interaction through reasoning, memory, tools, and feedback, most visibly as computer-use agents, while robotic systems (RSs) couple sensing and actuation under physical dynamics. We define multimodal embodied agents (MMEAs) as goal-directed systems that couple multimodal task reasoning with physical action and revise decisions from the resulting feedback.
By Yanzhe Chen · arxiv.org
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