Study finds undisclosed Hook charges on Uniswap v4 and PancakeSwap
Original title: An Empirical Study of Undisclosed Charges in Hook-Based Decentralized Exchanges
Across 7,873 Hooks and 50,011 pools, 24.30% can deduct extra amounts, recorded at $3.97M where token prices were available.
An empirical study of production Hooks on Uniswap v4 and PancakeSwap Infinity finds third-party contracts can deduct amounts that standard pool fee displays do not itemize. The dataset covers 7,873 Hook deployments, 50,011 pools, and 296 million pool events on Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain through August 1, 2026. Bytecode analysis separates Hook charges from swapped assets and standard fees. Direct settlement adjustment is supported by 71.37% of registered Hooks; 24.30% can impose undisclosed deductions, and those deductions appear in 59.23% of accounted swaps that use such Hooks, generating $3.97 million where prices were available.
Unconfirmed: The $3.97 million figure covers only Hooks with available token prices.
- Coverage is Ethereum and BNB Smart Chain through August 1, 2026.
- The study reconstructs 296 million pool events.
- Undisclosed deductions occur in 59.23% of accounted swaps using charging Hooks.
- Authors urge showing Hook deductions next to standard fees.
Impact: Traders pay Hook deductions omitted from standard fee displays
| Product | Affected |
|---|---|
| Uniswap v4 | — |
| PancakeSwap Infinity | — |
- 1.Treat Hook deductions as separate from displayed pool fees when reviewing swap cost.
- Vendors
- UniswapPancakeSwap
- Products
- Uniswap v4PancakeSwap Infinity
From the original article
1 min read at arxiv.orgMany decentralized exchanges use automated market makers (AMMs) to trade assets against liquidity pools. Modern AMMs allow third-party contracts, called Hooks, to customize this process. However, Hooks can impose additional deductions that fee breakdowns based on standard pool parameters do not itemize.
By Kai Ma · arxiv.org
A short excerpt; the article and its images belong to the publisher. Summary, key facts and assessment above are AI-written from the article and can be wrong.