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5 stories in the last 7d

Building a Linux GPU Driver for the M4 Mac Mini in One Month

Two developers built a fully OpenGL ES 3.0 compliant Linux GPU driver for the M4 Mac Mini in one month via clean-room reverse engineering.

Niklas and the author reverse engineered Apple's AGX GPU firmware ABI and user-space components in about a month, a process that normally takes years, producing an OpenGL ES 3.0 conformant driver fast enough to run Minecraft at 200fps on an M4 Mac Mini. The work was done transparently using hypervisor traces without examining Apple binaries, following clean-room practices, and included a custom shader compiler, command stream builder, and a full Linux kernel driver for the firmware ABI. The A18 Pro firmware ABI proved significantly more complex than the M1's, with 1.5x as many structs and twice as many pointers. All experiments and provenance evidence were published in public agx-re repositories.

SpliTEE: Improving LLM Inference on Trusted Hardware with Differentially Private GPU Outsourcing

SpliTEE splits LLM inference between Intel TDX trusted execution and untrusted GPUs, using differential privacy instead of encryption to protect intermediate representations.

SpliTEE extends split inference to LLMs, running inference partly inside an Intel TDX TEE while masking intermediate inputs sent to untrusted GPUs with differential privacy rather than encryption. The authors show a prompt-reconstruction attack recovers nearly 80% of prompts from unmasked intermediate representations, motivating the masking. A global sensitivity analysis bounds the required DP noise scale, avoiding quantization and keeping models in floating point. The implementation is nearly twice as fast as full CPU-based TDX inference and 5-15 seconds faster than encryption-based Slalom with higher accuracy, evaluated on Llama-3.2-3B and Qwen3-4B.

arXiv cs.CR · 3d agoResearch

GPUThor: Amplifying Rowhammer Attacks via Non-Uniform Patterns to Exploit ECC-Protected GPUs

GPUThor uses non-uniform hammering to amplify Rowhammer on NVIDIA GPUs, achieving 500X-23,500X more bit flips and first exploits of ECC-protected GPUs.

GPUThor is a Rowhammer attack on NVIDIA GPUs that reverse-engineers memory-access coalescing behavior to enable non-uniform hammering patterns activating aggressor rows more intensely than decoy rows. By identifying refresh instances where in-DRAM mitigations apply, it constructs longer patterns that escape mitigation across refresh intervals. It yields 500X to 23,500X more bit flips than prior GPU Rowhammer attacks across NVIDIA A4000, A4500, A5000, and A6000 GPUs, and enables the first Rowhammer exploits on ECC-protected GPUs via uncorrectable double and triple bit flips, making denial-of-service and privilege-escalation attacks practical.

arXiv cs.CR · 2d agoResearch

An Open-Source End-to-End FHE Implementation for Privacy-Preserving Llama 3 8B Inference

Odin runs Llama-3-8B fully homomorphic encrypted inference on a single H100 in 366 seconds, a 4.51x speedup over THOR.

Odin is an open-source end-to-end GPU CKKS implementation for privacy-preserving Llama-3-8B inference that co-designs ciphertext packing with model execution. A feature-major cross-layer layout unifies residual connections and layer interfaces, while transient intra-operator layouts serve linear projections and attention, avoiding intermediate repacking of QK^T softmax outputs. Minimax polynomial approximation with input-range control reduces polynomial degree and multiplicative depth for nonlinear ops. With 128-token input, Odin evaluates all 32 Transformer layers on one NVIDIA H100 80 GB in 366.4 s using 58.9 GiB peak memory, versus 1651.9 s for the THOR baseline, a 4.51x speedup.

arXiv cs.CR · 6d agoResearch

Forging Tree-Ring: Reproducing and Instrumenting Black-Box Semantic Watermark Forgery

Reprompt watermark forgery reproduces on Stable Diffusion XL using free-tier T4 GPUs, with forged images accepted by the genuine detector 5 of 6 times.

The authors reproduce the Reprompt forgery attack of Müller et al. against Tree-Ring watermarking on Stable Diffusion XL using the released code on free-tier dual T4 GPUs with 14.6 GB usable memory, versus the A40 hardware of the original study. Over six trials, the genuine detector flagged genuine images 6/6, clean images 0/6, and forged images 5/6, at 325-332 seconds per attack. They also recovered the detector's discarded non-central chi-square statistic and built two natural scores separating forged images from the clean null at AUC 0.861 and 0.972. The notebook, pinned fork, and all measurement artifacts are released with the paper.

arXiv cs.CR · 5d agoResearch