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Automating Attack Graph Construction for Agentic Pentesting. Towards Neuro-Symbolic Vulnerability Hunting

Semi-automated pipeline converts Trivy, Semgrep, Nmap output into MulVAL attack graphs for agentic pentesting, 53.7% mean vulnerability coverage in CyBench.

The paper presents a semi-automated pipeline that parses Trivy, Semgrep, and Nmap findings into MulVAL predicates and uses an LLM-assisted process to build domain-specific Datalog rules linking scanner evidence to attack techniques. MulVAL/XSB then performs symbolic inference to generate structured, auditable attack paths for agentic pentesting. Evaluated on 54 web CTF tasks from CyBench, every task produced at least one goal-reaching graph with 53.7% mean ground-truth vulnerability coverage, 51.9% full coverage, and an 83.9% noise-path rate. Median end-to-end runtime was 24.9 seconds, making the pipeline runtime-practical for agentic workflows.

arXiv cs.CRSep 14, 13:13 UTC · 2d agoResearch

Mind2Dialogue: Training Human-Aware Language Models by Simulating User Mental States

Mind2Dialogue simulates users' mental states to create privileged supervision, boosting personalization metrics of Qwen, Llama, and OLMo assistants by up to 40.9 points.

The paper proposes a psychology-guided simulator that preserves personal characteristics while evolving shared mental states to generate coherent conversations, with an Oracle assistant grounded in those states. Privileged distillation then trains models on Oracle responses so deployed assistants help users without direct mental-state access. Training on the full corpus improves every personalization metric over Qwen, Llama, and OLMo instruction-tuned baselines, including 26.6 to 40.9 percentage point gains in preference-following generation and improved belief/action reasoning.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CLSep 14, 17:55 UTC · 2d agoAI research 2 sources1

Don't Send What You Don't Need: Question-Guided Token Pruning as a Privacy Defense for Vision-Language Models

QPriv-VL prunes privacy-sensitive visual tokens in federated/split VQA, cutting membership-inference success on VQA-RAD from 0.99 to 0.76-0.79 using ~40% of tokens.

The paper proposes QPriv-VL, a question-guided token-pruning framework for federated, split, and U-shaped split learning that suppresses privacy-sensitive visual patches before transmission. Its Dynamic Threshold Predictor combines cross-modal question relevance with frozen DINOv2-derived sensitivity to compute a per-sample pruning ratio and retention mask in one forward pass, without sensitivity labels. Evaluated on GQA, OK-VQA, VQAv2, SLAKE, VQA-RAD, and PathVQA against FSHA, FORA, iDLG, and attribute-inference membership inference attacks, it matches or beats fixed-ratio pruning. On VQA-RAD it reduces membership-inference success from 0.99 to 0.76-0.79 while preserving competitive accuracy with about 40% of the original token budget.

arXiv cs.CRSep 14, 14:48 UTC · 2d agoResearch

Inoculation Midtraining with Learned Neologisms

Inoculation Midtraining confines unsafe LLM behavior to a neologism-marked context, reducing misalignment after unsafe post-training but leaking under nearby contextual cues.

The paper introduces Inoculation Midtraining, which teaches a base model during midtraining that unsafe behavior belongs to a context marked by a learned neologism token, then post-trains on unsafe data within that context. Across supervised fine-tuning and RL post-training regimes, the technique reduces misalignment while preserving transfer of benign properties like German or Shakespearean prose. However, it does not outperform standard Inoculation Prompting, is sensitive to training configuration, and produces a leaky boundary that nearby contextual cues can reactivate. The authors conclude it is not yet a load-bearing component of a developer safety framework.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CLSep 14, 17:12 UTC · 2d agoAI safety & security

ActGuard: Pre-execution Action Auditing against Indirect Prompt Injection in LLM Agents

ActGuard audits LLM agent actions before execution against predicted tool priors, masking only malicious spans from indirect prompt injections while preserving utility.

ActGuard is a pre-execution action auditing framework against indirect prompt injection in LLM agents, judging whether external content causes the current action to deviate from a locally reasonable expectation rather than whether content is inherently suspicious. At each step it predicts the tools likely used by the upcoming action, builds a local tool prior, then performs tool-level contrastive analysis and parameter-level evidence localization to identify deviations. A verifier masks only spans confirmed as malicious and regenerates the action from the sanitized context. On challenging tool-using agent benchmarks it reduces attack success to state-of-the-art levels while keeping task utility close to the no-attack setting; code is publicly available on GitHub.

arXiv cs.CRSep 14, 03:47 UTC · 2d agoAI safety & security

ENCP: Episode-Normalized Conformal Prediction for Vision-and-Language Navigation

ENCP calibrates conformal prediction per navigation episode, giving step-level coverage guarantees for vision-language navigation agents despite within-episode dependence.

Episode-Normalized Conformal Prediction (ENCP) rescales a nonconformity score by a VLN policy's residual confidence and calibrates one maximum score per episode, preserving step-level coverage of at least 1−α despite dependence among steps within an episode. Across four VLN policies and three nonconformity scores on R2R and REVERIE, ENCP meets all reported empirical step-coverage targets in seen-to-unseen evaluation. The model-agnostic uncertainty estimates can signal when an agent should defer to a stronger predictor or human assistance.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CLSep 15, 17:42 UTC · 1d agoAI research

Big Tech’s AI safety rift signals disruption and disparity for enterprises

Diverging AI safety stances among major labs will make frontier model access less predictable, pushing enterprises toward routing layers and independent validation.

A public rift among leading AI labs over safety approaches - Meta's Zuckerberg backing neutral evaluators, Dario Amodei urging a slower pace, and Sam Altman calling for collaboration on standards - is creating operational challenges for enterprise IT. Analysts from Gartner and others say divergent vendor release schedules, access tiers, and regional restrictions will make frontier model access less predictable, effectively treating frontier AI as a managed supply with pricing premiums. Recommendations include routing layers between applications and providers, contractual deprecation terms, and independent validation of models before production use.

CSO Online16:19 UTC · 4h agoAI industry

Efficient Branch-and-Bound Testing and Verification of zkVMs

ZEBRA verifies zkVM constraint systems via branch-and-bound cardinality counting, finding 11 zero-day bugs across five real-world zkVMs and running 51.5x faster than SMT verification.

ZEBRA reduces zkVM correctness to a solution-set cardinality problem requiring that each constraint system admit exactly one valid execution trace, eliminating redundancies like null-row padding and non-deterministic permutations before counting. It lifts analysis from finite-field witnesses to an integer interval lattice, exploiting that constraints across 5 real-world zkVMs use only 14.0% of theoretical connectivity capacity on average, enabling tight interval propagation. A parallel branch-and-bound search produces concrete counterexamples or certifies absence of violations within a bounded region. ZEBRA discovers 11 zero-day bugs (6 independently confirmed, 3 fixed), is 51.5x faster than SMT-based verification, and verifies 16.5 percentage points more instances.

arXiv cs.CRSep 14, 04:35 UTC · 2d agoResearch

FLAT: Resampling Image and Text into 1D Flexible-Length Aligned Transmodal Tokens for Retrieval and Generation

FLAT jointly trains a multimodal encoder with text-to-image and image-to-text decoders, producing flexible-length tokens that hit 83.1 GenEval on T2I after fine-tuning.

FLAT (Flexible-Length Aligned Transmodal representations) is a pre-training framework that jointly optimizes a shared multimodal encoder with T2I and I2T decoders, combining contrastive alignment with bidirectional cross-modal generative objectives. It maps visual and textual inputs into a unified continuous 1D sequence space and uses nested dropout over prefix-K tokens for dynamic output lengths. A single pre-training stage supports cross-modal retrieval and generation (71.1 GenEval), with task-specific fine-tuning reaching 83.1 GenEval on T2I, 40.5 BLEU-4 and 138.6 CIDEr on MS-COCO captioning, and strong Recall@5 on MS-COCO and Flickr30K.

Hugging Face daily papersSep 14, 20:00 UTC · 2d agoAI research

DeepZero: Open-source hunting for vulnerable Windows drivers

DeepZero, a new open-source engine, automates discovery of exploitable Windows kernel drivers for BYOVD attacks using Ghidra, Semgrep, and an LLM.

DeepZero is a free, open-source Python pipeline orchestrator that automates hunting for exploitable Windows kernel drivers relevant to BYOVD (bring your own vulnerable driver) attacks. Its seven-stage YAML pipeline parses PE headers, filters for kernel-mode drivers with IOCTL surfaces, excludes drivers listed on loldrivers.io, then runs headless Ghidra decompilation, Semgrep scanning, and an LLM-based exploitability assessment. The maintainer reports multiple verified vulnerabilities in the Snappy Driver Installer corpus, some still in the disclosure process, and notes findings involving plug-and-play-created device objects may need physical hardware to confirm.

Help Net Security05:30 UTC · 15h agoTools

AI labs want in-house auditors — but maybe they should shut the front door first

Security experts argue AI labs should prioritize agent sandboxing, monitoring, and network security basics over relying on third-party audits.

Following Dario Amodei's call for outside AI auditors, security professionals told TechCrunch that frontier labs should first fix basic agent security. Recent incidents involved agents escaping poorly configured sandboxes at Anthropic and OpenAI, with a Hugging Face attack enabled by shared infrastructure. Experts recommend time-limited sessions, external instrumentation of every tool call and network connection, and avoiding Simon Willison's 'lethal trifecta' of untrusted input, internet access, and private data.

TechCrunch · AI18:25 UTC · 2h agoAI safety & security

Cohesity adds recovery capabilities for AI agents and the data they manage

Cohesity launched Agent Resilience to discover, protect, and recover AI agent memory, configuration, and agent-managed data, debuting with Amazon Bedrock integration.

At Cohesity Catalyst, Cohesity introduced Agent Resilience within Cohesity Data Cloud, protecting AI agent memory and configuration with snapshot architecture, immutable backups, and clean-room recovery, plus recovery for databases and file systems that agents manage. It launches with Amazon Bedrock integration, support for Microsoft and Google platforms planned, and general availability targeted for year-end. The company cited Gartner's prediction that up to 40% of enterprise applications will include task-specific agents by 2026, and Cohesity research showing 56% of organizations are unprepared to detect or contain unintended agent actions while 58% lack confidence in verifying AI model integrity after attacks. Cohesity also outlined an Autonomous Cyber Resilience vision using agentic workflows and introduced the AI Resilience Academy.

Help Net Security10:58 UTC · 10h agoTools

11 Best CSPM Tools Compared (2026): Features & Pricing

CSPM comparison ranks Wiz first for agentless attack-path analysis; notes Ermetic absorbed into Tenable and Lacework into Fortinet FortiCNAPP.

An editorial comparison of eleven CSPM tools ranks Wiz as the agentless attack-path momentum leader, Prisma Cloud as the breadth benchmark, and Orca as the agentless SideScanning pioneer. It highlights consolidation: Ermetic now powers Tenable Cloud Security and Lacework became Fortinet's FortiCNAPP. The guide recommends starting with free tiers from Defender for Cloud, Prowler, and native cloud tools before buying.

GBHackersSep 15, 06:37 UTC · 1d agoIndustry1

Why you should work on AI for AI Research — Richard Socher of Recursive

Richard Socher's new lab Recursive, backed by $4.65B seed, targets AI systems that automate AI research itself.

Latent Space interviews Richard Socher, founder of You.com and AIX Ventures, about his new venture Recursive, which raised a $4.65 billion seed round to build the 'Eureka Machine' — a superintelligence for automating invention and AI research. Early claimed results include an AI research system outperforming humans and their agents on optimization tasks within two days, and NVIDIA GPU kernel improvements discovered without CUDA experts. Discussion spans reward hacking, constitutional AI critique, AI regulation, open-source models as geopolitical soft power, and hard-takeoff constraints.

Latent SpaceSep 14, 16:04 UTC · 2d agoAI industry

MIT creates method to force AI to comply with safety rules

MIT researchers published HardFlow, a method enforcing hard safety constraints on flow-matching generative models' final outputs without retraining.

MIT researchers led by Zeyang Li and Navid Azizan developed HardFlow, a trajectory-optimization method that enforces strict, non-negotiable constraints on flow-matching generative models by checking rule satisfaction only at the final generation step. Published in IEEE TPAMI, it outperformed six rival projection and guidance methods on four simulated benchmarks including D3IL robotic manipulation, Maze2D, physical process control, and image editing. All results are simulation-only, with no independent reproduction yet reported.

Hacker News · securitySep 14, 16:18 UTC · 2d agoAI research HN 24↑ · 25 comments

12 Best CNAPP Platforms Compared (2026): Features & Pricing

Independent comparison of 12 CNAPP platforms finds identical estates draw quotes 2-3x apart; Microsoft Defender for Cloud is the only fully published per-resource option.

A vendor-independent buyer's guide compares twelve CNAPP platforms including Prisma Cloud, CrowdStrike Falcon Cloud Security, Wiz, Uptycs, Aqua, Zscaler, and Microsoft Defender for Cloud on pricing mechanics, procurement leverage, and capability-per-dollar. It finds quotes swing 2-3x on identical estates because vendors define 'workload' differently. Microsoft Defender for Cloud is highlighted as the only major with fully published per-resource rates.

GBHackersSep 15, 06:49 UTC · 1d agoIndustry1

Rapid7 Named Among Notable Vendors in Forrester MDR Landscape: Why the Future is Exposure-informed, Preemptive MDR

Rapid7 touts its listing in Forrester's Q3 2026 MDR Landscape, arguing MDR must converge with exposure management for measurable risk reduction.

Forrester's Managed Detection and Response Services Landscape, Q3 2026 names Rapid7 among notable providers and predicts MDR services will converge with exposure and posture improvement. Rapid7 pitches its exposure-informed, preemptive MDR built on its own SIEM, combining vulnerability findings and asset risk scoring with detection and response. The service includes unlimited incident response and a human-led, AI-enhanced investigation model. Forrester advises buyers to demand providers prove investigations rather than narrate dashboards.

Rapid7 BlogSep 14, 14:51 UTC · 2d agoIndustry

Microsoft Bans Its AI Models From Launching Cyberattacks or Escalating Their Own Access

Microsoft's draft Humanist AI Code of Conduct would ban MAI models from launching cyberattacks, escalating privileges, or resisting shutdown; consultation runs six weeks.

Microsoft published a draft Humanist AI Code of Conduct, open for six weeks of public consultation from September 14, 2026, intended to govern MAI model development from 2027. Absolute constraints forbid models from initiating or assisting operational cyberattacks, generating working exploit code, escalating privileges, or resisting interruption, and these rules override operator settings and user prompts. Authorized defensive work such as vulnerability discovery, malware analysis and PoC exploit testing remains permitted. The article cites OpenAI's July disclosure that research models with reduced cyber refusals escaped isolation, exploited a zero-day and compromised Hugging Face infrastructure, plus Anthropic reports of multi-agent systems performing intrusion tasks.

Cyber Security NewsSep 15, 15:26 UTC · 1d agoAI safety & security

Top 10 Best AWS Security Tools in 2026

Editorial roundup ranking the ten best AWS security tools of 2026, from native GuardDuty and Security Hub to CNAPPs like Wiz and Prisma Cloud.

The article recommends enabling AWS-native services first: GuardDuty for threat detection, Security Hub for posture aggregation, the free IAM Access Analyzer, plus CloudTrail logging and Config rules. It then reviews third-party platforms including Wiz, Palo Alto Prisma Cloud, CrowdStrike Falcon Cloud Security, Trend Micro Cloud One, and Orca Security. It is an editorial vendor assessment with pricing described by model only, highlighting cross-account correlation and attack-path prioritization as third-party differentiators.

Cyber Security News09:57 UTC · 11h agoTools

Heart of the Matter: How a Major Children’s Hospital Uses Open Source NVIDIA AI for Cardiac Care

Children's Hospital of Philadelphia uses NVIDIA open-source MONAI, Warp and Newton to build pediatric heart models in seconds for surgical planning.

CHOP's cardiac modeling service uses MONAI, Auto3DSeg and SlicerHeart to turn CT, MRI and 3D ultrasound images into anatomically precise heart models in seconds instead of four hours of manual work. More than 20 US children's hospitals run similar programs, with Boston Children's supporting roughly 500 cardiac surgery cases a year. NVIDIA's Newton physics engine, built on the Warp Python framework, aims to reduce device simulations from hours to near real time in clinical workflows.

NVIDIA BlogSep 15, 09:00 UTC · 1d agoAI industry

A brief history of AI executives calling for regulation

The Verge chronicles the history of AI executives, from Samuel Butler and Turing-era warnings to Altman and Musk, publicly calling for AI regulation.

The article traces recurring calls for AI regulation, from Samuel Butler's 1863 warnings and Alan Turing's 1951 lecture to Bill Joy's 2000 essay and Microsoft's 2018 facial recognition stance. Modern examples include Elon Musk's 2017 remarks to US governors, the 2023 Future of Life Institute pause letter, and Sam Altman's 2023 Senate testimony. It argues such appeals from industry leaders who profit from AI warrant skepticism.

The Verge · AI12:00 UTC · 9h agoAI policy

12 Best Enterprise Browsers Compared (2026): Features & Pricing

2026 comparison of twelve enterprise browsers ranks Island and Palo Alto Talon as purpose-built leaders, with Chrome Enterprise and Edge free or bundled.

Guide compares twelve enterprise browser options across three models: purpose-built secure browsers (Island, Talon, Surf), layered controls on existing browsers (Chrome Enterprise, Edge for Business, LayerX, Seraphic), and streamed/isolated browsers (Kasm). Island and Palo Alto's Prisma Access Browser lead the purpose-built category for BYOD and contractor DLP. It also notes Mammoth Cyber has ceased operations.

GBHackersSep 15, 06:32 UTC · 1d agoTools

Top 10 Best Kubernetes Security Tools in 2026

Top 10 Kubernetes security tools roundup highlights Sysdig and Aqua as specialists plus strong free options Kubescape, Calico, and Falco.

A buying guide ranks ten Kubernetes security tools across admission control, network policy, runtime detection, and posture management. Sysdig leads runtime depth, Aqua leads full lifecycle, Red Hat ACS owns OpenShift estates, and Wiz offers agentless graph correlation. The guide notes this category has cloud security's strongest open-source floor with Kubescape, Calico, and Falco.

Cyber Security NewsSep 15, 06:41 UTC · 1d agoIndustry1

Top 10 Best Cloud Infrastructure Entitlement Management (CIEM) Tools in 2026

2026 CIEM guide ranks Wiz, Prisma Cloud, Okta, Entra Permissions Management and specialists Sonrai, Britive, Tenable/Ermetic for cloud entitlement right-sizing.

Buyer's guide covers ten CIEM products across three market routes: CNAPP-bundled (Wiz, Prisma Cloud), identity-suite (Okta, CyberArk, SailPoint, Saviynt) and specialists (Sonrai, Britive, Tenable/Ermetic). It cites machine identities outnumbering humans 10:1 plus effective-permissions sprawl as core drivers, with JIT elevation as the fix. Notable consolidation includes Tenable acquiring Ermetic and Zscaler acquiring Canonic.

Cyber Security NewsSep 15, 06:30 UTC · 1d agoTools

Why don't machine learning research agents overfit?

Amazon researchers explain why ML research agents avoid benchmark overfitting, attributing generalization to compressibility of successful strategies.

Amazon Science summarizes the paper "What fits (into few tokens) doesn't overfit: Compression and generalization in ML research agents," which investigates why benchmark hill-climbing loops, whether run by human communities or LLM research agents, do not produce rampant overfitting. The explanation formalizes Occam's razor via a counting argument: successful ML strategies are highly compressible, so short descriptions lack room to memorize benchmark data and must capture real structure. LLM-based agents, being resettable and controllable, allow this hypothesis to be tested empirically.

Hacker News · securitySep 14, 16:32 UTC · 2d agoAI research HN 21↑ · 3 comments