ZeroHour

Search: “StubMaker”

33 stories

Smart search ranks by meaning as well as keywords (one row per story, last 45 days).

16 Typosquatted RubyGems Packages Steal Browser Credentials and Crypto Wallets

Typosquatted RubyGems packages deliver the StubMaker infostealer, stealing browser credentials, crypto wallets, and Telegram data from Windows developers.

OpenSourceMalware discovered a typosquatting campaign on August 15, 2026, tracked as StubMaker, publishing 16 malicious RubyGems packages (e.g., ubnuler, brumdler, brundlef) that imitate popular Ruby dependencies. The gems use the extconf.rb install hook to fetch a 22 MB Rust-based loader from GitHub, which launches a Go-based stealer ("wincfg") containing a DLL that bypasses Chromium's app-bound encryption to extract browser credentials, payment cards, crypto wallets and seed phrases, and Telegram Desktop data. Stolen data is uploaded as a password-protected ZIP to Gofile, with the download link sent over plain HTTP. The same actor also deployed 37 typosquatted npm packages delivering the identical loader and infostealer, and abused RubyGems' namespace reuse to republish malicious versions of yanked gems.

The Hacker News · 26d agoMalware in the wild

Honeypot-Omaha and batch.py [Guest Diary], (Wed, Sep 2nd)

A SANS ISC guest diary describes batch.py, a Python tool that consolidates honeypot logs and enriches IOCs with threat intelligence data.

Written by a SANS.edu BACS intern, the diary explains analysis of the DShield Honeypot-Omaha sensor, which uses Cowrie to emulate SSH and Telnet and log attacker activity. The author's batch.py script implements a four-phase pipeline with SHA-256-generated master and guest authentication to consolidate JSON and log files, correlate data via external APIs, and produce MITRE, CVE, geolocation, threat-score and fingerprint enrichment for investigated indicators.

SANS Internet Storm Center · 13d agoTools1

Risky Bulletin: Academics find source code overlaps between Geedge and China's Great Firewall

Academics linked Chinese vendor Geedge Networks' Tiangou Secure Gateway source code to one of the Great Firewall's three traffic filtering capabilities.

US researchers presenting at USENIX Security reconstructed Geedge Networks' Tiangou Secure Gateway firmware from over 100,000 leaked files, including Git repositories with commit history, and matched its filtering behavior to sections of China's Great Firewall. They found only 1 of 3 characterized DNS injectors matched Geedge code, noted the system relies on memory-unsafe C components and copied third-party code, and said its bugs could aid future circumvention tools. Geedge also exports censorship tools to Kazakhstan, Ethiopia, Pakistan, and Myanmar. The newsletter additionally rounds up multiple breaches.

Risky Business News · 26d agoResearch2

FlashVector: Agent for Hierarchical Model Serving Stack Optimization

FlashVector agent optimizes all layers of Unity's ad-serving stack, delivering up to 2x model-server throughput and 1.98x latency speedup in production.

FlashVector is an agentic system that optimizes performance across GPU kernels, ML framework computation graphs, model servers, and on-demand feature processing. Deployed in Unity's Vector advertising platform, it achieved up to 2x model-server throughput increase, 1.98x latency speedup, and 1.6x feature-store throughput gain. Optimizations spanned NVIDIA Triton's C++ codebase and the Python feature transformation service, demonstrating extensibility beyond single-kernel tuning.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 15h agoAI research

Risky Bulletin: Slovakia finds Russian backdoor in traffic speed cameras

Slovakia's NBU found an SMS-triggered backdoor in Russian-made NERO R-ONE traffic cameras, pausing a 279-unit deployment.

Slovakia's national security service NBU issued an alert against NERO R-ONE high-speed traffic cameras after finding a backdoor that grants shell and network access via SMS from hardcoded Russian phone numbers. The cameras are a rebranded version of the Russian CORDON PRO.M model by St. Petersburg firm Semicon, purchased via a Cyprus shell company under a €30 million EU-funded project. The report also found SecureBoot disabled, vulnerable web management, and unauthenticated live streams; the Interior Ministry paused deployment of 279 cameras pending independent assessment.

Risky Business News · 28d agoThreat actor in the wild1

Best Practices for Good Endpoint Hardening | Huntress

Huntress outlines endpoint hardening best practices, citing exposed RDP, RMM tool abuse, and ClickFix social engineering as common SMB intrusion paths.

Huntress published defensive guidance on endpoint hardening for small and mid-sized businesses, drawing on observations from its SOC. The post describes common intrusion vectors: internet-exposed RDP brute-forced by automated scanners, phishing emails delivering attacker-controlled remote monitoring and management (RMM) tools, with Huntress reporting a 277% spike in RMM abuse in 2025, and ClickFix attacks using fake CAPTCHA pages that trick users into running malicious commands. Recommended controls include scanning for exposed RDP, SSH, and VPN interfaces, removing unneeded local admin rights, enabling Windows Defender tamper protection, disabling SMBv1, and standardizing on one approved remote access tool, guided by CIS and NIST frameworks.

Huntress · 5d agoAdvisory

The VMs Powering Mobile Agents (Instinct, Claude Code)

A teardown reveals Claude Code runs in Firecracker microVMs with a Rust PID 1 and MITM'd egress, while Instinct rents E2B sandboxes with git-based memory.

The author inspects the virtual machines hosting cloud agents: Claude Code runs in a Firecracker microVM with a custom Rust init (process_api) as PID 1, a 324 MB Bun harness on a read-only disk, and 443-only MITM'd SSE egress to api.anthropic.com with host-rotated OAuth tokens and no inbound access. Instinct rents E2B sandbox-as-a-service Firecracker microVMs (Ubuntu 22.04, 2 vCPU, 1.9 GB RAM) where agent memory is a git repo of Markdown committed by the agent and pushed to S3 as a single bundle, using short-lived STS credentials. Both platforms rely on Firecracker, differing mainly in fleet operator and guest boot configuration.

Redtail Payload Analysis [Guest Diary], (Wed, Sep 9th)

SANS guest analyst detonated a RedTail Linux sample from a DShield honeypot, finding process masquerading as php-fpm, monitoring-kill behavior, and a TCP listener.

A DShield honeypot captured multi-architecture RedTail Linux executables (ARM, ARM64, i686, RISC-V, x86-64) deployed via shell scripts. Dynamic analysis of the UPX-packed, statically linked x86-64 sample (SHA-256 63be5f38...d35e) in an isolated Ubuntu 24.04 VM on Proxmox showed it renamed its process via prctl(PR_SET_NAME), killed a filesystem-monitoring process, and opened a TCP listening socket while surviving processes posed as php-fpm or PostgreSQL-like workers. Differential memory images pre- and post-execution were captured from the hypervisor for forensics.

SANS Internet Storm Center · 5d agoMalware in the wild 2 sources1

TokenRhythm/NeoHorse-1-4B — new model trending #30 on Hugging Face

TokenRhythm releases NeoHorse-1-4B, an Apache-2.0 agentic fine-tune of Qwen3.5-4B claiming +5.93 benchmark macro-average gain.

NeoHorse-1-4B is a roughly 4B-parameter text-only causal language model post-trained by TokenRhythm from Qwen/Qwen3.5-4B for agent harnesses, tool use, coding, and instruction following. It applies routing-guided curriculum SFT and routing-guided on-policy distillation over execution trajectories as an early prototype toward recursive self-improvement (RSI). The release reports a 64.87 macro average across ten benchmarks versus 58.94 for Qwen3.5-4B (+5.93) and is distributed under Apache-2.0, trending #30 on Hugging Face.

Hugging Face trending models · 10d agoModel release1

DPRK APTs: Ted backdoor and curlRAT target South Korean media and automotive sectors

Rapid7 uncovered a DPRK-linked Linux toolkit using a HAProxy-embedded ted backdoor, SSH keylogger, and curlRAT against South Korean media and automotive firms.

Rapid7 Labs identified a previously undocumented framework attributed with medium confidence to DPRK actors, targeting South Korean automotive and media organizations likely since early 2025. The toolkit embeds a backdoor compiled into HAProxy 2.8.12 using its filter API, plus trojanized crond, agetty, atd, sshd, and polkitd, an SSH keylogger storing credentials under /var/lib/sshd/, and a curl-based RAT with a watchdog thread. It enables remote command execution, malicious script injection into served webpages (a watering-hole loop), credential harvesting, and long-term surveillance. Hardcoded C2s are associated with APT37 via ThreatFox, and exposed groupware portals and mail servers align with Kimsuky tradecraft; the initial access vector and any CVE remain unconfirmed.

Rapid7 Blog · 11d agoThreat actor in the wild1

THost9 Android RAT Pairs Packed Loader With ADB Worm

Dark Atlas details THost9, a packed Android RAT paired with an ADB worm that installs itself on devices with exposed Android Debug Bridge services.

Dark Atlas researchers described the Hagaseca cluster, whose THost9 packed loader hides executable code in an embedded asset decoded with single-byte XOR and gzip before loading a tc9.dex second stage. The second stage adds shell execution, file transfer, tunneling, reverse shells, downloadable modules and a self-propagating ADB worm that expands single addresses into 65,025-host scan ranges. Newer builds include anti-analysis checks for Frida, and incident reports connect THost9 and THost4 to Android phones and Redroid containers with exposed ADB from October 2024 through 2026.

Infosecurity Magazine · 7d agoMalware in the wild

FrostyGoop’s Zoom-In: A Closer Look into the Malware Artifacts, Behaviors and Network Communications

Unit 42 dissects FrostyGoop OT malware, which sent Modbus TCP commands to disrupt heating for 600+ apartment buildings in Ukraine.

Palo Alto Unit 42 analyzed new FrostyGoop/BUSTLEBERM samples, the ninth known ICS-centric malware, first used against a Ukrainian municipal energy company by sending Modbus TCP commands to ENCO control devices. The attack caused a two-day heating outage affecting over 600 apartment buildings during sub-zero temperatures. The Go-compiled malware accepts Modbus register operations and timing parameters via command-line arguments or a JSON configuration file, uses an obscure open-source Modbus library, and checks the Windows BeingDebugged flag to evade debuggers. Unit 42 telemetry recorded over 1 million Modbus TCP devices exposed to the internet between September and October 2024.

Palo Alto Unit 42 · 27d agoMalware in the wild

MIT creates method to force AI to comply with safety rules

MIT researchers published HardFlow, a method enforcing hard safety constraints on flow-matching generative models' final outputs without retraining.

MIT researchers led by Zeyang Li and Navid Azizan developed HardFlow, a trajectory-optimization method that enforces strict, non-negotiable constraints on flow-matching generative models by checking rule satisfaction only at the final generation step. Published in IEEE TPAMI, it outperformed six rival projection and guidance methods on four simulated benchmarks including D3IL robotic manipulation, Maze2D, physical process control, and image editing. All results are simulation-only, with no independent reproduction yet reported.

Homebrew 7.0.0 Adds Built-In Vulnerability Scanner and Stronger Package Sandboxing

Homebrew 7.0.0 ships a native brew vulns scanner, OSV-backed advisory database, stronger sandboxing, and fixes a sandbox-escape issue.

Homebrew 7.0.0 introduces a built-in 'brew vulns' command that scans installed formulae, dependencies, and Brewfiles against a new Homebrew-specific advisory database and OSV.dev data, distinguishing backported fixes from outdated versions. The release hardens sandboxing by blocking home-directory reads during builds, disabling network access at install time, and replacing Bubblewrap with Landlock on Linux. It also fixes moderate-severity GHSA-5263-whxq-77hp, where a malicious cask could execute code outside the macOS sandbox via LaunchServices, and drops macOS Catalina while moving Intel Macs to Tier 3.

Cyber Security News · 17h agoTools

Advanced WildFire Archives

Palo Alto Networks describes Advanced WildFire as its cloud malware analysis engine using machine learning and crowdsourced intelligence.

The Unit 42 blog page is a product category archive for Advanced WildFire. The description calls it the industry's largest cloud-based malware analysis and prevention engine, using machine learning and crowdsourced intelligence to detect hard-to-catch threats. No research findings, incidents, or vulnerabilities are discussed.

Palo Alto Unit 42 · 7d agoIndustry 6 sources

Jackrong/Qwopus3.8-27B-Flash-GGUF — new model trending #26 on Hugging Face

Community fine-tune Qwopus3.8-27B-Flash, built on Qwen3.8-27B, cuts agent reasoning latency with 12.8% faster decoding and 80.7% MTP acceptance.

Jackrong released Qwopus3.8-27B-Flash, a fine-tune of Qwen3.8-27B optimized for long-running agent workloads, reporting 12.8% faster decoding and 80.7% multi-token-prediction acceptance. Training used roughly 1.5 million teacher-scored SFT examples filtered to the top 10%, followed by reinforcement training with NVIDIA NeMo-RL and GSPO. The author notes an explicit trade-off: MMLU-Pro mixed-set scores are lower than the base model, and a known bug can produce incorrect Python indentation. Author-provided benchmarks have not been independently verified.

Hugging Face trending models · 11d agoModel release1

DeepSeek v4.1 Flash Uncensored

Hugging Face user dealignai published an uncensored FP8-quantized variant of DeepSeek v4.1 Flash, drawing moderate Hacker News attention.

A community-published uncensored FP8 quantization of DeepSeek v4.1 Flash appeared on Hugging Face under user dealignai. The release is a third-party upload rather than an official DeepSeek launch, and no benchmark data or license details are provided in the listing. It received limited visibility, with 43 points and 11 comments on Hacker News.

DeepSeek Harness Flaw Let AI Agents Disable Their Own File Sandbox Without Approval

DeepSeek Harness (CVE-2026-82533, CVSS 9.4) let AI coding agents disable their own sandbox via an unauthenticated local API; fixed in 0.1.2-alpha.2.

DeepSeek Harness versions 0.1.1-rc.2 and earlier allowed a sandboxed AI coding agent to turn off its own OS sandbox by calling the tool's unauthenticated local web interface, tracked as CVE-2026-82533 with a 9.4 CVSS from VulnCheck. A single command set the agent session to danger-full-access mode, removing sandboxing and approval prompts, and OX Research verified writes escaped the workspace. The interface trusted the client-supplied Host header with no authentication and could also return a session's entire conversation log. The fix adds a one-time token and signed-cookie check; the first npm release carrying it is 0.1.2-alpha.2, with 0.1.2-rc.1 current.

The Hacker News · 6d agoAI safety & security in the wildCVE-2026-82533

OpenBMB Releases MiniCPM5-2B: A 2.52B Dense Model Averaging 53.9 Across 34 Benchmarks and Built to Run On Device

OpenBMB released MiniCPM5-2B, a 2.52B-parameter Apache 2.0 on-device model averaging 53.9 across 34 benchmarks, ahead of Qwen3.5-4B.

OpenBMB released MiniCPM5-2B, a 2,516,756,480-parameter dense LlamaForCausalLM model with grouped-query attention and a 131,072-token context, under Apache 2.0, runnable via vLLM, SGLang, llama.cpp, and Ollama. It averages 53.9 across 34 benchmarks versus 51.1 for Qwen3.5-4B, with strong tool-use (97.1 on tau2-Bench Telecom) and code results (69.1 LiveCodeBench v6, 46.4 SWE-bench Verified). Training combined 400B tokens of deep-thinking SFT, critic-based JustRL II RL teachers, and on-policy distillation merging 16 RL experts; datasets and intermediate checkpoints were published alongside the weights.

MarkTechPost · 8d agoModel release

[AINews] DeepSeek v4.1-Flash: 763B-P8B-D16B novel causal Encoder–Decoder architecture with vision marks the Return of the Whale

DeepSeek released V4.1-Flash, an open-weight 763B-parameter model with a novel causal encoder-decoder architecture, 1M context, vision input, and MIT license.

DeepSeek launched V4.1-Flash, an open-weight MIT-licensed model using a novel causal encoder-decoder architecture with 763B total parameters and asymmetric active parameters: 8B for prefill and 16B for decode. It supports 1M-token context and text+image input, priced at $0.30 per 1M input and $1.20 per 1M output tokens with a 50% off-peak discount. Artificial Analysis scored it 40 on its Intelligence Index, above DeepSeek V4 Pro 0813, and Vals ranked it the #1 open-weight model ahead of Kimi K3. Baseten shipped day-0 support and Ollama began rolling it out to paid subscribers.

Latent Space · 4d agoModel release1

New Ted Backdoor Hides Inside Victims' Own HAProxy Builds to Intercept Web Traffic

Rapid7 found a new backdoor, ted, compiled into trojanized HAProxy at two South Korean organizations, with medium-confidence attribution to North Korean actors.

Rapid7 documented a previously undocumented Linux toolkit named ted compiled into the HAProxy load balancer binaries of two South Korean organizations in the automotive and media sectors. The implant intercepts web traffic, serves altered pages only to filtered visitors, and hides C2 exchanges from backend logs and HAProxy statistics; a companion RAT, curlRAT, beacons on a default 12-hour schedule. The toolkit also trojanizes crond, sshd, agetty, atd, and polkitd binaries and sanitizes logs and bash history. Rapid7 attributes the activity with medium confidence to North Korean state-sponsored actors, with domain infrastructure overlapping APT37 listings in maltrail and delivery resembling the Operation SyncHole campaign.

The Hacker News · 11d agoThreat actor in the wild

Quoting Rick Brewster

Paint.NET added a clean-room Direct2D rewrite for WINE, largely written by Anthropic's Claude and described as unreviewed 'vibe coded' code.

Rick Brewster says Paint.NET now ships a from-scratch, reverse-engineered Direct2D implementation (PaintDotNet.Windows.Direct2D1.Managed.dll) used under WINE via a /wine flag, since Direct2D was never completed well enough there. He credits the Claude coding assistant with writing most of the code, calling it largely 'vibe coded' and not thoroughly reviewed. Simon Willison shared the quote as an example of shipping AI-assisted systems code in production software.

Simon Willison · 14d agoAI tools & infra1

Local Privilege Escalation (LPE) in FolkPatch due to Hardcoded Default SuperKey

A hardcoded default SuperKey in FolkPatch, an APatch-based kernel patching tool, enables local privilege escalation limited to FolkPatch's downstream code.

A disclosure posted to the oss-security mailing list describes a local privilege escalation (LPE) in FolkPatch caused by a hardcoded default SuperKey. FolkPatch is a downstream project based on APatch that utilizes its own custom KernelPatch. According to the post, the vulnerability is specific to FolkPatch's downstream modifications rather than upstream APatch or KernelPatch code.

oss-security · 3d agoVulnerability1

MacSync Stealer: How a Google Search for Claude Led to a macOS Infostealer

Huntress dissects MacSync Stealer, a macOS infostealer delivered through fake Claude Code download pages in Google search results.

Huntress SOC analysts published a reverse-engineering analysis of MacSync Stealer, a macOS infostealer distributed through fraudulent Claude Code download pages surfaced via web searches. Users searching for Anthropic's Claude coding tool are redirected to fake download pages that install the stealer, abusing developer trust in popular AI tooling. The writeup covers the analysis of the sample and its delivery chain.

Huntress · Aug 17, 2026Malware in the wild

MicroHasTEE: Bare-Metal Haskell for Type-Level Peripheral Ownership on Armv8-M

MicroHasTEE expresses TrustZone secure and non-secure firmware as one typed Haskell program, catching peripheral-ownership inconsistencies at compile time.

MicroHasTEE is a multiparty Haskell framework that models both TrustZone firmware images as participants in a single typed program, using type-level capability ledgers to track peripheral acquisition, configuration, transfer, and finalization. MicroHs compiles the shared program twice to produce separate bare-metal Secure and Non-secure firmware images. The framework rejects inconsistent resource use, post-configuration attribution changes, wrong-domain callbacks, and calls to unregistered Secure services. A door-lock case study on an STM32U5 Nucleo board produced images of 232.7 KiB and 228.4 KiB of flash with roughly 220 KiB of SRAM per domain.

arXiv cs.CR · 4d agoResearch1

The Coding-Agent Trap: When a "Free" LLM Endpoint Is the Adversary, (Mon, Aug 31st)

A SANS honeypot caught a real coding-agent session routed to a rogue "free" LLM endpoint, exposing a Windows user's transcript and tool outputs.

A SANS analyst describes how an internet-exposed inference honeypot was discovered, relabeled with sought-after model names like DeepSeek, and enrolled in infrastructure serving "free" LLM backends. On 2026-08-30 an opencode terminal coding agent sent an 88-message, 224 KB transcript 210 times in 91 seconds via a China Unicom relay, exposing directory listings, tool outputs and read file portions. The analyst frames tool-enabled agents treating model endpoints as trusted control planes as a novel risk — a "rogue model endpoint" that could request tool executions on the user's machine.

SANS Internet Storm Center · 15d agoAI safety & security1

ANY.RUN & SentinelOne: One Workspace, Instant Context for Rapid Responsenew

ANY.RUN integrates its interactive sandbox, IOC lookups, and STIX/TAXII threat feeds natively into SentinelOne for faster automated malware triage.

ANY.RUN and SentinelOne launched connectors that embed interactive sandbox analysis and threat intelligence into the SentinelOne console via Singularity Hyperautomation. Suspicious files and URLs from alerts are automatically submitted to the ANY.RUN sandbox, with behavioral verdicts and risk scores returned into alert notes. On-demand IOC lookups draw on sandbox history from 16,000 organizations and 700,000 analysts. A separate STIX/TAXII feed streams verified malicious IPs, domains, and URLs through the SentinelOne Marketplace TAXII Connect app.

ANY.RUN · 1h agoTools

CertiFlash: A Formal Verification Framework for Flash Translation Layers in Computational Solid State Drives

CertiFlash provides machine-checked formal verification of SSD flash translation layers, proving isolation, integrity, and ownership invariants to prevent tenant data leaks.

CertiFlash is an open-source formal verification framework for Flash Translation Layers (FTL) in computational SSDs, mechanized in the Rocq proof assistant. It shows that a faulty FTL can corrupt device state at five surfaces (e.g., leaking data between tenants or dropping integrity tags), demonstrated on a DaisyPlus OpenSSD. Designers prove once that every operation of a general FTL model preserves a global invariant covering mapping, isolation, integrity, ownership, and allocation; new designs need only discharge five hypotheses. Across four case studies, added effort was 27-3,231 lines against a 16,489-line framework.

arXiv cs.CR · 6d agoResearch1

Wiz Red Agent Finds Its Way Into Snowflake’s Internal Jira Through a Flaw in a GitHub Copilot–Assisted PR

Wiz's autonomous Red Agent found and exploited a GitHub Actions injection in a Copilot-assisted PR, reaching Snowflake's internal Jira without human help.

Wiz's Red Agent autonomously discovered a GitHub Actions injection flaw in a GitHub Copilot-assisted pull request, five days after the flaw went live. It exploited the flaw to validate access to sensitive data in Snowflake's internal Jira, bypassing detection by GitHub Advanced Security, and assessed the blast radius without human intervention. The exercise demonstrates agentic AI performing end-to-end offensive security operations against production systems.

Wiz Blog · 29d agoAI safety & security1

Hackers Abuse VSSAdmin to Extract NTDS.dit and Delete Windows Recovery Copies

Huntress details intruders using PsExec and VSSAdmin on domain controllers to steal NTDS.dit credentials and delete shadow copies before ransomware.

Huntress analysts identified attackers launching SYSTEM-level command shells via PsExec on a domain controller, then running 'vssadmin create shadow' to snapshot and copy the NTDS.dit Active Directory database. Shadow copies were later deleted to destroy local recovery options ahead of a likely ransomware stage. Huntress recommends correlating VSS creation/deletion events with remote execution, DNS enumeration, and lateral movement rather than alerting on any single VSS event.

Cyber Security News · 23h agoThreat actor in the wild

Rust Supply Chain Attack on arrayref: Significant Overlap with DPRK Campaigns

Malicious versions of the Rust crate arrayref executed a compile-time backdoor, with infrastructure overlapping recent DPRK supply chain attacks on Mastra and axios.

Wiz researchers report that malicious versions of the arrayref Rust crate ran a backdoor during compilation, compromising developer build pipelines. The campaign's command-and-control infrastructure significantly overlaps with infrastructure used in recent DPRK supply chain attacks, including campaigns against Mastra and axios. Developers using affected crate versions should audit their builds and review dependencies.

Wiz Blog · 26d agoThreat actor in the wild1

RMM Abuse: How Attackers Exploit Remote Access Tools | Huntress

Huntress reports RMM tool abuse jumped 277% and now appears in nearly 40% of its investigations as attackers leverage trusted remote access software.

Huntress observed a 277% increase in remote monitoring and management (RMM) tool abuse, with such abuse now present in nearly 40% of its investigations. Attackers exploit legitimate, trusted remote access tools to gain access and persistence, complicating detection because the software is expected on endpoints. The write-up explains common abuse patterns and defenses against them.

Huntress · 25d agoThreat actor in the wild