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ZDI-26-672: Adobe Acrobat Reader DC PDF File Parsing Integer Underflow Information Disclosure Vulnerability

ZDI disclosed CVE-2026-81977, an integer underflow in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC PDF parsing that enables sensitive information disclosure.

Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-26-672 reports an integer underflow in PDF file parsing in Adobe Acrobat Reader DC. A remote attacker could disclose sensitive information, but exploitation requires the victim to open a malicious file or visit a malicious page. The flaw carries a low CVSS score of 3.3. No exploitation is reported.

ZDI Published Advisories · 6d agoVulnerability 19 sourcesCVE-2026-81977

Apple Xcode Integer Underflow Flaw Lets Crafted Archives Leak Memory and Crash Builds

Researchers disclosed an integer underflow in Apple's Mach-O archive parser that lets crafted static libraries crash Xcode builds or leak process memory.

SecureLayer7 disclosed an integer underflow in the mach_o::Archive::Entry::name() function in Apple's open-source dyld project, reported to Apple Product Security on May 23, 2026, with no public patch after more than 90 days. Crafted static archives (.a files) cause the parser's unsigned index to wrap to SIZE_MAX, producing SIGSEGV crashes in the ld-prime linker, out-of-bounds reads that may print adjacent memory to stderr, or SIGABRT in libtool and ranlib. The modern parser is used by ld-prime, the default linker for arm64, arm64e, and x86_64 since Xcode 15, while legacy ld-classic is unaffected. Crafted archives need only be processed, creating supply-chain risk via vendored SDKs, binary dependencies, and CI pipelines.

GBHackers · 6d agoVulnerability1

ZDI-26-655: PAPPL Printer IPP Processing Stack-based Buffer Overflow Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

ZDI-26-655: Stack-based buffer overflow in PAPPL printer IPP processing enables local privilege escalation, rated CVSS 7.8.

The Zero Day Initiative published advisory ZDI-26-655 for PAPPL. A stack-based buffer overflow in printer IPP processing allows local attackers to escalate privileges after obtaining low-privileged code execution. ZDI assigned a CVSS 7.8 rating. No CVE identifier was listed in the advisory text.

ZDI Published Advisories · 6d agoAdvisory 2 sources1

CVE-2026-91752: GNU libextractor < 1.15 Stack Overflow via OLE2

GNU libextractor before 1.15 has a stack-based buffer overflow (CVE-2026-91752) in its OLE2 parser, triggerable via crafted files.

A stack-based buffer overflow was identified in GNU libextractor's OLE2 plugin in versions prior to 1.15, assigned CVE-2026-91752. The flaw resides in the process_star_office function, which sizes a variable-length stack array using attacker-controlled OLE2 stream data. Attackers can craft malicious OLE2/StarOffice files to trigger the overflow. The issue was disclosed on the oss-security mailing list by researcher Haitam Lazaar on September 16, 2026.

oss-security · 3h agoVulnerability 2 sourcesCVE-2026-91752

ZDI-26-635: Oracle Outside In Technology PDF File Parsing Integer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

ZDI disclosed CVE-2026-60392, an integer overflow in Oracle Outside In PDF parsing enabling remote code execution, rated CVSS 7.8.

The Zero Day Initiative published advisory ZDI-26-635 describing an integer overflow vulnerability in PDF file parsing within Oracle Outside In Technology. Successful exploitation allows remote code execution but requires user interaction, such as opening a malicious file or visiting a malicious page. ZDI assigned the flaw a CVSS rating of 7.8.

ZDI Published Advisories · 7d agoAdvisory 4 sourcesCVE-2026-603921

ZDI-26-613: (0Day) pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Memory Corruption Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

ZDI published ZDI-26-613, an unpatched memory corruption flaw in pdfforge PDF Architect PDF parsing enabling remote code execution (CVSS 7.8).

The Zero Day Initiative disclosed ZDI-26-613, a memory corruption vulnerability in pdfforge PDF Architect's PDF file parsing that allows remote code execution on affected installations. User interaction is required, meaning the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file. ZDI assigned a CVSS score of 7.8 and classifies the issue as a 0day.

ZDI Published Advisories · 16d agoAdvisory

ZDI-26-612: (0Day) pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

ZDI published ZDI-26-612, an unpatched out-of-bounds write in pdfforge PDF Architect PDF parsing enabling remote code execution (CVSS 7.8).

The Zero Day Initiative disclosed ZDI-26-612, an out-of-bounds write vulnerability in pdfforge PDF Architect's PDF file parsing. Successful exploitation allows remote code execution on affected installations. User interaction is required, as the target must visit a malicious page or open a malicious file; ZDI assigned a CVSS score of 7.8 and lists the flaw as a 0day.

ZDI Published Advisories · 16d agoAdvisory

ZDI-26-614: (0Day) pdfforge PDF Architect PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Write Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

ZDI published ZDI-26-614, another unpatched out-of-bounds write in pdfforge PDF Architect PDF parsing enabling remote code execution (CVSS 7.8).

The Zero Day Initiative published ZDI-26-614, a second out-of-bounds write vulnerability in pdfforge PDF Architect's PDF file parsing. Attackers can execute arbitrary code on affected installations, provided the user visits a malicious page or opens a malicious file. The flaw carries a ZDI-assigned CVSS score of 7.8 and remains unpatched (0day).

ZDI Published Advisories · 16d agoAdvisory

CVE-2026-86287: Net::IP::LPM versions before 1.12 for Perl accept malformed prefix lengths

CVE-2026-86287: Net::IP::LPM Perl library before 1.12 accepts malformed IP prefix lengths, risking incorrect longest-prefix-match results.

Net::IP::LPM versions before 1.12 for Perl accept malformed prefix lengths, per an oss-security disclosure posted September 7, 2026. The lax input validation in this longest-prefix-match library could produce incorrect matching behavior. The fix is available in version 1.12 on CPAN.

oss-security · 9d agoVulnerabilityCVE-2026-86287

ZDI-26-611: (0Day) pdfforge PDF Architect App Object Out-Of-Bounds Read Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

ZDI published ZDI-26-611, an unpatched out-of-bounds read in pdfforge PDF Architect App Object enabling remote code execution (CVSS 7.8).

The Zero Day Initiative disclosed ZDI-26-611, an out-of-bounds read vulnerability in the App Object component of pdfforge PDF Architect that can lead to remote code execution. Exploitation requires user interaction, such as visiting a malicious page or opening a malicious file. ZDI rated the issue 7.8 on the CVSS scale and marks it as a 0day pending a vendor patch.

ZDI Published Advisories · 16d agoAdvisory

Decomposition-Guided Diffusion Language Models for Inertial Confinement Fusion Prediction

ICF-DLM, the first language-model-based inertial confinement fusion predictor, cuts peak-timing error from 11.6 to 9.2 steps versus LLaMA-3-8B.

Each National Ignition Facility shot costs roughly one million dollars, motivating accurate AI surrogates for predicting 512-step neutron-rate waveforms from laser pulses and target parameters. ICF-DLM combines physics-typed decomposition into yield, peak timing, and local waveform; bidirectional denoising that defers commitment to peak location; and a physics-driven PPO reward. On ICFBench (50,000 simulations plus 232 experimental shots) it outperforms a matched autoregressive LLaMA-3-8B, classical sequence models, and LLM-based time-series predictors.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 9d agoAI research

PIA-Bench: Towards Automated Privacy Impact Assessment with Large Language Models

Researchers release PIA-Bench, the first open benchmark evaluating how accurately LLMs can automate privacy impact assessments using 73 curated federal PIAs.

PIA-Bench is the first open benchmark for evaluating large language models on real-world privacy impact assessments (PIAs). The authors audited 499 expert-authored PIAs published by US federal agencies and curated 73 structured PIAs comprising 451 privacy risk items and 831 mitigation items. Off-the-shelf LLMs were found to produce meaningful assessments while identifying clear avenues for improvement. The paper calls for domain-specific LLM agent workflows, accountable LLM infrastructure, and new quality standards for PIAs.

arXiv cs.CR · 5d agoResearch1

PrivEscalate: Measuring and Augmenting the Threat of LLM-Automated Linux Privilege Escalation

Researchers release PrivEscalate, a 531-scenario benchmark showing LLM agents' Linux privilege-escalation success varies by vulnerability class, plus PrivEscAgent, a domain-specialized agent that boosts success.

The paper introduces PrivEscalate, an open-source benchmark of 531 Dockerized Linux privilege-escalation scenarios spanning 14 sub-categories, plus 329 parameterized variants measuring sensitivity to environmental distractors. Evaluating six LLMs across three agent architectures shows capability is heterogeneous across vulnerability classes, sensitive to perturbation, and architecture-dependent. The authors also present PrivEscAgent, a wrapper adding deterministic enumeration, category matching, and step planning that outperforms prior privesc-agent baselines without modifying the underlying LLM. The benchmark is released to support LLM agent evaluation, defensive tool validation, and red-team training.

arXiv cs.CR · 8d agoResearch

CertiFlash: A Formal Verification Framework for Flash Translation Layers in Computational Solid State Drives

CertiFlash provides machine-checked formal verification of SSD flash translation layers, proving isolation, integrity, and ownership invariants to prevent tenant data leaks.

CertiFlash is an open-source formal verification framework for Flash Translation Layers (FTL) in computational SSDs, mechanized in the Rocq proof assistant. It shows that a faulty FTL can corrupt device state at five surfaces (e.g., leaking data between tenants or dropping integrity tags), demonstrated on a DaisyPlus OpenSSD. Designers prove once that every operation of a general FTL model preserves a global invariant covering mapping, isolation, integrity, ownership, and allocation; new designs need only discharge five hypotheses. Across four case studies, added effort was 27-3,231 lines against a 16,489-line framework.

arXiv cs.CR · 7d agoResearch1

ZDI-26-596: Foxit PDF Reader PDF File Parsing Out-Of-Bounds Read Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Foxit PDF Reader out-of-bounds read in PDF parsing (CVE-2026-57253, CVSS 3.3) can leak sensitive information via malicious files.

ZDI-26-596 covers an out-of-bounds read in Foxit PDF Reader's PDF file parsing, tracked as CVE-2026-57253 and rated CVSS 3.3. Successful exploitation allows remote attackers to disclose sensitive information and requires the target to open a malicious file or page. The advisory was published by the Zero Day Initiative on August 24, 2026.

ZDI Published Advisories · 23d agoAdvisoryCVE-2026-57253

Re: Retrospective by 'gpg.fail' authors

GPG exploitation talk author clarifies a format-string 0day enabling code execution via printf %n writes and a polyglot PEM certificate payload.

Lexi Groves, author of the gpg.fail talk, clarified on oss-security that the first finding was an actual zero-day: a classic printf injection using %n for memory writes, with multiple X.509 certificates in one PEM file to re-enter and defeat ASLR before calling execv@plt. The payload executed the certificate itself, a polyglot file made by inserting a shebang and bash command into the PEM. A second finding was hash-collided by another party before the author could exploit it.

oss-securityupdated · 9h agofirst · 1d agoResearch 8 sources

ZDI-26-615: (0Day) pdfforge PDF Architect activation-service Update Service Uncontrolled Search Path Element Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

Zero Day Initiative disclosed an uncontrolled search path flaw in pdfforge PDF Architect's update service, allowing local privilege escalation (CVSS 7.8).

ZDI published advisory ZDI-26-615 describing a local privilege escalation vulnerability in the activation-service Update Service of pdfforge PDF Architect. An uncontrolled search path element lets local attackers escalate privileges, but they must first be able to execute low-privileged code on the target. ZDI rated the issue 7.8 and tagged it as a 0-day disclosure.

ZDI Published Advisories · 16d agoVulnerability

CVE-2026-73334: Apache Parquet Hadoop: File-controlled KMS URL is forwarded to pluggable KmsClient that skips host validation

Apache Parquet Hadoop CVE-2026-73334: a file-controlled KMS URL reaches pluggable KmsClients without host validation in parquet-java 1.12 through 1.18.0.

Apache disclosed CVE-2026-73334, a moderate issue in the org.apache.parquet.crypto.keytools package of parquet-java, versions 1.12 through 1.18.0. The package implements envelope encryption that wraps data keys via a Key Management Service. A KMS URL controlled by the Parquet file is forwarded to a pluggable KmsClient that skips host validation, which could allow crafted files to redirect KMS requests.

oss-security · 8d agoVulnerabilityCVE-2026-733341

VDiff-Bench: A Challenging Benchmark for Fine-Grained Image Difference Identification

VDiff-Bench, a 1,756-question benchmark, shows multimodal LLMs struggle with fine-grained image-difference identification, scoring as low as 8.7% on low-level changes.

VDiff-Bench is a multiple-choice benchmark of 1,756 four-way questions over image pairs covering 10 change categories including position, motion, color, texture, OCR/text and illumination, with curated hard negatives. Evaluation of 11 state-of-the-art open- and closed-source MLLMs shows fine-grained visual comparison remains brittle: 7-8B-scale open-source models score 52.5-70.6% on semantic changes but only 8.7-33.3% on low-level changes like noise and texture. Notably, Grok 4.3 shows a sharp performance drop on noise and texture differences, falling behind large open-source models like Kimi K2.5 and K3.

Hugging Face daily papers · 12d agoAI research

ZDI-26-587: Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VS File Parsing Heap-based Buffer Overflow Remote Code Execution Vulnerability

ZDI advisory ZDI-26-587 details a heap-based buffer overflow RCE (CVE-2026-19781, CVSS 7.8) in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt VS file parsing, requiring user interaction.

The Zero Day Initiative released advisory ZDI-26-587 covering a heap-based buffer overflow in Ashlar-Vellum Cobalt's VS file parsing. A remote attacker can execute arbitrary code when the target opens a malicious file or visits a crafted page. ZDI rated the vulnerability CVSS 7.8 and assigned CVE-2026-19781.

ZDI Published Advisories · 23d agoAdvisoryCVE-2026-19781

Local Privilege Escalation (LPE) in FolkPatch due to Hardcoded Default SuperKey

A hardcoded default SuperKey in FolkPatch, an APatch-based kernel patching tool, enables local privilege escalation limited to FolkPatch's downstream code.

A disclosure posted to the oss-security mailing list describes a local privilege escalation (LPE) in FolkPatch caused by a hardcoded default SuperKey. FolkPatch is a downstream project based on APatch that utilizes its own custom KernelPatch. According to the post, the vulnerability is specific to FolkPatch's downstream modifications rather than upstream APatch or KernelPatch code.

oss-security · 4d agoVulnerability1

DDRop Attack Forces Intel TDX Confidential VMs Into Debug Mode and Exposes Memory

KU Leuven and ETH Zurich researchers released DDRop PoC hardware that forces Intel TDX confidential VMs into debug mode and exposes plaintext memory.

Researchers from KU Leuven, ETH Zurich, Google, and Durham University published proof-of-concept code, hardware designs, and firmware for DDRop, a DDR5 interposer that injects parity errors to drop selected cache-line writebacks. Because Intel TDX, Intel Scalable SGX, and AMD SEV-SNP lack per-line cryptographic freshness, processors decrypt and accept stale DRAM contents as current state. The PoC flips a victim's ATTRIBUTES.DEBUG flag to enable TDX debug mode, then copies victim memory in plaintext and can forge attestation reports. Affected environments include Intel 5th- and 6th-generation Xeon Scalable with TDX; Intel says the attack falls outside its cloud-computing threat model.

GBHackers · 1d agoResearch

Re: Linux kernel LPEs: ZcopyReaper (CVE-2026-43502) and 20 more

oss-security thread discusses newly disclosed Linux kernel local privilege escalations, including ZcopyReaper (CVE-2026-43502) and about 20 more flaws.

An oss-security mailing list thread discusses newly disclosed Linux kernel local privilege escalation (LPE) issues, headlined by ZcopyReaper (CVE-2026-43502) along with roughly 20 more. Discussants ask whether the many reports could be summarized and note that locking kernel module loading after boot has repeatedly proven an effective mitigation. The visible discussion does not state whether any of the flaws are exploited in the wild or give specific patch guidance beyond the individual reports.

oss-security · 8d agoVulnerabilityCVE-2026-43502

OpenBMB Releases MiniCPM5-2B: A 2.52B Dense Model Averaging 53.9 Across 34 Benchmarks and Built to Run On Device

OpenBMB released MiniCPM5-2B, a 2.52B-parameter Apache 2.0 on-device model averaging 53.9 across 34 benchmarks, ahead of Qwen3.5-4B.

OpenBMB released MiniCPM5-2B, a 2,516,756,480-parameter dense LlamaForCausalLM model with grouped-query attention and a 131,072-token context, under Apache 2.0, runnable via vLLM, SGLang, llama.cpp, and Ollama. It averages 53.9 across 34 benchmarks versus 51.1 for Qwen3.5-4B, with strong tool-use (97.1 on tau2-Bench Telecom) and code results (69.1 LiveCodeBench v6, 46.4 SWE-bench Verified). Training combined 400B tokens of deep-thinking SFT, critic-based JustRL II RL teachers, and on-policy distillation merging 16 RL experts; datasets and intermediate checkpoints were published alongside the weights.

MarkTechPost · 9d agoModel release

ZDI-26-620: Microsoft Windows UMPDDrvPlgBlt Improper Object Management Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

ZDI disclosed CVE-2026-62712, a CVSS 7.8 Windows UMPDDrvPlgBlt improper object-management flaw enabling local privilege escalation.

Zero Day Initiative advisory ZDI-26-620 describes an improper object management flaw in Microsoft Windows' UMPDDrvPlgBlt component, sharing CVE-2026-62712 with the related UMPDDrvStretchBlt advisory. A local attacker able to run low-privileged code can escalate privileges on affected installations. The issue carries a CVSS 3.0 rating of 7.8.

ZDI Published Advisories · 8d agoVulnerability 4 sourcesCVE-2026-627121