Vulnerabilities

CVE-2026-56291 is an unauthenticated unrestricted file upload flaw (CWE-434) in the Balbooa Forms extension for Joomla, affecting versions prior to 2.4.1. Because the upload functionality requires no authentication, any remote attacker who can reach a site running the extension can upload arbitrary files, including executable file types, to the web server. Uploaded executable files can subsequently be invoked on the server, resulting in full remote code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Any Joomla site running Balbooa Forms below version 2.4.1 is affected, particularly those whose upload functionality is reachable from the internet. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-10 after reportedly being exploited as a zero-day, and a public proof-of-concept write-up is available.

Do: Upgrade Balbooa Forms to version 2.4.1 or later immediately, as patching is the required action under CISA KEV/BOD 26-04 guidance. If upgrading is not immediately possible, restrict unauthenticated access to the extension's upload functionality at the web server or WAF layer and inspect upload directories for unexpected executable files that would indicate compromise. Review web logs for unauthenticated upload requests from unknown sources and treat any findings as potential RCE incidents.

BerriAI LiteLLM, a widely used self-hosted AI gateway and proxy server for calling LLM APIs, fails to properly authenticate requests to its MCP Streamable HTTP endpoint in versions prior to 1.84.0. An unauthenticated attacker can send a fabricated Authorization header that triggers an OAuth2 passthrough fallback, which replaces failed LiteLLM key validation with an empty UserAPIKeyAuth() object and lets the request reach MCP tooling without any valid LiteLLM key. Successful exploitation grants unauthenticated access to the gateway's MCP tooling with high confidentiality impact per the CVSS 4.0 score of 8.8, and public reporting describes attackers chaining LiteLLM weaknesses from authentication bypass to root code execution and cloud credential theft. Any organization running LiteLLM before 1.84.0 is affected, particularly gateways exposed to the internet. The flaw is confirmed exploited in the wild: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-09-02, while EPSS currently estimates a 0.9% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days.

Do: Upgrade LiteLLM to version 1.84.0 or later immediately, in line with the CISA KEV required action and BOD 26-04 guidance for internet-exposed assets. Audit whether the MCP endpoint is reachable from the internet and check for signs of exploitation, including unexpected MCP tool calls, use of fabricated Authorization headers, and use of default or example admin keys such as 'sk-1234'. Until patched, restrict access to the MCP endpoint and review cloud credentials accessible from the gateway host for signs of theft or root-level activity.

CVE-2026-53362 is an out-of-bounds write (CWE-787) in the Linux kernel's IPv6 output path: __ip6_append_data() mis-accounts fraggap bytes on the paged-allocation branch, leaving the new skb's linear area undersized so the copy of carried-over fragment-gap data spills past skb->end into the trailing skb_shared_info. An unprivileged local user can trigger the corruption by sending over a UDPv6 socket using MSG_MORE combined with MSG_SPLICE_PAGES; the bad accounting was introduced by commit 773ba4fe9104 ('ipv6: avoid partial copy for zc') and became triggerable when commit ce650a166335 allowed the MSG_SPLICE_PAGES case to proceed instead of returning -EINVAL. Successful triggering causes kernel memory corruption that, per the high confidentiality/integrity/availability scores, can lead to loss of data confidentiality, integrity and availability — potentially local privilege escalation or a system crash. Any Linux system running a kernel with the affected code is exposed; the source data provides no specific affected version numbers, only the introducing and trigger commits. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-08-27, indicating known in-the-wild exploitation (ransomware use unknown), with EPSS at 0.5% and no public PoC known.

Do: Apply the kernel fix per vendor instructions: upgrade to Linux kernel builds containing the fraggap-accounting resolution for __ip6_append_data(), following CISA's BOD 26-04 patching requirements (for cloud services, follow BOD guidance or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable); no fixed version numbers were provided in the source data, so confirm with your distribution/vendor that the fix commit is included. Until patched, prioritize multi-user hosts and systems where untrusted local users can open UDPv6 sockets, since exploitation requires local unprivileged access with MSG_MORE and MSG_SPLICE_PAGES. Track KEV-required remediation deadlines, as the flaw is cataloged as exploited in the wild (added 2026-08-27).

CVE-2026-48282 is a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) in Adobe ColdFusion. It is triggered by crafted file-path input containing directory-traversal sequences that the application fails to constrain, allowing access outside the intended directory; per CISA this can escalate to arbitrary code execution in the context of the current user. Successful exploitation could give an attacker the ability to run code on the ColdFusion host under the ColdFusion service account, a common foothold for further network compromise. All organizations running affected Adobe ColdFusion releases, particularly internet-facing instances, are in scope; the specific affected version ranges have not been detailed in the available data. The flaw is already being exploited in the wild: it was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-07 and carries a 42.4% EPSS probability of exploitation within 30 days (99th percentile), though no public PoC is known and ransomware use is unconfirmed.

Do: Inventory all Adobe ColdFusion deployments, prioritizing internet-facing servers, and apply the vendor patch per Adobe's security advisory since the affected version ranges are not yet specified in this data. Federal agencies must patch or apply mitigations in accordance with CISA BOD 26-04 within the KEV deadline or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable. Until patched, restrict external access to ColdFusion instances and consider WAF/IPS rules blocking directory-traversal sequences in file-path parameters.

CVE-2026-8452 is a memory buffer overflow (CWE-119) in Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway that applies when the appliance is configured as a Gateway (SSL VPN, ICA Proxy, CVPN, or RDP Proxy) or as an AAA virtual server. The flaw is reachable over the network without authentication (CVSS 4.0: AV:N/PR:N), so an unauthenticated attacker can trigger it remotely. Successful exploitation causes unpredictable or erroneous appliance behavior and denial of service, and the high confidentiality score suggests possible disclosure of memory contents; some reporting suggests pre-authentication remote code execution may be possible, though the vendor description emphasizes DoS. Organizations running affected NetScaler appliances in a Gateway or AAA role — a very common configuration for remote access to Citrix virtual apps and desktops — are potentially exposed. The flaw was added to CISA's KEV catalog on 2026-08-26 and is reported as exploited in the wild, with headlines noting the flaw was already patched before exploitation was confirmed.

Do: Upgrade NetScaler ADC and Gateway to the fixed releases identified in Citrix security advisory AV26-645 (Update 3); no fixed version numbers were included in this data, so consult the advisory directly. Prioritize any appliance with an internet-exposed Gateway (SSL VPN, ICA Proxy, CVPN, RDP Proxy) or AAA virtual server, and given the KEV listing and reports of exploitation, perform log and forensics review for signs of prior compromise per CISA's Forensics Triage Requirements — federal agencies must comply with BOD 26-04 timelines. Where patching cannot happen immediately, restrict or disable exposed Gateway/AAA configurations as an interim mitigation.

Joomlack Page Builder, a page-builder extension for the Joomla CMS from the Joomlack vendor, contains an improper access control flaw (CWE-284) that permits unauthenticated arbitrary file upload to affected sites. An unauthenticated remote attacker can abuse the upload functionality to place attacker-controlled files, typically executable script files, on the web server and then request them to achieve remote code execution. Successful exploitation yields code execution under the web server's privileges, enabling full compromise of the website and potentially the underlying hosting account or server; ransomware use has not been confirmed. Any Joomla deployment with the affected extension installed is potentially exposed, with internet-facing sites at greatest risk, and CISA has not published specific affected version ranges. The flaw was added to the CISA KEV catalog on 2026-07-07, indicating confirmed in-the-wild exploitation, and it carries a high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 30.4%, 98th percentile), although no public proof-of-concept or detailed technical write-up is known.

Do: Inventory Joomla sites for the Joomlack Page Builder extension and apply the vendor's fix as soon as it is released, following the CISA required action and BOD 26-04 guidance; if mitigations are unavailable, remove, disable, or restrict the extension - particularly on internet-exposed or cloud-hosted instances - or discontinue use per BOD 26-04. Until patched, review upload directories for unexpected executable files (e.g., potential webshells) and check access logs for unauthenticated upload requests, and limit direct web access to upload paths where feasible.

CVE-2026-49869 is a critical (CVSS 3.1: 10.0) authentication bypass in the open-source Kestra event-driven orchestration platform: the AuthenticationFilter exempts the public configuration endpoint from Basic Auth using a suffix match (request paths ending in "/configs") rather than an exact path comparison. As a result, an unauthenticated remote attacker can call any API URL whose final path segment is "configs", which is enough to create and execute arbitrary workflows without credentials. Because Kestra ships with script execution plugins (plugin-script-shell, plugin-script-python, etc.) enabled by default, this directly yields unauthenticated remote code execution as root inside the Kestra worker container. All Kestra OSS deployments prior to 1.0.45 and 1.3.21 are affected, with the greatest risk for instances whose API is reachable from the internet or untrusted networks. The flaw is being actively exploited: CISA added it to the KEV catalog on 2026-09-02 (EPSS 1.9%, percentile 79), and headlines covering the KEV batch report attackers deploying reverse shells and crypto miners.

Do: Upgrade to Kestra 1.0.45 (for the 1.0.x line) or 1.3.21 (for the 1.3.x line), or later releases that incorporate the fix. If immediate patching is not possible, restrict network access to the Kestra API (firewall/ACL or a reverse proxy that enforces authentication for all paths, including any ending in /configs). Given active exploitation, audit instances for signs of compromise such as unexplained workflows, reverse shells, or cryptomining processes in worker containers; federal agencies must patch per CISA BOD 26-04 timelines.

Langflow, an open-source platform for building and deploying AI-powered agents and workflows, contains an authorization bypass (Insecure Direct Object Reference, CWE-639) in its /api/v1/responses endpoint in all versions prior to 1.9.1. An authenticated low-privileged user triggers the flaw by supplying another user's flow ID in the request, causing Langflow to execute that flow without verifying ownership. Because the attacker can run flows belonging to other users on a shared or multi-tenant instance, they can leverage those flows' configured credentials and integrations; public reporting indicates attackers are using the flaw for credential harvesting, which aligns with the flaw's high confidentiality and integrity impact (CVSS 3.1 score 8.4, with scope change). All Langflow deployments running anything earlier than 1.9.1 are affected, with multi-user or shared instances at greatest risk. CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-07, confirming exploitation in the wild; ransomware use is currently unknown.

Do: Upgrade Langflow to 1.9.1 or later immediately, prioritizing internet-facing and multi-user instances, in line with CISA KEV and BOD 26-04 deadlines. If patching must wait, restrict access to /api/v1/responses to trusted users and review logs for requests specifying other users' flow IDs, which may indicate credential harvesting. Per BOD 26-04, evaluate each asset's internet exposure, follow the vendor advisory (GHSA-qrpv-q767-xqq2) for mitigations, and discontinue use where mitigations are unavailable.

Joomlic's iCagenda event-management extension for Joomla contains an unrestricted file-upload flaw (CWE-434) in its file attachment feature, exploitable over the network without authentication or user interaction (CVSS 4.0 score 10.0). Because the extension accepts arbitrary file types, an attacker can upload a malicious PHP file through the attachment feature and have the web server execute it as PHP code. Successful exploitation gives unauthenticated attackers remote code execution on the affected Joomla site, which typically leads to full site or web-server compromise. Any Joomla installation running the iCagenda extension is affected; the available advisory data specifies no affected or fixed version range, so no version numbers can be stated. The flaw is being exploited in the wild: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-10 (reportedly exploited as a zero-day, with ransomware use currently unknown), public proof-of-concept code is available, and EPSS assigns roughly a 20% probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Joomla administrators running iCagenda should update to the latest release published by Joomlic (no specific fixed version is stated in the available data) and, per the KEV required action, apply vendor mitigations in accordance with CISA BOD 26-04, prioritizing internet-exposed instances. Until patched, restrict or disable the file-attachment upload feature (e.g., prevent PHP execution/uploads in the attachments directory) and review web server logs and upload directories for unexpected .php files indicating prior compromise. Given confirmed in-the-wild exploitation reportedly predating disclosure, assume potential compromise and follow CISA's forensics triage requirements where applicable.

CVE-2026-48908 is an unrestricted upload of files with dangerous types (CWE-434) in the SP Page Builder extension for Joomla developed by JoomShaper/Ollyo. An unauthenticated remote attacker can submit arbitrary files, including PHP files, to the vulnerable upload functionality, and the web server subsequently executes the uploaded PHP. Successful exploitation therefore results in full remote code execution on the hosting server with the privileges of the web service, giving the attacker control over the Joomla site and its data (CVSS 4.0 base score: 10.0, critical). Any Joomla site running SP Page Builder is affected; the available data does not specify affected or fixed version ranges. The flaw is being actively exploited in the wild: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-07, and EPSS assigns a 14.8% probability of exploitation within 30 days (96th percentile); no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Upgrade SP Page Builder to the latest release published by Ollyo/JoomShaper and follow the vendor advisory (no specific fixed version is provided in this data); federal agencies must apply mitigations per CISA's BOD 26-04 timelines and the KEV required action. Until patched, restrict or firewall unauthenticated access to SP Page Builder upload endpoints and review web-access logs and upload directories for recently dropped PHP files or webshells, since the flaw is confirmed exploited in the wild.

PTC Windchill and FlexPLM contain an improper input validation flaw (CWE-20) with an associated deserialization of untrusted data weakness (CWE-502) that allows an unauthenticated, remote attacker to execute arbitrary code by sending a malicious request over the network. An attacker who can reach a vulnerable Windchill or FlexPLM server can run arbitrary code on it, potentially gaining a foothold for lateral movement; CISA notes the flaw is being used in ransomware campaigns. All organizations running PTC Windchill or FlexPLM are affected, and the available data does not specify affected version ranges. The vulnerability was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-25 with known ransomware use, and EPSS assigns a 40.6% probability of exploitation within 30 days (99th percentile). No CVSS score or public proof-of-concept is available yet, but the KEV listing confirms exploitation in the wild.

Do: Apply the fixes in PTC's security advisory for CVE-2026-12569 to both Windchill and FlexPLM as soon as possible, prioritizing internet-facing instances, and comply with the CISA KEV required action under BOD 26-04 (patch within the required window or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable). Until patched, restrict network exposure of Windchill/FlexPLM servers and hunt for signs of exploitation or ransomware precursor activity; the available data does not list specific patched versions, so defer to PTC's advisory.

CVE-2026-20262 is a directory/path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) in Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager, the central management component of Cisco's enterprise SD-WAN solution. An authenticated, remote attacker can supply crafted input containing traversal sequences that escape the intended directory, allowing the attacker to create a new file or overwrite any file on the affected system's filesystem. Overwriting arbitrary files can enable configuration tampering, persistence, or privilege escalation on the management appliance depending on which file is targeted. Any organization running Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager is affected, with greatest risk where the management interface is reachable by broad user populations or from the internet. CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-15, indicating exploitation in the wild; no public proof-of-concept is known, ransomware association is unknown, CVSS is not yet scored, and EPSS assigns a 28.2% probability of exploitation within 30 days (98th percentile).

Do: Apply the fixed release per Cisco's advisory (specific fixed versions are not provided in this data set, so consult Cisco's security notice) and follow CISA's KEV required action, including BOD 26-04 timelines for federal agencies and cloud service use. Until patched, restrict access to the SD-WAN Manager management interface to trusted management networks, enforce strong authentication, and audit the filesystem for unexpectedly created or recently modified files that could indicate exploitation. Evaluate each instance's internet exposure and prioritize internet-reachable management appliances for immediate remediation.

The LiteSpeed cPanel plugin, as distributed through the LiteSpeed WHM plugin, before version 2.4.8 (WHM plugin 5.3.2.0) mishandles UNIX symbolic links supplied by users (CWE-61). An attacker who already has FTP or web shell access to any account on a shared hosting server running CloudLinux/CageFS can plant a crafted symlink that the privileged plugin follows, letting them act beyond their own account scope — reportedly gaining root control of the entire server (CVSS scope change, C:H/I:H/A:H). Any hosting provider running vulnerable versions of the LiteSpeed cPanel/WHM plugin is affected, and because this is shared hosting, a single malicious tenant endangers other customers on the same server. The flaw was exploited in the wild in May 2026, was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-15 (BOD 26-04 remediation obligations apply), and has a 1.4% 30-day EPSS; no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Upgrade the LiteSpeed cPanel plugin to 2.4.8 or later via the LiteSpeed WHM plugin 5.3.2.0 or later, following vendor instructions to meet CISA KEV/BOD 26-04 timelines. Until patched, restrict or monitor FTP and web shell access on affected shared hosting servers and review logs for signs of privilege escalation during and since May 2026; if mitigations are unavailable, follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use.

CVE-2026-48558 is an authentication bypass (CWE-347, improper verification of cryptographic signature) in the SimpleHelp remote access/support platform's OpenID Connect (OIDC) login flow, where submitted identity tokens are accepted without verifying their signature. It is triggered when OIDC authentication is configured: a remote, unauthenticated attacker can submit a forged token containing arbitrary identity claims and obtain a fully authenticated technician session, and in some configurations this also bypasses multi-factor authentication. Related reporting describes a path from this bypass to remote code execution. Only SimpleHelp deployments using OIDC-based (e.g., SSO) authentication are affected; deployments relying on local SimpleHelp accounts are not described as affected. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-29, confirming exploitation in the wild, with a 30% EPSS probability of exploitation within 30 days and no public proof-of-concept known.

Do: Update SimpleHelp to the latest release per vendor instructions, prioritizing any internet-facing server (CISA KEV listing means federal agencies must act under BOD 26-04). Until patched, restrict access to the SimpleHelp web login to trusted management networks (VPN/firewall) or temporarily switch from OIDC to local-account authentication with MFA. Verify whether OIDC is enabled on each instance and review technician login logs for sessions created with unusual or unexpected identity claims.

CVE-2026-35273 is a missing-authentication flaw (CWE-306) in the Updates Environment Management component of Oracle PeopleSoft Enterprise PeopleTools, affecting supported releases 8.61 and 8.62. An unauthenticated attacker with network access over HTTP can reach the vulnerable component with no credentials and no user interaction, and successful attacks result in full takeover of the PeopleTools environment — reported in the wild as remote code execution followed by data theft. Organizations running PeopleSoft — including universities, government agencies and large enterprises — are affected, and the ShinyHunters group has already used the flaw against unpatched universities, with Nissan disclosing an employee-data breach linked to it. The vulnerability was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-12 with ransomware use noted, and EPSS assigns a 95.5% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile). No public proof-of-concept is known, but exploitation is confirmed in the wild, having been used as a zero-day before patching.

Do: Apply the PeopleTools security fixes for releases 8.61 and 8.62 per Oracle's advisory instructions immediately, prioritizing internet-facing instances to meet CISA KEV/BOD 26-04 timelines; where patching is not yet possible, restrict HTTP access to the PeopleSoft tier from untrusted networks. Review web and application logs on 8.61/8.62 environments for signs of unauthenticated access to the Updates Environment Management component, given confirmed ShinyHunters exploitation and ransomware use. Organizations unable to mitigate internet exposure should follow BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or consider discontinuing use of the exposed product.

CVE-2026-20253 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) missing-authentication flaw (CWE-306) in the PostgreSQL sidecar service endpoint of Splunk Enterprise, which lacks authentication controls. Any unauthenticated user who can reach the endpoint over the network can invoke file operations without credentials, creating or truncating arbitrary files on the host; public research (watchTowr) and news coverage describe this leading to pre-authentication remote code execution. The flaw affects Splunk Enterprise 10.2 versions below 10.2.4 and 10 versions below 10.0.7, while versions 9.4 and earlier are not affected. Exploitation is confirmed: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-18, media reports indicate it is under active attack, and EPSS assigns a 96.9% probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade to Splunk Enterprise 10.2.4 (10.2 track) or 10.0.7 (10 track) or later; Splunk Enterprise 9.4 and earlier are unaffected. If you cannot upgrade immediately, disable the PostgreSQL sidecar service per vendor guidance and ensure the endpoint is not reachable from untrusted networks. As a KEV entry, federal agencies must apply vendor mitigations in line with BOD 26-04 by the CISA deadline; audit whether the PostgreSQL sidecar service is enabled and whether it is exposed to the internet.

CVE-2026-25089 is an OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) in Fortinet FortiSandbox caused by improper neutralization of special elements in OS commands, allowing an unauthenticated attacker to execute unauthorized commands by sending specifically crafted HTTP requests to the product. The flaw is network-exploitable with no privileges or user interaction required (CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8), meaning any reachable instance — hardware/VM appliance, FortiSandbox Cloud, or FortiSandbox PaaS — is exposed to system-level command execution. Successful exploitation carries high impact to confidentiality, integrity, and availability on the sandbox itself and can serve as a foothold into the surrounding network. Organizations running FortiSandbox 5.0.0–5.0.5, 4.4.0–4.4.8, or 4.2 (all versions), as well as FortiSandbox Cloud 5.0.4–5.0.5 and FortiSandbox PaaS 5.0.4–5.0.5, are affected. The vulnerability is being actively exploited in the wild: CISA added it to the KEV catalog on 2026-07-16, EPSS assigns a 76.1% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile), and news coverage describes FortiSandbox bugs under active attack, though no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Upgrade FortiSandbox to a release beyond the affected ranges — newer than 5.0.5, 4.4.8, and 4.2 — and update FortiSandbox Cloud and PaaS beyond 5.0.5, following Fortinet's PSIRT advisory for the exact fixed versions (not specified in this data). Until patched, restrict the FortiSandbox management interface from direct internet exposure and review appliance logs for signs of command-injection exploitation. Organizations subject to CISA's KEV requirements must apply vendor mitigations per BOD 26-04 timelines or discontinue cloud use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Ivanti Sentry (formerly MobileIron Sentry) contains an OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) that lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker execute operating-system commands with root privileges on the appliance. Exploitation succeeds when the Sentry appliance is in an unmanaged state with its endpoints externally reachable; deployments that enforce mTLS with EPMM or restrict HTTPS access through Ivanti Neurons for MDM keep the interfaces inaccessible to external actors. A successful attacker gains root-level remote code execution, giving full control of the gateway that fronts an organization's mobile device management (MDM) infrastructure. Organizations running unmanaged, internet-exposed Ivanti/MobileIron Sentry appliances are affected. The flaw is being exploited in the wild — CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-11 (formal CVSS scoring is still pending), EPSS puts the 30-day exploitation probability at 99.9%, no public proof-of-concept is known, and ransomware use is undetermined.

Do: Inventory all Ivanti/MobileIron Sentry appliances and determine whether they are unmanaged with externally reachable endpoints; apply Ivanti's mitigations in line with CISA KEV and BOD 26-04 timelines, and where a patch is not yet in place, restrict access by enabling mTLS with EPMM or limiting HTTPS access through Ivanti Neurons for MDM. Monitor Ivanti's advisories for fixed versions and review exposed appliances for signs of compromise.

CVE-2026-11645 is an out-of-bounds read and write (CWE-125/CWE-787) in V8, the JavaScript engine used by Google Chrome and Chromium. A remote attacker triggers the flaw by luring a user to a crafted HTML page, where malicious script causes V8 to read and write outside allocated memory buffers. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code inside the browser's security sandbox, providing limited privileges within that process rather than full system compromise. All Google Chrome versions prior to 149.0.7827.103 are affected, along with the Chromium V8 component identified by CISA. The flaw is being exploited in the wild: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-09, and related headlines describe an actively exploited Chrome V8 zero-day, though no public proof-of-concept is known and ransomware use is unconfirmed.

Do: Update Google Chrome to 149.0.7827.103 or later and restart the browser to load the patched V8, prioritizing systems exposed to untrusted web content; because the flaw is in CISA's KEV catalog, federal agencies must apply vendor mitigations or follow BOD 22-01 guidance within the required timeframe. Organizations running Chromium-derived browsers (e.g., Edge, Brave, Opera) should apply vendor updates that incorporate the patched V8 as they become available. Restricting browsing of untrusted sites from high-value systems is a reasonable interim measure, and no public exploit code is known at this time.

Check Point has disclosed CVE-2026-50751, a critical (CVSS 9.3) improper authentication flaw (CWE-287) in the certificate validation logic for Remote Access and Mobile Access VPN when the deprecated IKEv1 key exchange is used. An unauthenticated remote attacker can exploit this logic flow weakness during IKEv1 negotiation to bypass user authentication entirely. Successful exploitation lets the attacker establish a remote access VPN connection without a valid user password, gaining access to the organization's internal network resources (high confidentiality impact per the CVSS score). Any organization running a Check Point Security Gateway on Gaia OS or Gaia Embedded with IKEv1-based Remote Access/Mobile Access configured is affected; specific affected and fixed versions are in Check Point's advisory. The flaw is being exploited in the wild — it was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-08 with known ransomware use and an EPSS of 83.8% — and it was disclosed alongside other critical Check Point VPN certificate flaws per recent headlines.

Do: Upgrade affected Security Gateways to the fixed releases identified in Check Point's advisory (version numbers are not specified in the source data), prioritizing internet-facing VPN gateways; as an interim mitigation, move Remote Access/Mobile Access clients to IKEv2 or disable IKEv1. Review VPN authentication logs for sessions established without valid credentials, given known in-the-wild and ransomware exploitation. Federal agencies must apply mitigations per BOD 22-01, and defenders should beware of fake 'public PoC' repositories spreading malware (ChocoPoC RAT), since no legitimate public PoC is known.

Arista EOS switches configured for tunnel decapsulation — VXLAN, decap-groups, or a GRE tunnel interface — fail to verify the tunnel protocol type of incoming packets before decapsulating them (CWE-1023, incomplete comparison with missing factors). An attacker can send an unexpected type of tunneled packet whose destination IP matches the switch's configured decapsulation IP, causing the switch to incorrectly decapsulate and forward it as if it belonged to the configured tunnel. The result is a traffic-integrity problem — packets are processed and delivered through a path they were never intended for — reflected in the CVSS 4.0 score of 6.9 as network-triggered, unauthenticated, integrity-only impact with no confidentiality or availability loss. Only deployments running Arista EOS with a tunnel decapsulation configuration are affected; sites without VXLAN/decap-group/GRE decapsulation are not exposed to this flaw. Exploitation in the wild has been reported — CISA added the issue to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-09 — though no public proof-of-concept is known and ransomware use has not been confirmed.

Do: Inventory Arista EOS devices for tunnel decapsulation configuration (VXLAN, decap-groups, or GRE tunnel interfaces) and check whether the configured decapsulation IP is reachable from untrusted networks. Upgrade to a fixed EOS release per Arista's advisory for CVE-2026-7473 (fixed versions are not specified in the available data) or apply the vendor's recommended mitigation, such as filtering unexpected tunnel traffic destined to the decapsulation IP; federal agencies must remediate within the BOD 22-01 timeline following the 2026-06-09 KEV addition. Because the scored impact is limited to traffic-handling integrity, prioritize the exposure assessment, but do not defer patching given confirmed in-the-wild exploitation.

CVE-2026-48907 is an improper access control flaw (CWE-284) in the Joomla Content Editor (JCE) extension from Widget Factory Limited that allows unauthenticated users to create new editor profiles. Because these profiles can confer file-upload privileges, an attacker can reach the editor's upload functionality without logging in, upload malicious PHP files, and have the web server execute them, resulting in unauthenticated remote code execution with high impact on system confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 4.0 score of 10). Any Joomla site running the affected JCE extension is exposed, with internet-facing sites most at risk. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-16, confirming in-the-wild exploitation, and EPSS assigns a 78.1% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile). No public proof-of-concept is known, but CISA and Australian authorities have warned of active CMS exploitation targeting this flaw.

Do: Apply the latest JCE update per Widget Factory Limited's vendor instructions, in line with CISA BOD 26-04 requirements (federal agencies must patch or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable). Until patched, verify whether unauthenticated users can create editor profiles in your JCE configuration, restrict access to the extension, and inspect webroots and logs for unexpected PHP file uploads. Given confirmed active exploitation and a very high EPSS score, prioritize internet-facing Joomla sites immediately.

Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager (formerly SD-WAN vManage) contains an improper encoding or escaping of output flaw (CWE-116) in its handling of user-supplied files. An attacker who already has authenticated access to the system can trigger it by supplying a crafted file, because the file's contents are not properly escaped before being processed. Successful exploitation yields arbitrary command execution with root privileges, giving the attacker full control of the SD-WAN management platform. Organizations running Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Manager/vManage to manage their SD-WAN fabric are affected. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-09, indicating active exploitation, though no public proof-of-concept is known and ransomware use has not been confirmed.

Do: Apply the fixed release per Cisco's security advisory (specific fixed versions are not included in the available data), and prioritize this patch given the KEV listing. Because the flaw requires authenticated local access, restrict management-plane access to trusted administrators and networks, review privileged accounts on the manager, and audit the system for unexpected processes or changes. Federal agencies must follow the KEV required action under BOD 22-01 (mitigate per vendor instructions or discontinue use).

SolarWinds Serv-U, an FTP and managed-file-transfer server, contains an uncontrolled resource consumption flaw (CWE-400) that allows an unauthenticated remote attacker to exhaust the service's resources. It is triggered by sending specially crafted POST requests with the Content-Encoding: deflate header, which crashes the Serv-U service. An attacker gains denial of service — file transfer operations stop until the service is restarted — and the available data indicates no remote code execution or data exposure. Any organization running Serv-U, typically enterprises using it as an internal or internet-facing file transfer endpoint, is affected; the available advisories do not specify affected version ranges. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-05, signaling exploitation in the wild, and EPSS estimates a 40% probability of exploitation within 30 days (99th percentile), though CVSS scoring is pending and no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Inventory all Serv-U deployments and apply SolarWinds' mitigation per vendor instructions, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable, as required by the KEV listing (federal agencies must follow BOD 22-01 timelines). As an interim mitigation, block or normalize POST requests carrying the Content-Encoding: deflate header at a WAF or reverse proxy and restrict Serv-U's internet exposure. Monitor the Serv-U service for crashes, since successful exploitation takes it down until it is restarted.

Progress Kemp LoadMaster, the application delivery controller/load balancer sold by Progress Software (formerly Kemp), contains an unauthenticated OS command injection flaw (CWE-77) in its API: unsanitized input sent to multiple command endpoints allows arbitrary operating-system commands to be executed on the appliance. Because the affected endpoints require no authentication, any remote attacker with network access to the appliance's API or management interface can trigger the bug directly; public research by WatchTowr describes it as a pre-authentication RCE chain (involving uninitialized memory/quote handling) that can yield root-level command execution. Successful exploitation gives an attacker full control of the appliance, consistent with the Critical 9.8 CVSS 3.1 score (network-exploitable, no privileges or user interaction, high impact on confidentiality, integrity and availability). Organizations running Progress Kemp LoadMaster appliances are affected, especially those where the management or API interface is reachable from the internet. Exploitation is confirmed and ongoing: CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-08-07 after 792 reported exploit attempts, and EPSS assigns a 99.6% probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade LoadMaster to the fixed release identified in Progress's security advisory (fixed version numbers are not specified in this data). Until patched, restrict the LoadMaster API/management interface to trusted networks or VPN access, and review appliance logs for signs of unexpected command execution given confirmed in-the-wild exploitation. Because the flaw is on CISA's KEV catalog, US federal agencies must apply mitigations per BOD 26-04 by the required deadline — or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable — and evaluate each asset's internet exposure.

An unauthenticated server-side request forgery (SSRF) flaw exists in Cisco Unified Communications Manager (Unified CM) and Unified CM Session Management Edition (Unified CM SME), caused by improper input validation of specific HTTP requests. An attacker triggers it by sending a crafted HTTP request to the device's WebDialer service, which must be enabled for exploitation (it is disabled by default). Successful exploitation lets the attacker write files to the underlying operating system, which can later be used to elevate privileges to root — the reason Cisco assigned a Critical Security Impact Rating despite the 8.6 (High) CVSS base score. Organizations running affected Unified CM or Unified CM SME deployments, particularly those with WebDialer enabled and reachable from untrusted networks, are exposed. The flaw is being exploited in the wild: public exploit references appeared in mid-June 2026, and CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-25, with EPSS indicating an ~88% probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade affected Unified CM and Unified CM SME deployments to the fixed release cited in Cisco's advisory (specific version not provided in this dataset), prioritizing internet-exposed systems per CISA BOD 26-04 requirements. Confirm whether the WebDialer service is enabled and disable it if unused, or restrict network access to it. Check device logs for crafted HTTP requests hitting WebDialer endpoints and unexpected file writes on the underlying OS that could indicate prior exploitation.

CVE-2025-48595 is an integer overflow (CWE-190) in the Android Framework, present in multiple locations, that can be triggered by code already running locally on the device with no additional execution privileges and no user interaction required. A local attacker, such as a malicious or compromised app, who triggers the overflow can achieve code execution with elevated privileges, yielding a local escalation of privilege with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 3.1: 8.4, local attack vector). The flaw affects the Android Framework component of Google's Android operating system, so it applies broadly across the Android device ecosystem; specific affected version ranges were not published in the available data. Google fixed the flaw in its June 2026 Android security update, which patched 124 flaws overall, and CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-02, with news coverage confirming it is being actively exploited in the wild. No public proof-of-concept is known, but confirmed in-the-wild exploitation makes patching urgent.

Do: Apply Google's June 2026 Android security update (or later) to all Android devices as soon as the OEM build is available, and verify the device's 'Android security patch level' reads June 2026 or later before treating it as remediated. US federal agencies must remediate within the BOD 22-01 timelines per the KEV listing. Because exploitation requires local code execution, prioritize devices on which users can install or run untrusted apps, and use MDM tooling to track patch compliance across managed fleets.

Oracle E-Business Suite contains a critical improper privilege management flaw (CVE-2026-46817) in the File Transmission component of Oracle Payments, affecting versions 12.2.3 through 12.2.15. The flaw is easily exploitable: an unauthenticated attacker with network access over HTTP can trigger it, with no credentials or user interaction required. Successful exploitation results in takeover of Oracle Payments, with high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact (CVSS 3.1 9.8). Organizations running the affected E-Business Suite releases — especially those exposing the Payments/File Transmission interface to untrusted networks — are in scope. The issue was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-15, researchers have observed exploitation in the wild, and EPSS assigns a 13% probability of exploitation within 30 days (96th percentile).

Do: Apply the remediation provided in Oracle's security advisory for CVE-2026-46817 to all Oracle E-Business Suite 12.2.3–12.2.15 environments running Oracle Payments, and in the meantime restrict HTTP/network access to the File Transmission component. Because the flaw is being actively exploited, review EBS/Payments access logs for unauthenticated requests and anomalous file-transmission activity to check for compromise. Federal agencies must apply mitigations in line with CISA BOD 26-04 timelines or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

CVE-2026-48027 is a supply-chain compromise in which version 18.95.0 of Nx Console, the Visual Studio Code UI for the Nx and Lerna build tools, was published with embedded malicious code (CWE-506). The compromised release was live on the Visual Studio Marketplace for roughly 18 minutes (12:30-12:48 UTC) and on OpenVSX for about 36 minutes (12:33-13:09 UTC) on 19 May 2026, so developers whose clients pulled the update during those windows had the malicious extension installed. An attacker gains code execution on developer workstations and used it to steal cloud and CI credentials; the compromise has been tied to a breach of GitHub internal repositories and is associated with ransomware activity. Only users who installed Nx Console 18.95.0 are affected, and version 18.100.0 is not compromised. CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 27 May 2026 with known ransomware use, and public analysis is available from StepSecurity.

Do: Upgrade to Nx Console 18.100.0 immediately; if 18.95.0 was installed on 19 May 2026, treat local secrets as compromised and rotate GitHub tokens, cloud and CI credentials, npm tokens, and SSH keys on affected machines, and review repositories and pipelines for tampering. Follow CISA KEV/BOD 22-01 required actions and review the StepSecurity blog post for indicators of compromise.

Kludex Starlette prior to version 1.0.1 did not validate the HTTP Host request header before using it to reconstruct request.url, an inconsistency classified as HTTP request/response smuggling (CWE-444). Because routing operates on the raw ASGI scope path while request.url is rebuilt from the unvalidated Host header, an attacker can send a malformed Host header so that request.url.path differs from the path the router actually processed. Any middleware or endpoint that enforces security restrictions based on request.url rather than the raw scope path can then be tricked into approving requests that should have been blocked, bypassing those controls. All Starlette deployments below 1.0.1 are affected, both direct users and downstream products that bundle the library, including Red Hat offerings such as Ansible Automation Platform, OpenShift AI, OpenShift Lightspeed, Satellite, AI Inference Server, Migration Toolkit for Applications, and Enterprise Linux AI. CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-09-02, confirming active exploitation; related reporting describes attackers deploying reverse shells and crypto miners, and EPSS ranks it in the 98th percentile with a 36.3% probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade Starlette to 1.0.1 or later, which validates the Host header against RFC 9112/RFC 3986 grammar and falls back to scope['server'] for malformed values, and apply the corresponding Red Hat updates for each bundled product listed above. Until patched, review middleware and endpoints that enforce security decisions from request.url and validate or pin the Host header at your reverse proxy or load balancer. As a KEV entry, federal agencies must patch per BOD 26-04 timelines based on each asset's internet exposure, and operators of internet-facing AI infrastructure should verify their Starlette/FastAPI dependency versions.

Mirasvit Full Page Cache Warmer, a storefront performance extension for Magento, contains a PHP deserialization flaw (CWE-502) that permits unauthenticated remote code execution. The flaw is triggered simply by sending the store a request carrying a crafted serialized PHP object in the 'CacheWarmer' cookie; when the application unserializes that untrusted value, attacker-controlled object injection executes code in the context of the web server. Successful exploitation yields arbitrary code execution on the storefront host, useful for webshell deployment, data theft, or lateral movement, and it requires no credentials or special privileges. Any site running the extension is affected; no public proof-of-concept is known, but CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-03, confirming exploitation in the wild (ransomware use unknown), and EPSS assigns a 27.5% 30-day exploitation probability (98th percentile).

Do: Apply Mirasvit's remediation guidance and upgrade the Full Page Cache Warmer extension as soon as the vendor publishes a fixed release; the KEV listing (2026-06-03) makes patching or mitigation mandatory for U.S. federal agencies under BOD 22-01. Until patched, hunt for exploitation by reviewing web access logs for anomalous or oversized 'CacheWarmer' cookie values containing serialized PHP objects (e.g., 'O:'-prefixed payloads) and for indicators of post-exploitation on Magento web servers. If no fix is available yet and the store is internet-facing, consider temporarily disabling the extension or restricting the CacheWarmer cookie handling as an interim mitigation.

CVE-2026-45659 is a deserialization-of-untrusted-data vulnerability (CWE-502) in Microsoft SharePoint Server in which an authorized (authenticated, low-privilege) attacker can submit crafted serialized data over the network, with no user interaction required, to execute code on the server. Successful exploitation carries high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability within the SharePoint service context, giving attackers a foothold for follow-on activity, and CISA notes that ransomware use is known. Organizations running on-premises Microsoft SharePoint Server are affected; the source data lists no specific version ranges, and the CPE scope (sharepoint server) points to the on-premises product rather than the Microsoft-managed SharePoint Online service. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-07-01 after active exploitation, and its EPSS score of 76.1% (100th percentile) indicates a high probability of near-term exploitation. The CVE record lists no public proof-of-concept, though related reporting describes exploitation activity following a public PoC release for a SharePoint authentication bypass.

Do: Apply Microsoft's current security updates for SharePoint Server following vendor instructions, prioritizing internet-facing servers, and comply with CISA BOD 26-04, which requires applying mitigations per vendor guidance (including the cited Forensics Triage Requirements) or discontinuing use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Because in-the-wild exploitation and ransomware use are confirmed, triage exposed servers for compromise: review IIS/SharePoint logs for unexpected authenticated requests, look for webshells or newly modified files in SharePoint web roots, and check for unusual child processes spawned by the SharePoint application pool. Given related reporting on an authentication-bypass PoC, also verify that any related SharePoint authentication-bypass patches are…

CVE-2026-34910 is an improper input validation flaw (CWE-20) in Ubiquiti UniFi OS that allows command injection on affected gateways and network video recorders. A malicious actor with network access to the device can send crafted, unvalidated input that triggers arbitrary command execution, with no privileges or user interaction required (CVSS 3.1 base score 10.0, network vector, scope changed). Successful exploitation grants full control of the device — high confidentiality, integrity, and availability impact — and can serve as a foothold into the attached network. Affected products span the UniFi gateway and recording line: UniFi OS Server, Cloud Gateway Industrial, Dream Machine/Pro/Special Edition/Pro Max, Enterprise Fortress Gateway, Dream Wall, Dream Router and Dream Router 7, UniFi Express 7, and the UniFi Network Video Recorder. CISA added the flaw to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-06-23, public reporting describes in-the-wild exploitation being used to build a Mirai botnet, and EPSS estimates an 87.5% chance of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade all listed UniFi OS devices to the fixed firmware in Ubiquiti's June 2026 security advisory (consult the vendor advisory for exact fixed versions per product), and per CISA BOD 26-04 patch within the required window or discontinue use of affected cloud-reachable assets. Restrict device management interfaces (UniFi Network UI, SSH, API) to trusted networks and audit internet-facing gateways for signs of compromise, including Mirai botnet traffic or unexpected outbound connections.

CVE-2026-34926 is a directory traversal vulnerability (CWE-23) in the on-premise edition of the Trend Micro Apex One endpoint management server. A pre-authenticated local attacker — someone with access to the Apex One server who has already obtained administrative credentials through some other method — can use the traversal to modify a key table on the server, injecting malicious code that the server then deploys to its managed agents. This gives the attacker a delivery channel to run malicious code on the agents managed by the exploited server (CVSS scope changed), which is why the 6.7 CVSS score reflects a local, high-complexity, high-privilege attack path with high confidentiality impact. Only on-premise Apex One deployments are exploitable; the cloud/SaaS edition is not affected by this flaw. The flaw is being actively exploited: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-21 (EPSS 12.7%, 96th percentile), though no public proof-of-concept is known and ransomware use has not been confirmed.

Do: Apply Trend Micro's fix for the Apex One on-premise server per the vendor security advisory (exact fixed versions are not stated in the available data — check the bulletin), or, for US federal agencies, satisfy the BOD 22-01/KEV required action of applying vendor mitigations or discontinuing use if mitigations are unavailable. Because exploitation requires administrative credentials obtained by some other method, review privileged accounts on Apex One servers for compromise, check the server's key table for unauthorized modifications, and look for unexpected or anomalous code distributed to managed agents. Ransomware use is unconfirmed but plausible; restrict local and administrative access to the server and monitor agent activity until patched.

CVE-2026-48172 is a critical privilege-escalation flaw (CWE-266, incorrect privilege assignment) in the LiteSpeed User-End cPanel plugin before 2.4.5, stemming from mishandling of the plugin's Redis enable/disable feature. It is exploitable over the network without authentication or user interaction (CVSS 4.0: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), and exploitation leaves traces of requests to the cPanel API's redisAble function in cPanel logs. An attacker who exploits it can elevate privileges to possibly root on the hosting server, meaning a single attacker could take control of every account and site hosted on that server. At risk are hosting providers and organizations running cPanel/WHM with the LiteSpeed cPanel plugin (and the related WHM plugin), a common premium web-server setup on multi-tenant shared-hosting platforms. The flaw was exploited in the wild in May 2026, was added to CISA's KEV catalog on 2026-05-26, and carries an EPSS of 18.9% (97th percentile); no public PoC is known.

Do: Upgrade the LiteSpeed User-End cPanel plugin to at least version 2.4.7 (versions before 2.4.5 are affected; 2.4.7 is the recommended minimum). Hunt for exploitation by running grep -rE "cpanel_jsonapi_func=redisAble" /var/cpanel/logs /usr/local/cpanel/logs/ 2>/dev/null in Bash: no output means you were not hit, while hits should be validated (confirm the listed IPs are legitimate, block any that are not, and review system logs for actions taken by those IPs). Because this is a CISA KEV entry (added 2026-05-26), apply the vendor fix per BOD 22-01 timelines or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

CVE-2026-9082 is a critical SQL injection flaw (CWE-89) in Drupal core caused by improper neutralization of special elements used in SQL commands, allowing user-controlled input to alter the queries the application executes. The CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N) shows it is remotely exploitable over the network without authentication, special privileges, or user interaction. A successful attacker gains high-impact access to the database (read, modify, or disrupt data), and news reports indicate PostgreSQL-backed sites may additionally be exposed to remote code execution. It affects Drupal core from version 8.9.0 onward across all current major lines, with fixes in 10.4.10, 10.5.10, 10.6.9, 11.1.10, 11.2.12, and 11.3.10, meaning essentially all unpatched modern Drupal deployments are at risk. The flaw is confirmed under active attack: CISA added it to the KEV catalog on 2026-05-22 and headlines report it is already being exploited in the wild, while EPSS assigns an 87.9% 30-day exploitation probability (100th percentile); no public proof-of-concept is known yet.

Do: Upgrade Drupal core immediately to the patched release for your branch: 10.4.10, 10.5.10, 10.6.9, 11.1.10, 11.2.12, or 11.3.10, or a later release as applicable, since the flaw is being actively exploited and carries an 87.9% EPSS. Prioritize internet-facing sites and deployments using a PostgreSQL database, which reports say can be pushed to remote code execution, and review web and database logs for signs of exploitation. Under the CISA KEV listing (added 2026-05-22), U.S. federal agencies must apply vendor mitigations per applicable BOD 22-01 guidance or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

CVE-2026-45498 is a denial-of-service flaw (CWE-400, uncontrolled resource consumption) in the Microsoft Defender antimalware platform, rated 7.5 (High) with a network attack vector and no privileges or user interaction required. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can trigger excessive resource consumption that disrupts the Defender service, with high impact on availability but no confidentiality or integrity impact per the CVSS scoring. An attacker gains the ability to crash, hang, or disable antimalware protection on targeted systems, potentially leaving endpoints temporarily unprotected. Any deployment of Microsoft Defender — which is the default antimalware on modern Windows and is also deployed as a cloud service — is in scope, and CISA's required action explicitly points defenders to BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services. The flaw has been added to CISA's KEV catalog (2026-05-20), EPSS assigns it a 63.1% probability of exploitation within 30 days, and headlines confirm it is being exploited in the wild alongside CVE-2026-41091.

Do: Apply mitigations per Microsoft's vendor instructions and follow applicable CISA BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, as required by the KEV entry. Ensure the Defender antimalware platform and its security intelligence updates are fully current on all endpoints, and check event logs for Defender service crashes or disabled protection that may indicate exploitation. Ransomware use is currently listed as unknown, so treat any Defender outage on exposed systems as a potential precursor to follow-on activity.

CVE-2026-8398 (CWE-506, embedded malicious code) is a supply chain compromise in which attackers gained access to AVB Disc Soft's build or distribution infrastructure and trojanized the official Windows installers of DAEMON Tools Lite versions 12.5.0.2421 through 12.5.0.2434, distributed from the legitimate site daemon-tools.cc between approximately April 8 and May 5, 2026. The flaw is triggered by installing or running one of these tampered builds, which shipped backdoored copies of DTHelper.exe, DiscSoftBusServiceLite.exe, and DTShellHlp.exe digitally signed with the vendor's legitimate code-signing certificate, allowing them to bypass signature-based detection. Once executed, the embedded backdoor gives attackers a trusted foothold and code execution on the affected Windows host, potentially enabling credential theft, further compromise, or ransomware follow-on activity (ransomware linkage currently unknown). Anyone who downloaded and installed DAEMON Tools Lite from the official site during the affected window is impacted; users with other or older builds are not part of this trojanized distribution. The issue was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-27, confirming exploitation in the wild, and a public technical write-up is available via Kaspersky's Securelist.

Do: Identify hosts that installed DAEMON Tools Lite 12.5.0.2421–12.5.0.2434 from daemon-tools.cc during the affected window; remove/reinstall the software from a clean, current build obtained from the vendor and verify the signatures of DTHelper.exe, DiscSoftBusServiceLite.exe, and DTShellHlp.exe. Because the trojanized binaries were validly signed, treat affected systems as potentially compromised and hunt for persistence, anomalous process activity, and C2 traffic associated with the backdoor. Federal agencies must apply vendor mitigations per BOD 22-01 guidance or discontinue use of the product by the KEV deadline (listed 2026-05-27).

CVE-2026-42897 is an improper-neutralization flaw (CWE-79) in Microsoft Exchange Server that lets an unauthenticated remote attacker perform cross-site scripting and carry out spoofing. Per the CVSS vector (AV:N/PR:N/UI:R), exploitation requires a victim to interact with attacker-controlled content — reported attacks by the Russian actor Laundry Bear (TA488) trigger when a crafted email is opened in Exchange's webmail interface (Outlook Web Access). The attacker gains the ability to spoof the victim within their webmail session, and reported intrusions show mailbox access persisting even after organizations rotate credentials. Any organization running on-premises Microsoft Exchange Server or Exchange Server Subscription Edition is potentially exposed, particularly those publishing webmail to the internet; specific affected version ranges are not provided in the available data. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA KEV on 2026-05-15 and carries a very high EPSS score of 71.2%, though no public proof-of-concept is known.

Do: Apply Microsoft's security update for CVE-2024-42897 to all on-premises Exchange and Exchange Subscription Edition servers per vendor guidance — no specific patch versions are provided in the available data, so consult the vendor advisory for build numbers. Federal agencies must patch or apply mitigations per BOD 22-01 given the KEV listing. Because reported attacks (Laundry Bear/TA488) maintain mailbox access after password resets, treat any suspected compromise as persistent: review OWA access logs and inbox rules for anomalies, and invalidate active webmail sessions and tokens, not just credentials.

CVE-2026-20182 is a critical authentication flaw (CWE-287) in the control-connection peering authentication of Cisco Catalyst SD-WAN Controller (formerly vSmart), Manager (formerly vManage), and Validator (formerly vBond). Because the peering authentication mechanism does not work properly, an unauthenticated, remote attacker can send crafted requests during the control-connection handshake and log in to the controller as an internal, high-privileged, non-root user without valid credentials. With this access, the attacker can reach NETCONF and manipulate network configuration across the entire SD-WAN fabric. Any organization running these Catalyst SD-WAN control components is affected, and the flaw carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 10.0 and a 91.5% EPSS score. CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-14, confirming exploitation in the wild, amid a series of exploited Cisco SD-WAN zero-days including a compromise at a communications service provider.

Do: Upgrade affected Catalyst SD-WAN Controller, Manager, and Validator components to the fixed releases identified in Cisco's May 2026 advisory (version numbers are not provided in this data). Use the advisory's 'show control connections' guidance to inspect control-connection handshaking for anomalies and audit for unauthorized high-privileged non-root accounts and unexpected NETCONF sessions. Operators — especially federal agencies — should follow CISA Emergency Directive 26-03 and CISA's Hunt & Hardening Guidance for Cisco SD-WAN Devices, including restricting internet exposure of SD-WAN management interfaces until patched.

CVE-2026-0257 is an authentication bypass in the GlobalProtect portal and gateway of Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS that allows a remote, unauthenticated attacker to defeat security restrictions and establish an unauthorized VPN connection; incident reporting indicates it involves forged VPN cookies (CWE-565). An attacker who succeeds gains the network access of a legitimate remote-access user, and Qilin ransomware affiliates have been using this flaw as their initial access vector. Any organization running PAN-OS with the GlobalProtect portal or gateway enabled is in scope, including Siemens RUGGEDCOM APE1808 appliances that run PAN-OS, while Panorama and Cloud NGFW are explicitly not affected. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA KEV on 2026-05-29 with ransomware use known, EPSS assigns it a 93.9% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile), and Rapid7 has documented attacks against multiple customers.

Do: Upgrade PAN-OS to the fixed release specified in the Palo Alto Networks security advisory, and check Siemens' guidance if you operate RUGGEDCOM APE1808 appliances. Review GlobalProtect portal/gateway logs for forged VPN cookies and unauthorized VPN sessions, and hunt for Qilin ransomware indicators on hosts reachable through the VPN. If patching cannot happen immediately, restrict internet exposure of the GlobalProtect portal and gateway; federal agencies must apply mitigations per BOD 22-01 given the KEV listing.

CVE-2026-45321 is a supply chain compromise in which 84 malicious versions across 42 @tanstack/* npm packages (including @tanstack/react-router, @tanstack/react-start, @tanstack/history, and related router/start packages) were published to the npm registry on 2026-05-11 between roughly 19:20 and 19:26 UTC, authenticated through TanStack's legitimate GitHub Actions OIDC trusted-publisher binding. The attacker chained three known weakness classes — a pull_request_target 'Pwn Request' misconfiguration, GitHub Actions cache poisoning across the fork-to-base trust boundary, and runtime memory extraction of the OIDC token from the Actions runner process — allowing publication under a trusted identity without modifying the publish workflow. Each affected package received exactly two malicious versions carrying credential-stealing malware, so developers, CI pipelines, or downstream builds that installed them could have npm, GitHub, and cloud credentials extracted; related reporting (FBI, StepSecurity) links the campaign to stolen cloud credentials and a self-spreading 'Mini Shai-Hulud' worm that also hit packages in other ecosystems such as Mistral AI and Guardrails AI. Exposure is limited to consumers who installed the two malicious versions published per package during the exposure window; other users of these widely deployed libraries were not affected by the malicious publishes. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the issue was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-27 with known ransomware use, and EPSS estimates a 2.3% probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (83rd percentile).

Do: Audit lockfiles and CI logs for the affected @tanstack/* packages' versions published during the 2026-05-11 ~19:20-19:26 UTC window; if found, reinstall from clean versions per the TanStack postmortem (tanstack.com/blog/npm-supply-chain-compromise-postmortem) and rotate exposed credentials (npm tokens, GitHub PATs/secrets, cloud keys), treating any cached CI artifacts as suspect. Apply mitigations per vendor instructions and CISA BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable, and remediate the underlying CI weaknesses (pull_request_target handling, Actions cache hygiene, and OIDC token handling) to prevent recurrence.

BerriAI LiteLLM, an open-source proxy server (AI gateway) used to call LLM APIs in OpenAI or native format, contains a SQL injection (CWE-89) in the database query performed during proxy API key checks in versions 1.81.16 through before 1.83.7: the caller-supplied key value was mixed into the query text rather than passed as a parameter. An unauthenticated attacker triggers the flaw by sending a specially crafted Authorization header to any LLM API route (for example POST /chat/completions), reaching the vulnerable query through the proxy's error-handling path. Successful exploitation lets the attacker read data from the proxy's database and potentially modify it, leading to unauthorized access to the proxy and the API keys/credentials it manages; CVSS 4.0 rates it 9.3 (critical). Any organization running an affected LiteLLM proxy version is affected, particularly instances reachable over a network. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was reportedly exploited within 36 hours of disclosure, CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-08, and EPSS puts the 30-day exploitation probability at 89.4%.

Do: Upgrade LiteLLM to version 1.83.7 or later immediately; exploitation began within 36 hours of disclosure, the flaw is in CISA's KEV catalog, and federal agencies must apply mitigations under BOD 22-01. Until patched, restrict network access to the proxy, and review proxy database logs for unexpected queries or unauthorized key usage; if compromise is suspected, rotate the API keys and credentials stored in the proxy database. Also check your exposure to the separately reported LiteLLM issue CVE-2026-42271, which is reported as exploited in the wild and chains to unauthenticated RCE.

Ivanti Endpoint Manager Mobile (EPMM) contains an improper input validation flaw (CWE-20) that allows a remotely authenticated user with administrative access to achieve remote code execution on the server. An attacker triggers it by sending crafted input to the EPMM management interface after authenticating with administrative credentials, so compromise or misuse of an admin account is the likely path to exploitation. Successful exploitation yields code execution on the EPMM server, giving an attacker a foothold in the organization's mobile device management infrastructure and potential access to data managed through it. Any organization running Ivanti EPMM, typically enterprises using it as their MDM platform, is affected; the available data does not specify affected version ranges. The vulnerability was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-07, confirming active exploitation (ransomware use unknown), and it carries a high 34.5% EPSS for exploitation in the next 30 days.

Do: Update EPMM to the patched release identified in Ivanti's advisory, as required under CISA KEV and BOD 22-01 for federal agencies. Until patched, restrict and audit administrative access to EPMM, review authentication and admin-activity logs for signs of abuse, and limit exposure of the management interface to trusted networks.

Palo Alto Networks PAN-OS contains an out-of-bounds write vulnerability (CWE-787) in the User-ID Authentication Portal, also known as the Captive Portal service. An unauthenticated attacker can trigger the flaw by sending specially crafted packets to the portal, without needing valid credentials. Successful exploitation allows the attacker to execute arbitrary code with root privileges on the firewall, giving full control of PA-Series and VM-Series devices. Any organization running PA-Series or VM-Series firewalls with the User-ID Authentication Portal service enabled is affected. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2026-05-06, indicating exploitation in the wild; EPSS puts the 30-day exploitation probability at 31.7% (98th percentile), patches were released on 2026-05-13, no public PoC is known, and CVSS scoring is not yet available.

Do: Apply the PAN-OS patches Palo Alto Networks released on 5/13/2026, prioritizing internet-facing PA-Series and VM-Series firewalls. As an interim mitigation, restrict User-ID Authentication Portal access to trusted zones only, or disable the service entirely if it is not required. Inventory your deployments for use of the Captive Portal/User-ID Authentication Portal and follow CISA KEV and BOD 22-01 requirements, including for affected cloud service instances; note that federal agencies face KEV remediation deadlines.

CVE-2026-41940 is a critical missing-authentication flaw (CWE-306) in the login flow of WebPros cPanel & WHM (versions after 11.40) and WP2 (WordPress Squared) that lets unauthenticated remote attackers bypass authentication and gain unauthorized access to the control panel. Because no privileges, user interaction, or special conditions are required, any attacker who can reach the login endpoint over the network can attempt it. Beyond control-panel account takeover, public proofs of concept — including watchTowr's 'AuthBypass to RCE' exploit — show the flaw can be chained to remote code execution, and reporting indicates a single hosting customer could obtain root control of an entire shared server. Any hosting provider, MSP, reseller, or organization running cPanel/WHM or WP Squared is affected; cPanel is the dominant commercial hosting control panel, implying a very large installed base of shared-hosting servers and hosted domains. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: CISA added it to the KEV on 2026-04-30 with known ransomware use, EPSS assigns a 98.5% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile), and multiple threat actors are actively exploiting it, including against government and MSP networks.

Do: Patch immediately per WebPros' advisory — the source data does not specify fixed version numbers, so follow vendor instructions for exact patched releases; CISA KEV/BOD 22-01 requires federal agencies to apply mitigations or discontinue use by the stated deadline (reported as Sunday). Until patched, restrict access to the cPanel/WHM login interface (IP allowlisting, VPN, or limiting management-interface exposure) and hunt for indicators of compromise such as unexpected control-panel logins, new admin accounts, webshells, or ransomware artifacts. The referenced public PoCs can be used to validate whether your instances are exploitable.