Anthropic warns small AI models could self-replicate through IoT devices
Anthropic found small models cannot yet self-replicate across IoT devices, though larger GLM-5.2 appeared capable.
Anthropic reported research into whether small models could form autonomous worms that carry their weights onto IoT devices, adapt exploits, and propagate, unlike static worms such as Mirai. In tests, agents attempted target discovery, code execution, local inference setup, and further spread, but none of the lightweight models completed that cycle end to end. Gemma4-26B-A4B ran at 0.39 tokens per second across 15 Android TV boxes, with inference setup taking 71 to 150 hours, versus 29 to 51 hours for Qwen3.5-9B. Researchers said the larger GLM-5.2 model appeared able to complete the process reliably.