US offers up to $10 million for information on CyberAv3ngers' 'Mr. Soul,' whose IOControl malware targets US and worldwide ICS/SCADA devices.
The State Department announced a reward of up to $10 million for information on an online persona known as Mr. Soul (or Mr. Soll) tied to CyberAv3ngers, which conducts malicious cyber activity for Iran's IRGC Cyber-Electronic Command. CyberAv3ngers used the IOControl malware against ICS/SCADA devices in the US, Israel and worldwide, targeting products from Unitronics, D-Link, Hikvision and Baicells, according to Claroty and Armis analyses. The malware allows remote control of infected devices and lateral movement within victim networks. The reward follows an August action offering rewards for and sanctioning six Iranian government hackers and comes amid the widening Israel-Iran military conflict.
New Mirai botnet variant exploits nine vulnerabilities in SonicWall, D-Link, Netgear, and other devices, with attacks ongoing at publication.
Unit 42 observed attacks exploiting VisualDoor (SonicWall SSL-VPN), CVE-2020-25506 (D-Link DNS-320), CVE-2020-26919 (Netgear ProSAFE Plus), and other flaws, with infrastructure rotating across at least three IP addresses between February 16 and March 13, 2021. Payloads were updated hours after CVE-2021-27561 and CVE-2021-27562 (Yealink Device Management, unauthenticated root RCE) and later added CVE-2021-22502 (Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter) and CVE-2019-19356 (Netis WF2419). Successful exploitation invokes wget to fetch shell scripts that download Mirai binaries compiled for multiple architectures and brute-forcers, and attacks were still ongoing when reported.
Unit 42 observed the MooBot Mirai variant exploiting four D-Link vulnerabilities to compromise unpatched routers for use in DDoS attacks.
Unit 42 captured attacks exploiting four D-Link remote code execution vulnerabilities: CVE-2015-2051, CVE-2018-6530, CVE-2022-26258, and CVE-2022-28958, with three rated critical at CVSS 9.8. The exploits download the MooBot malware, a Mirai botnet variant, from infrastructure at 159.203.15.179 via wget. Compromised devices fall under full attacker control and can be used for distributed denial-of-service attacks. D-Link has published bulletins for all four flaws, but unpatched devices remain exposed.
Unit 42 tracks a Mirai botnet campaign exploiting over 20 IoT vulnerabilities in routers, cameras and DVRs to build DDoS botnets since March 2023.
Since March 2023, Unit 42 has tracked threat actors exploiting more than 20 IoT vulnerabilities to spread a Mirai botnet variant, first seen downloading payloads from zvub.us on March 14, 2023. Exploited flaws span CVE-2023-1389 (TP-Link Archer), CVE-2022-30525 (Zyxel), CVE-2022-31499 (Nortek) and many router, camera and DVR bugs. The variant decrypts configuration strings with an XOR key derived from 0xDEADBEEF and lacks built-in credential brute forcing, so spreading relies on manual operator exploitation. Two campaigns observed since October 2022 share infrastructure and near-identical samples.
Fortinet researchers documented Evooo1Bot, a new Mirai-derived Linux botnet active since July 2026 that exploits known edge-device flaws to build SOCKS5 proxy networks.
Fortinet FortiGuard Labs identified Evooo1Bot, a previously undocumented Linux botnet built on the leaked Mirai source code, active in the wild since July 2026 and targeting internet-facing edge devices. It exploits numerous known CVEs in routers and devices from D-Link, Tenda, Telesquare, Zyxel, Hikvision, Atlassian Confluence, WSO2, TP-Link, NETGEAR, and others, delivering a bot binary via a wget.sh loader from 91.92.40.118 that clears bash history. The bot offers encrypted C2 on port 443, SSH brute-force scanning, credential sniffing, DDoS over DNS/TCP/UDP, an HTTP exploit dispatcher, and converts infected hosts into SOCKS5 proxies for anonymizing follow-on operations.
An OS command injection exploit was published for the D-Link DNS-340L NAS, a flaw relevant to exposed network storage devices.
Exploit-DB published exploit #52643 for the D-Link DNS-340L network-attached storage device. The vulnerability is an OS command injection, which could allow arbitrary command execution on affected devices. The disclosure text does not report exploitation in the wild.
FortiGuard Labs reports new Mirai-derived botnet Evooo1Bot actively exploits unpatched routers and edge devices, adding encrypted C2, stealthy SSH scanning, and proxying.
FortiGuard Labs has identified Evooo1Bot, a previously undocumented Linux malware based on the Mirai botnet code, which has been actively exploiting unpatched vulnerabilities in internet-facing hardware for at least a month. Targeted devices include routers and edge hardware from Alcatel, D-Link, Mitsubishi Electric, Netgear, Tenda and Telesquare, with telemetry showing activity in North and South America, Europe, India, China and Japan. Beyond Mirai's usual DDoS functions, the variant adds encrypted C2 communications, a honeypot-aware SSH scanner, a sniffer for unchanged default credentials, and abuse of the SOCKS protocol to turn compromised devices into persistent proxies for concealing origin and pivoting into internal networks.
OS Command Injection in Zyxel Firewalls Enables Remote Command Execution
CVE-2022-30525 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in the CGI program of certain Zyxel firewall firmware versions. By sending crafted requests to the vulnerable CGI program, an attacker can modify specific files on the appliance and inject and execute operating system commands. Successful exploitation yields command execution on the firewall itself, allowing an attacker to alter device files/configuration and potentially pivot into the protected network — the class of edge-device flaw commonly targeted by ransomware operators (ransomware use in this case is not yet confirmed). Organizations running affected Zyxel firewalls, particularly those with management interfaces reachable from the internet, are at risk. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA's KEV on 2022-05-16, EPSS assigns a 99.9% 30-day exploitation probability (100th percentile), and no public PoC is catalogued yet.
· Zyxel Multiple firewall firmware versions; exact affected version ranges per Zyxel's advisory (not enumerated in source data) KEV PoC ×3large
CVE-2023-1389 is a command injection flaw (CWE-77) in TP-Link's Archer AX21 Wi-Fi 6 router that lets an attacker execute arbitrary operating-system commands on the device. It is triggered by sending crafted input to a remotely reachable service on the router, which passes attacker-controlled values to the device's shell without proper sanitization; the source data does not specify the vulnerable endpoint or exact affected firmware ranges. Successful exploitation yields remote code execution on the router, giving the attacker a foothold in the network where the router sits, from which they can pivot or abuse the device further. Any household or organization running an Archer AX21 router is affected, with the highest risk where the router's management interface is exposed to the internet. The flaw was added to CISA's KEV catalog on 2023-05-01, confirming exploitation in the wild; EPSS assigns a ~100% probability of exploitation within 30 days (top percentile), while no public proof-of-concept or ransomware association is documented in the source data.
Telesquare SDT-CW3B1 1.1.0 is affected by an OS command injection vulnerability that allows a remote attacker to execute OS commands without any authentication.
Telesquare SDT-CW3B1 1.1.0 is affected by an OS command injection vulnerability that allows a remote attacker to execute OS commands without any authentication.
Unauthenticated Command Injection RCE in Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter
CVE-2021-22502 is an unauthenticated OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) in Micro Focus Operation Bridge Reporter (OBR) version 10.40, rated critical (CVSS 9.8) because it is reachable over the network with no privileges or user interaction required. By sending crafted input to the exposed OBR service, an attacker can inject operating-system commands that are executed directly on the OBR server. Successful exploitation yields full remote code execution with the privileges of the affected service, giving attackers a foothold in enterprise IT operations environments. Organizations running OBR 10.40 — an enterprise IT-operations analytics/reporting server — are affected, particularly where the OBR interface is reachable from untrusted networks. Exploitation status is high-concern: the flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2021-11-03, a public proof-of-concept for unauthenticated command injection exists, and EPSS puts the 30-day exploitation probability at 96.7% (top percentile).
Unauthenticated Command Injection in Tenda AC7, AC9, and AC10 Routers
CVE-2018-14558 is an unauthenticated OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) in the web interface of Tenda AC7, AC9, and AC10 routers, where the formsetUsbUnload handler passes untrusted input to the dosystemCmd function. An attacker triggers it by sending a crafted HTTP request to the goform/setUsbUnload endpoint, requiring no authentication or user interaction per the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Successful exploitation yields arbitrary command execution on the router, enabling full device takeover for traffic interception, botnet enrollment, or pivoting into the local network. Anyone running AC7 firmware through V15.03.06.44_CN(AC7), AC9 firmware through V15.03.05.19(6318)_CN(AC9), or AC10 firmware through V15.03.06.23_CN(AC10) is affected. The flaw has a public proof of concept, an 8.7% EPSS (95th percentile), and was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2021-11-03, indicating exploitation in the wild.
· Tenda AC7 router firmware through V15.03.06.44_CN(AC7) · Tenda AC9 router firmware through V15.03.05.19(6318)_CN(AC9) KEV PoC mass
Unauthenticated OGNL Injection RCE in Atlassian Confluence Server/Data Center
Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center contain an unauthenticated remote code execution flaw caused by improper neutralization of expression-language (OGNL) input (CWE-917): an attacker with network access to the application can submit a crafted request that is evaluated as an expression and executed by the server. Successful exploitation lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker run arbitrary code with the privileges of the Confluence process, without any credentials. All organizations running self-managed Confluence Server or Data Center are affected, particularly instances exposed to the internet; Confluence Cloud is not listed among the affected products. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA's KEV on 2022-06-02 with ransomware use marked as known, and EPSS assigns a 100% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile). CVSS has not yet been scored in this data, but the KEV listing and known ransomware use make unpatched, internet-facing instances a top-priority patching target.
· Atlassian Confluence Server · Atlassian Confluence Data Center KEV ransomware PoC ×2large
Unrestricted file upload leading to unauthenticated RCE in multiple WSO2 products
CVE-2022-29464 is an unrestricted file upload flaw (CISA classifies it as CWE-22, path traversal) in multiple WSO2 products — including WSO2 API Manager, Identity Server (and its Analytics and as-Key-Manager variants), and Enterprise Integrator — that lets an attacker write arbitrary files, such as JSP webshells, to any location on the server. It is triggered by sending crafted multipart upload requests to the WSO2 Carbon management-console file-upload endpoints, where directory traversal in the upload path allows files to be planted in the web root; requesting the uploaded file then executes it as code. An attacker who can reach a vulnerable management console gains unauthenticated remote code execution with the privileges of the WSO2 server process, which is often root in containerized deployments, enabling webshells, lateral movement, and ransomware staging. Any organization running affected WSO2 releases is exposed, especially where Identity Server (SSO/IAM) or API Manager gateways are internet-facing; the exact affected version ranges are enumerated in the WSO2 vendor advisory. Exploitation is confirmed: CISA added the flaw to the KEV catalog on 2022-04-25 with known ransomware use, and EPSS assigns a roughly 100% probability of exploitation within 30 days, making patching urgent.
Command Injection RCE as Root in Netis WF2419 Routers
Netis WF2419 routers contain an operating-system command injection flaw (CWE-78) in the router's web management page that allows an attacker to execute arbitrary commands with root privileges. The flaw is triggered through the web management interface, where crafted input is passed to a system command without adequate sanitization, enabling unauthenticated or low-privilege access to escalate to full command execution as root. An attacker who exploits it gains complete control of the router — root-level code execution — which can be used to intercept or manipulate traffic, pivot into the local network, or enlist the device in a botnet. Any user or organization running a Netis WF2419 router is affected, with the greatest risk on devices whose web management page is reachable from the WAN/internet. Although no public proof-of-concept is known and no CVSS score is published, CISA added the issue to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2021-11-03 (confirming in-the-wild exploitation; ransomware use not reported), and the 98th-percentile EPSS of 28.2% indicates an elevated probability of exploitation over the next 30 days.
Arris TR3300 v1.0.13 were discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the ddns function via the ddns_name, ddns_pwd, h_ddns、ddns_host parameters.
Arris TR3300 v1.0.13 were discovered to contain a command injection vulnerability in the ddns function via the ddns_name, ddns_pwd, h_ddns、ddns_host parameters. This vulnerability allows attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted request.
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