Attackers exploited another Gladinet Triofox vulnerability (CVE-2025-12480)

Gladinet CentreStack and Triofox, in their default installation and configuration, contain an unauthenticated local file inclusion flaw (CWE-552) that allows unintended disclosure of system files to remote attackers. The flaw requires no privileges or user interaction (CVSS 3.1: AV:N/PR:N/UI:N, 7.5 High), so any internet-facing deployment is directly reachable over the network. An attacker gains access to system files that should not be externally readable, and related reporting indicates active attacks have chained the flaw — including with Gladinet's hardcoded keys — toward unauthorized access, code execution, and deployment of remote access tools. All versions prior to and including 16.7.10368.56560 of both products are affected. Exploitation has been observed in the wild: the vulnerability was added to CISA's KEV on 2025-11-04 and carries a 92.1% EPSS probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade CentreStack and Triofox to a release newer than 16.7.10368.56560, and apply vendor mitigations per CISA BOD 22-01 requirements (federal agencies must mitigate or discontinue use of affected versions). Until patched, restrict internet exposure of the service and review logs for suspicious unauthenticated requests, unexpected file reads, new accounts, or signs of follow-on compromise such as remote-access tool installation. The Huntress write-up referenced in this record provides exploitation context for detection guidance; no exploit code is required to confirm patch status.

Gladinet Triofox versions prior to 16.7.10368.56560 contain an improper access control flaw (CWE-284) that leaves the product's initial setup pages reachable without authentication even after initial configuration is complete. Because the flaw requires no privileges, user interaction, or special conditions (CVSS:3.1 AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N), a remote attacker can reach these setup pages on an internet-reachable Triofox server. By re-entering the setup flow, an attacker can reconfigure the deployment, and public reporting indicates attackers abused this to run malicious payloads via the antivirus configuration feature and install remote access tools, producing high confidentiality and integrity impact (C:H/I:H/A:N). Any organization running an affected Triofox version, whether deployed on-premises or as a cloud service, is exposed. The flaw is being actively exploited: Google/Mandiant published a public technical writeup, CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-11-12, and EPSS puts the 30-day exploitation probability at 90.5% (100th percentile).

Do: Upgrade Triofox to version 16.7.10368.56560 or later per vendor instructions; where patching is not immediately possible, apply vendor mitigations, restrict access to the setup pages, and note that federal agencies must follow CISA BOD 22-01 guidance (including for cloud services) or discontinue use. Given confirmed in-the-wild exploitation, check for compromise: review the antivirus configuration for tampering, hunt for installed remote access tools or unexpected payloads, and audit accounts and configuration changes made after initial setup.

Gladinet CentreStack (and, per CISA, the companion product Triofox) ships with a hard-coded ASP.NET machineKey in the portal's web.config, which is used to protect ViewState and similar serialized data. An attacker who knows this fixed key can craft a serialized payload and submit it to the network-facing portal, where server-side deserialization executes it, yielding unauthenticated remote code execution (CVSS 9.8, no privileges or user interaction required). Successful RCE gives attackers full control of the file-sharing server (high confidentiality, integrity and availability impact); public reporting indicates attackers have abused the flaw to gain unauthorized access and install remote access tools. Anyone running the affected CentreStack builds is exposed, with self-hosted deployments at SMBs and MSP-hosted environments the typical footprint. The flaw was exploited in the wild in March 2025, was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-04-08, and carries an EPSS of 94.3% (100th percentile).

Do: Upgrade CentreStack to 16.4.10315.56368 or later, and apply the equivalent vendor fix for Triofox; as an interim mitigation, administrators can delete the hard-coded machineKey defined in portal\web.config so it is regenerated. Because the flaw is actively exploited, review portals for signs of compromise (unexpected accounts, unfamiliar processes or remote access tools) and, for federal agencies, follow the applicable BOD 22-01 required actions.

CrushFTP contains an authentication bypass (CWE-305) in its handling of the HTTP authorization header, allowing crafted header values to grant access without valid credentials. A remote, unauthenticated attacker who can reach the server's HTTP/HTTPS interface can use this flaw to authenticate as any known or guessable account, such as the built-in crushadmin user. With administrative access, the attacker can typically achieve full compromise of the file-transfer server, including access to hosted files and user accounts. Any organization running CrushFTP is affected, with internet-exposed instances at the highest risk. The flaw is being actively exploited: it was added to CISA's KEV on 2025-04-07 with known ransomware use, and EPSS assigns it a 100% probability of exploitation within 30 days.

Do: Upgrade to the vendor's fixed releases (10.8.0 for the 10.x line and 11.3.1 for the 11.x line, per vendor advisories); federal agencies must follow BOD 22-01 timelines or discontinue use if mitigations are unavailable. Until patched, restrict network access to the CrushFTP HTTP/HTTPS interface and audit authentication logs for unexpected logins to privileged accounts such as crushadmin. Given confirmed ransomware use, treat internet-exposed instances as actively targeted and verify there are no signs of prior compromise after patching.