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Hundreds of Citrix Endpoints Compromised With Webshells

Vulnerabilities mentionedAll →

CVEVulnerabilityCVSSEPSSFlagsAffectedExposurePublished
CVE-2023-3467
+1 in the same advisory: …3466
Privilege Escalation to root administrator (nsroot)

Privilege Escalation to root administrator (nsroot)

NVD description · AI analysis pending
8.0
group max
1%
  • citrix netscaler application delivery controller
  • citrix netscaler gateway
CVE-2023-3519
Unauthenticated RCE in Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway

CVE-2023-3519 is a critical (CVSS 9.8) unauthenticated remote code execution flaw caused by improper code-injection handling (CWE-94) in Citrix NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway. A remote attacker with no credentials can trigger it by sending crafted requests to an appliance configured as a Gateway (VPN/ICA proxy/RDP proxy) or AAA authentication virtual server, gaining arbitrary code execution on the appliance. Exploitation typically yields a foothold behind the VPN edge — access to internal networks, credential theft, and follow-on activity such as espionage or ransomware deployment. Any organization running unpatched NetScaler ADC/Gateway appliances, especially internet-facing remote-access endpoints, is affected; NetScaler is one of the most widely deployed enterprise VPN/ADC platforms. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA's KEV on 2023-07-19 with known ransomware use, EPSS estimates a 99.7% exploitation probability, and researchers have linked activity to China-nexus espionage (Silk Typhoon) and ransomware operations.

Do: Immediately upgrade internet-facing NetScaler ADC/Gateway appliances to the fixed builds in Citrix's advisory (14.1-8.50+, 13.1-49.13+, 13.0-82.45+, 12.1-55.300+, including FIPS/NDcPP equivalents) — per CISA KEV, apply these mitigations or discontinue use if patching is unavailable. Confirm whether each appliance is configured as a Gateway or AAA virtual server (only those are affected), and hunt for compromise — unexpected configuration changes, unfamiliar accounts, webshells, or anomalous VPN sessions — rotating credentials on any suspected compromise.

9.8100% KEV ransomware PoC
  • Citrix NetScaler ADC Supported releases before the July 2023 fixes, per Citrix advisory: 14.1 before 14.1-8.50; 13.1 before 13.1-49.13; 13.0 before 13.0-82.45; 12.1 before 12.1-55.3
  • Citrix NetScaler Gateway Same affected builds as NetScaler ADC (before 14.1-8.50, 13.1-49.13, 13.0-82.45, 12.1-55.300, and FIPS/NDcPP equivalents); affected when the appliance serves as
largetens of thousands of internet-exposed NetScaler Gateway/ADC appliances (order 10k-100k at disclosure), serving hundreds of thousands to millions of downstream…
Full article334 words · extracted from infosecurity-magazine.com · click to collapse

Around 600 global Citrix servers have been compromised by a zero-day exploit enabling webshells to be installed, according to a non-profit tracking the ongoing campaign.

The Shadowserver Foundation tweeted on 2 August that the number of impacted endpoints stood at 581, but the figure is thought to be just the tip of the iceberg.

The biggest number of impacted IPs are based in Germany, followed by France and Switzerland.

As reported by Infosecurity last week, the malicious campaign exploits zero-day vulnerability CVE-2023-3519 to compromise NetScaler ADC (formerly Citrix ADC) and NetScaler Gateway servers.

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Vulnerability Patching 

The unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability was patched by Citrix on July 15 and has a CVSS score of 9.8.

“Exploits of CVE-2023-3519 on unmitigated appliances have been observed,” Citrix warned at the time. “Cloud Software Group strongly urges affected customers of NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway to install the relevant updated versions as soon as possible.”

At the time, Citrix also patched two other vulnerabilities: reflected cross-site scripting bug CVE-2023-3466, and CVE-2023-3467, which enables privilege escalation to root administrator.

Warning from Shadowserver 

The Shadowserver Foundation, which monitors malicious internet activity across the globe, alerted Citrix users to the campaign last week. It warned that over 15,000 NetScaler ADC and NetScaler Gateway servers were at risk of compromise, with the biggest number based in the US, followed by Germany, the UK and Australia.

Read more on Citrix vulnerabilities: Citrix Admins Urged to Act as PoC Exploits Surface

The zero-day was originally exploited to drop webshells onto an unnamed US critical infrastructure organization’s non-production environment, according to the US Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA).

“The webshell enabled the actors to perform discovery on the victim’s active directory (AD) and collect and exfiltrate AD data,” it continued. “The actors attempted to move laterally to a domain controller but network segmentation controls for the appliance blocked movement.”

That attack happened back in June 2023.

Editorial image credit: Ken Wolter / Shutterstock.com

Text extracted automatically; images, tables and formatting may be missing. Original: https://www.infosecurity-magazine.com/news/hundreds-citrix-compromised/