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Multiple VLC Media Player Vulnerabilities Allow Attackers to Corrupt or Read Heap Memory

Two VLC 3.0 flaws, CVE-2026-56711 (heap corruption, CVSS 8.6) and CVE-2026-73324 (memory leak), let crafted PNGs or RTSP playlists corrupt memory or leak data.

Hap Security researcher Fabian Wahle disclosed two VLC Media Player flaws on September 9, 2026, affecting versions 3.0.0 through 3.0.23. CVE-2026-56711 (CVSS 8.6) is an integer overflow and out-of-bounds write in the AllocatePicture function, exploitable via a crafted PNG with oversized IHDR dimensions, potentially causing crashes or code execution. CVE-2026-73324 (CVSS 6.9) lets a malicious RTSP server read adjacent heap memory through an unterminated 4096-byte response line, triggerable via a realrtsp playlist URL. No patched release is confirmed yet; users should avoid untrusted media files, playlists, and RTSP streams.

Characterizing Network Centralization and Observability in the Remote MCP Ecosystemnew

A measurement study of 179 remote MCP servers finds heavy infrastructure concentration (HHI 0.736) and a security-observability tradeoff in platform OAuth.

The paper introduces a three-tier observability framework (catalog metadata, passive compliance signals, live vulnerability analysis) applied to a stratified sample of 179 remote Model Context Protocol (MCP) endpoints from two public registries. The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index over ASN distribution is 0.736, well above the 0.25 high-concentration threshold, and 95% of commercial PaaS-hosted servers enforce gateway-level OAuth 2.1 with PKCE. Authentication correlates strongly with hosting platform choice rather than operator configuration, creating a security-observability tradeoff that constrains automated scanning for tool-poisoning vectors without prior credentials.

arXiv cs.CR · 11h agoAI safety & security

Why Is SHAP Not a Reliable Standalone Explanation Framework for Malware Detection?

arXiv paper shows SHAP gives unreliable standalone explanations for malware detection, with attribution dilution and sign reversal in dependent PE feature spaces.

The paper argues SHAP's formal guarantees are insufficient for reliable malware interpretation because the explained feature-coalition game is fixed only by analyst choices, not by malware behavior in the data. In static Portable Executable feature spaces, dependent feature groups cause conditional SHAP to dilute credit by a factor of 1/m across redundant features, attribute importance to features the model never uses, and even reverse attribution signs; interventional SHAP queries off-manifold coalitions no real executable exhibits. Experiments on EMBER-2018, EMBER-2024, and BODMAS with fixed LightGBM and XGBoost detectors confirm these effects. The authors position SHAP as a limited diagnostic requiring explicit data-distribution statements and domain validation, not a standalone explanation framework.

arXiv cs.CR · 13d agoResearch1

Two Arrests, One Supply-Chain Attack, and a Lot of Stolen Credentials

AFP charges two men over TeamPCP open-source supply-chain attacks that stole 500,000+ credentials from 1,000+ organizations via four malware families.

Australian police charged two Western Australian men as principal participants in TeamPCP, which allegedly inserted malicious code into open-source software to steal credentials and sensitive data from government, academia, and private sector organizations worldwide. The campaign compromised more than 1,000 organizations, harvested over 500,000 credentials, and exfiltrated at least 300 GB of data, with remediation costs in the hundreds of millions of dollars. Four malware families were deployed: CanisterWorm (cloud token harvesting), SANDCLOCK (AWS and Kubernetes credential theft), Mini Shai-Hulud (self-replicating npm/PyPI worm), and Miasma (credential-harvesting worm variant). Trojanized tools included Trivy, KICS, LiteLLM, and the Telnyx Python SDK, with exfiltration via GitHub repositories tpcp-docs and docs-tpcp.

Security Affairs · 20d agoThreat actor in the wild1

Understanding the Privacy-Preserving Potential of HTTP/2 Against Webpage Fingerprinting

Researchers show HTTP/2 features can emulate website fingerprinting defenses like FRONT and Tamaraw with tunable privacy-overhead trade-offs.

An arXiv paper demonstrates that application-layer defenses such as HTTPOS, LLaMA, FRONT, ALPaCA, and Tamaraw can be emulated through HTTP/2 features at both the client and server side, including proactive resource suggestion, multiplexing, and flow control. The authors propose a unified evaluation blueprint that calibrates defense parameters per dataset, combines practical attacks with information-theoretic leakage estimators, and measures overheads to map each defense's privacy-overhead trade-offs.

arXiv cs.CR · 12d agoResearch

DPRK APTs: Ted backdoor and curlRAT target South Korean media and automotive sectors

Rapid7 uncovered a DPRK-linked Linux toolkit using a HAProxy-embedded ted backdoor, SSH keylogger, and curlRAT against South Korean media and automotive firms.

Rapid7 Labs identified a previously undocumented framework attributed with medium confidence to DPRK actors, targeting South Korean automotive and media organizations likely since early 2025. The toolkit embeds a backdoor compiled into HAProxy 2.8.12 using its filter API, plus trojanized crond, agetty, atd, sshd, and polkitd, an SSH keylogger storing credentials under /var/lib/sshd/, and a curl-based RAT with a watchdog thread. It enables remote command execution, malicious script injection into served webpages (a watering-hole loop), credential harvesting, and long-term surveillance. Hardcoded C2s are associated with APT37 via ThreatFox, and exposed groupware portals and mail servers align with Kimsuky tradecraft; the initial access vector and any CVE remain unconfirmed.

Rapid7 Blog · 12d agoThreat actor in the wild1

Honeypot-Omaha and batch.py [Guest Diary], (Wed, Sep 2nd)

A SANS ISC guest diary describes batch.py, a Python tool that consolidates honeypot logs and enriches IOCs with threat intelligence data.

Written by a SANS.edu BACS intern, the diary explains analysis of the DShield Honeypot-Omaha sensor, which uses Cowrie to emulate SSH and Telnet and log attacker activity. The author's batch.py script implements a four-phase pipeline with SHA-256-generated master and guest authentication to consolidate JSON and log files, correlate data via external APIs, and produce MITRE, CVE, geolocation, threat-score and fingerprint enrichment for investigated indicators.

SANS Internet Storm Center · 14d agoTools1

Two alleged TeamPCP hackers arrested over global supply chain attacks

AFP and FBI arrested two alleged TeamPCP hackers behind open-source supply chain attacks that stole 500,000+ credentials from 1,000+ organizations.

Australian Federal Police, working with the FBI and Western Australia Police, arrested a 21-year-old from Cottesloe and a 23-year-old from Mandurah on August 26, 2026, over alleged membership in the TeamPCP cybercrime group. The group allegedly planted malicious code in open-source packages, harvesting credentials, authentication tokens and at least 300 GB of data from over 1,000 organizations, with remediation costs estimated in the hundreds of millions of dollars. TeamPCP has been linked to supply chain attacks on GitHub, Telnyx, LiteLLM, Aqua Trivy, Checkmarx KICS, TanStack, MistralAI and Red Hat using a cloned self-replicating worm dubbed Shai-Hulud. Researchers note TeamPCP cloned the Shai-Hulud worm but was not behind the original 2025 attacks.

Help Net Security · 21d agoThreat actor

North Korea-linked Hackers Hide a Backdoor Inside HAProxy

Rapid7 reports North Korea-linked hackers implanted a backdoor compiled into HAProxy at South Korean automotive and media firms, enabling covert C2 and credential theft.

Rapid7 documented a previously undocumented Linux toolkit hitting South Korean automotive and media organizations, centered on a backdoor compiled directly into victims' HAProxy 2.8.12. The 'ted backdoor' uses HAProxy's native filter API to intercept HTTP traffic, receive C2 commands hidden in requests to a fake image path, and erase all traces from logs and counters; the toolkit also trojanizes crond, agetty, atd, sshd, and polkitd, adds an SSH keylogger, and runs curlRAT with virtualization checks. It can inject scripts or replace page content for selected victims, turning the load balancer into a watering hole. Attribution sits at medium confidence toward North Korean state actors, with overlaps to APT37-linked infrastructure and a concurrent Lazarus campaign; the campaign's command domains have since gone dark.

Security Affairs · 8d agoThreat actor in the wild1

AVP-Inspect: Coordinated Cyber-Physical Testing for Privacy Analysis of COTS Apple Vision Pro Applications

AVP-Inspect automated testing finds 58% of 324 Apple Vision Pro apps show privacy violations, with over 60% of network traffic flows undisclosed.

Researchers built AVP-Inspect, a dynamic analysis framework combining custom hardware device control, 3D UI exploration, and a unified privacy taxonomy for Apple Vision Pro. Testing 324 App Store apps for 20 minutes each found 188 (58.0%) with at least one privacy violation. More than 60% of observed network traffic flows were not properly disclosed, extending prior XR privacy work beyond Android-based devices such as Meta Quest.

arXiv cs.CR · 9d agoResearch1

Closing the Loop: Bidirectional Fully Encrypted Protocols

Researchers show naively composing unidirectional fully encrypted protocols is detectable and construct provably secure bidirectional FEPs, validated in Rust.

The paper introduces formal security definitions for bidirectional fully encrypted protocols (BiFEPs), covering exact shaping, delivery, protocol-state integrity, private half-close, and cross-direction isolation. It shows trivially composing two unidirectional FEPs enables detection attacks via cross-direction dependencies like traffic imbalance and connection tear-down. The authors construct provably secure BiFEPs for datastream and datagram settings, validated with a Rust implementation; no surveyed deployed protocol provides the full set of properties.

arXiv cs.CR · 1d agoResearch

Attack Paths Into VMs in the Cloud

Unit 42 maps attack paths into AWS, Azure, and GCP VMs through intended features like startup scripts and SSH key pushes.

Palo Alto Unit 42 reviewed attack vectors against virtual machine services on AWS, Azure, and GCP, finding that 11% of internet-exposed cloud hosts carry Critical or High severity vulnerabilities. The attack paths rely on legitimate features such as EC2 User Data, VM custom data, EC2 Instance Connect, SSM Run Command, and serial consoles rather than vulnerabilities, and exploiting them requires attackers to first obtain control plane permissions. A compromised VM exposes not only its data but the workload identity and cloud permissions assigned to it, making identity compromise potentially more damaging than data theft. The firm places mitigation responsibility on cloud users and administrators.

Palo Alto Unit 42 · Aug 17, 2026Research1

One in four MCP servers opens AI agent security to code execution risk

Noma Security whitepaper finds most popular AI Skills and many MCP servers carry high-risk capabilities, with state changes most prevalent.

Noma Security analyzed hundreds of popular MCP servers and Skills across eight risk categories, finding most widely used Skills carry at least one risky characteristic and a typical enterprise runs well over a hundred high-risk agent tools, with arbitrary code execution common across MCP servers. The most prevalent risk is the ability to change state or data, and named toxic combinations include ContextCrush data leakage, ForcedLeak via poisoned Salesforce CRM records, DockerDash supply-chain compromise, the Replit production database deletion, and the hijacked Amazon Q VS Code extension. Building on OWASP LLM06:2025, the paper proposes the No Excessive CAP framework of capabilities, autonomy, and permissions, recommending allowlisting, MCP version pinning, approval gates on irreversible actions, and user-scoped expiring credentials.

Help Net Security · 24d agoAI safety & security

New Ted Backdoor Hides Inside Victims' Own HAProxy Builds to Intercept Web Traffic

Rapid7 found a new backdoor, ted, compiled into trojanized HAProxy at two South Korean organizations, with medium-confidence attribution to North Korean actors.

Rapid7 documented a previously undocumented Linux toolkit named ted compiled into the HAProxy load balancer binaries of two South Korean organizations in the automotive and media sectors. The implant intercepts web traffic, serves altered pages only to filtered visitors, and hides C2 exchanges from backend logs and HAProxy statistics; a companion RAT, curlRAT, beacons on a default 12-hour schedule. The toolkit also trojanizes crond, sshd, agetty, atd, and polkitd binaries and sanitizes logs and bash history. Rapid7 attributes the activity with medium confidence to North Korean state-sponsored actors, with domain infrastructure overlapping APT37 listings in maltrail and delivery resembling the Operation SyncHole campaign.

The Hacker News · 12d agoThreat actor in the wild

From Hypervisor to Container: Cloud Security Vulnerabilities, Defense Mechanisms, and Open Challenges

Survey of 120+ cloud security papers (2008-2025) reviews hypervisor and container isolation attacks, scoring defenses with the ADPO framework and CIA impact scale.

This survey reviews over 120 security publications from 2008 to 2025 on breaches of cloud isolation boundaries via virtual machines and containers. Threats examined include VM escape, VM hopping, CPU cache side-channels, container breakouts, vulnerable container images, and DDoS attacks. The authors introduce ADPO, a 0-3 scoring framework rating defenses on accuracy, deployment ease, performance impact, and operational overhead, plus a 1-5 CIA severity mapping for attack impact.

arXiv cs.CR · 1d agoResearch

CVE-2026-86465: Apache Airflow Akeyless provider: Akeyless secrets backend: team-scope guard bypass via user-controlled key

Apache Airflow Akeyless provider before 0.3.1 lets DAG authors bypass team-scope guards and read other teams' secrets.

CVE-2026-86465 (moderate) affects apache-airflow-providers-akeyless before 0.3.1. The Akeyless secrets backend's team-scope guard can be bypassed with a user-controlled key: in multi-team deployments, a DAG author scoped to one team can supply a Variable key containing a path separator that resolves a secret belonging to another team.

oss-security · 1d agoVulnerabilityCVE-2026-86465

ZDI-26-555: Parallels RAS Client RDP Backend Service Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

ZDI discloses CVE-2026-18262, a CVSS 7.8 exposed dangerous function in Parallels RAS Client's RDP backend service allowing local privilege escalation.

ZDI advisory ZDI-26-555 describes an exposed dangerous function in the Parallels RAS Client RDP backend service, tracked as CVE-2026-18262 with a CVSS score of 7.8. The flaw allows local attackers to escalate privileges on affected installations. Exploitation requires first obtaining the ability to execute low-privileged code on the target system.

ZDI Published Advisories · Aug 11, 2026VulnerabilityCVE-2026-18262

Quantifying IIoT Sensor Node Criticality by Fusing its Data Criticality and Security Vulnerability

Researchers propose a Dempster–Shafer framework fusing IIoT sensor data criticality with CVSS 4.0/3.1 vulnerability scores to rank node criticality.

The paper introduces a framework that evaluates Industrial IoT sensor node criticality by fusing data criticality and cybersecurity vulnerability scores using Dempster–Shafer (D-S) theory. It was validated on a dataset from red wine production and is claimed to generalize to other industrial settings with minimal modification. Results show criticality rankings derived from CVSS 4.0 scores differ significantly from those derived from CVSS 3.1, underscoring how vulnerability scoring methodology affects security prioritization.

arXiv cs.CR · 7d agoResearch

SonicWall's SMA1000 boxes under active attack again

SonicWall warns attackers are chaining two SMA1000 zero-days, a CVSS 10.0 SSRF and command injection, to compromise VPN gateways.

SonicWall says attackers are actively exploiting two chained zero-days in SMA 1000 appliances: CVE-2026-83548, a pre-authentication SSRF rated CVSS 10.0, and CVE-2026-83549, a post-authentication OS command injection (CVSS 7.8) in the Appliance Management Console. Hotfixes are available for SMA 6210, 7210, and 8200v appliances with no workarounds; SonicWall recommends reimaging compromised devices, rotating passwords, and resetting TOTP tokens. NHS England assesses further exploitation as almost certain, following a similar exploited pair in July when CISA added CVE-2026-15409 to its KEV catalog.

ZDI-26-530: SonicWall Email Security snmp Command Injection Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

ZDI advisory discloses SonicWall Email Security snmp command injection local privilege escalation (CVE-2026-66150, CVSS 7.8).

ZDI advisory ZDI-26-530 describes a command injection vulnerability in the snmp component of SonicWall Email Security, tracked as CVE-2026-66150 with a CVSS score of 7.8. Local attackers who can already execute low-privileged code on the target can escalate privileges on affected installations.

ZDI Published Advisories · Aug 11, 2026AdvisoryCVE-2026-66150

PEEP Turns Chrome and Edge Into Post-Compromise Backdoors for Host Command Execution

SOCRadar disclosed PEEP, a post-exploitation Chromium extension toolkit that turns Chrome and Edge into host-level backdoors via native messaging and C2 polling.

SOCRadar researchers detailed PEEP, a Chromium-based post-exploitation toolkit masquerading as a 'Smart Bookmarks' extension injected directly into Chrome and Edge profiles by forging Secure Preferences integrity values, bypassing Web Store checks. A native-messaging host binary (nm_host.exe) extends the browser agent to host-level command execution, file management, credential theft, and session hijacking, while the extension polls C2 endpoints at 206.237.30.232 or xfjcc.fun every 30 seconds over plaintext HTTP and exfiltrates browsing history, cookies, and tab metadata. PEEP is derived from the open-source RedExt red teaming framework, adds PowerShell persistence scripts, and includes a Linux-targeting Python script, suggesting cross-platform intent. The activity is unattributed but contains Chinese-language artifacts; a C2 /health endpoint showed 34 agent entries and 10 active sessions.

The Hacker News · 9d agoMalware in the wild1

Keys to the Kingdom: Erlang/OTP SSH Vulnerability Analysis and Exploits Observed in the Wild

Attackers actively exploit CVE-2025-32433, a CVSS 10.0 unauthenticated RCE in Erlang/OTP SSH, heavily targeting OT and critical infrastructure networks.

CVE-2025-32433 enables unauthenticated RCE in Erlang/OTP's SSH daemon via SSH connection protocol messages (codes >= 80) processed before authentication, affecting versions before OTP-27.3.3, OTP-26.2.5.11 and OTP-25.3.2.20. Unit 42 recorded a spike in exploitation between May 1-9, 2025, with 70% of detections on firewalls protecting OT networks, disproportionately affecting healthcare, agriculture, media and high technology. Observed payloads bind TCP-connected shells or launch Bash reverse shells to hosts like 146.103.40.203:6667, with randomized DNS lookups under dns.outbound.watchtowr.com indicating OAST-driven blind RCE validation.

Palo Alto Unit 42 · Aug 17, 2026Exploit / PoC in the wildCVE-2025-32433

Attackers exploit zero-days in consistently besieged SonicWall product

Two actively exploited SonicWall SMA 1000 zero-days chain to unauthenticated RCE; patches released and CISA added both to KEV.

SonicWall disclosed and patched two zero-days in SMA 1000 appliances: CVE-2026-83548, a maximum-severity pre-authentication SSRF, and CVE-2026-83549, a high-severity OS command injection. Rapid7 said chaining the flaws yields unauthenticated remote code execution, and CISA added both to its KEV catalog Wednesday. The vendor provided no IOCs or victim counts, urging customers to hunt for compromise, reimage or redeploy appliances, and reset all passwords and tokens. The product has faced repeated exploitation, including ransomware-linked flaws used by INC and Akira.

CyberScoop · 13d agoExploit / PoC in the wildCVE-2026-83548CVE-2026-83549

ZDI-26-556: Parallels RAS Client RDP Backend Service Exposed Dangerous Function Local Privilege Escalation Vulnerability

ZDI discloses Parallels RAS Client RDP backend service flaw (CVE-2026-18263, CVSS 7.8) letting local attackers escalate privileges.

ZDI advisory ZDI-26-556 covers an exposed dangerous function in the Parallels RAS Client's RDP backend service, tracked as CVE-2026-18263 with a CVSS rating of 7.8. A local attacker who can already execute low-privileged code on the target system can use the flaw to escalate privileges.

ZDI Published Advisories · Aug 11, 2026VulnerabilityCVE-2026-18263

Attacker Hijacks AI Coding Assistant Session, Spreads Shai-Hulud Across About 100 Repositories

Mandiant says an attacker hijacked an AI coding-assistant session at a SaaS provider and spread the Shai-Hulud worm across roughly 100 repositories, stealing secrets.

Mandiant's September 2026 report describes an attacker hijacking an active AI coding-assistant session at an unnamed SaaS provider, then getting a poisoned package recommendation accepted and installing an infostealer via a malicious PyPI package. The attacker stole GitHub OAuth tokens, deployed the self-spreading Shai-Hulud worm across approximately 100 internal repositories, and stole repository secrets and product source code. Poisoning a package in the company's official namespace caused a second employee to pull the compromised version and become infected. Mandiant recommends verifying AI-recommended dependencies against checksums and allowlists, keeping secrets out of extension reach, and routing dependency traffic through internal repositories.

The Hacker News · 15h agoData breach in the wild

Australian cops cuff alleged TeamPCP masterminds

Australian police, with FBI assistance, arrested the alleged masterminds behind the Shai-Hulud worm and related supply chain attacks.

Australian law enforcement, working with the FBI, arrested suspects alleged to be the masterminds behind the Shai-Hulud worm and other software supply chain attacks. The group is referred to as TeamPCP. The report did not specify charges, the number of suspects arrested, or affected victims.

The Register · Security · 20d agoPolicy & legal

Another Artifactory CVE under attack by AI agents or humans

Attackers are actively exploiting CVE-2026-82329, a critical JFrog Artifactory authentication bypass, minting admin tokens on exposed servers days after patch release.

CVE-2026-82329 is a CVSS 9.8 unauthenticated authentication bypass in JFrog Artifactory, disclosed Friday, that allows attackers to create new administrative credentials. watchTowr's honeypots recorded exploitation from a small number of IPs within days, including enumeration of users, groups, credential sets, and federated access topologies. Researchers urge urgent patching, credential rotation, and treating exposed instances as potentially compromised to prevent build-pipeline tampering and downstream supply-chain impact.

The Register · Security · 15d agoExploit / PoC in the wild 2 sourcesCVE-2026-82329

Attackers Exploit Two SonicWall SMA 1000 Zero-Days That May Form an Attack Chain

SonicWall patches two actively exploited zero-days (CVE-2026-83548, CVE-2026-83549) in SMA 1000 VPN appliances, likely chained for code execution.

SonicWall fixed CVE-2026-83548 (CVSS 10.0), a pre-authentication SSRF in the Appliance Work Place interface, and CVE-2026-83549 (CVSS 7.8), a post-authentication OS command injection in the Appliance Management Console. The company investigated a case indicating active exploitation, suggesting attackers chained both bugs to execute arbitrary code on susceptible devices. Affected SMA 1000 models 6210, 7210, and 8200v require hotfixes 12.4.3-03526 or 12.5.0-02952; customers are urged to hunt for IoCs and re-image, reset credentials, and rotate TOTP if found.

The Hacker News · 14d agoExploit / PoC in the wildCVE-2026-83548CVE-2026-83549CVE-2026-15409+1 CVEs

Attackers plant remote access tools on compromised PaperCut servers

Attackers chained two PaperCut NG/MF zero-days for unauthenticated access, installing SimpleHelp and AnyDesk remote access tools on compromised servers.

An ongoing campaign exploits chained zero-days CVE-2026-81578 (improper access control) and CVE-2026-82078 (unsafe dynamic class loading) in internet-facing PaperCut NG and MF Application Servers, enabling authentication bypass and arbitrary Java bytecode execution. Post-compromise activity includes user and domain enumeration, payload download from sendit.sh, and silent installation of SimpleHelp and AnyDesk for redundant remote access; Defused observed CVE-2026-81578/CVE-2026-82078 exploit activity in honeypots since August 29, including data theft via Derby database dumps. Emergency patches were released August 28 and August 30, but 47% of roughly 2,500 PaperCut installs tracked by Huntress run v23 or older, for which no patch is available.

Help Net Security · 14d agoExploit / PoC in the wildCVE-2026-81578CVE-2026-820781