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DataFlex-RL: An Evaluation Platform for RLVR Data Policies

DataFlex-RL benchmark of 13 RLVR data policies on Qwen2.5-7B finds none reproducibly beats uniform sampling under matched GRPO training.

DataFlex-RL is an evaluation platform comparing rollout-selection, reweighting, and mixture data policies for RLVR under a common GRPO recipe. Across 13 configurations and 12 matched seeds with Qwen2.5-7B-Base on 12 math, logic, and science benchmarks, uniform GRPO improved domain-balanced accuracy by 7.76 points, but no alternative policy achieved a statistically significant improvement. A corrected 12-seed Llama-3.1-8B-Base extension found no consistent winner, and math-heavy evaluation summaries were negatively correlated (-0.33) with domain-balanced summaries.

Hugging Face daily papers · 11d agoAI research

MicroHasTEE: Bare-Metal Haskell for Type-Level Peripheral Ownership on Armv8-M

MicroHasTEE expresses TrustZone secure and non-secure firmware as one typed Haskell program, catching peripheral-ownership inconsistencies at compile time.

MicroHasTEE is a multiparty Haskell framework that models both TrustZone firmware images as participants in a single typed program, using type-level capability ledgers to track peripheral acquisition, configuration, transfer, and finalization. MicroHs compiles the shared program twice to produce separate bare-metal Secure and Non-secure firmware images. The framework rejects inconsistent resource use, post-configuration attribution changes, wrong-domain callbacks, and calls to unregistered Secure services. A door-lock case study on an STM32U5 Nucleo board produced images of 232.7 KiB and 228.4 KiB of flash with roughly 220 KiB of SRAM per domain.

arXiv cs.CR · 5d agoResearch1

Cadence: Error-Bounded Lossy Compression of Demand Time Series with a Time-Series Foundation Model

Cadence pairs Google's 330M-parameter TimesFM-3 foundation model with adaptive arithmetic coding, gaining 13-28% on 2026 demand series over classical predictors.

Cadence is an error-bounded lossy compressor for numeric time series combining the 330M-parameter Google TimesFM-3 foundation model with an adaptive arithmetic coder, guaranteeing a per-sample error bound. On 49 EIA-930 balancing-authority demand series from 2026 it gains 13.3% over the best of six classical predictors and 28.3% on 50 MTA ridership series, winning all 297 series-tolerance pairs with a 21.4% median gain. The paper also reports negative results, including that foundation models add negligible value for lossless coding and that PyTorch predictions are not bit-identical across batch sizes.

Hugging Face daily papers · 11d agoAI research1

Everything in Moderation: Per-Domain Coverage Optima and Alignment-Resistant Domain Gaps in Multi-Domain Mid-Training

Controlled mid-training experiments on Qwen3-8B-Base find each domain has a 10-40% coverage optimum and domain gaps survive alignment SFT.

Using Qwen3-8B-Base (with a 4B replication) across five semantically rule-disjoint KOR-Bench domains, the authors train 30 data allocations spanning the five-domain simplex at five seeds each. All five domains show interior optima in the moderate 10-40% coverage band, and domain gaps persist after a fixed-budget compensatory SFT pass, which raises 116/120 cells yet bridges 0/240 pairs at a 5% threshold. Zero coverage collapses mid-training-only accuracy, though a FineWeb-Edu-only control shows the collapse is partly generic drift. The results argue mid-training data composition requires principled design rather than reliance on later alignment.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 8d agoAI research1

ToolLoop: Closed-Loop Tool-Use Data Synthesis via Decomposed Generation and Dynamic Self-Feedback

ToolLoop introduces a closed-loop synthetic data framework whose 11K examples lift a 4B model to 86.40% on BFCL tool-use evaluation.

ToolLoop decomposes tool-use data synthesis into function-name sampling, backward derivation of user queries, and forward derivation of tool calls, with dynamic self-feedback at each stage. This shifts the paradigm from generate-then-filter to generate-verify-refine, reducing inefficient and imbalanced synthetic data. A 4B model trained on 11K synthetic examples reaches 86.40% accuracy on BFCL non-reasoning mode (86.07% in an Isolate variant excluding BFCL-overlapping functions) and 72.1% on ACEBench using only 18.3% of baseline training data.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 8d agoAI research1

Grouped Value Attention: Efficient KV Caching via On-Demand Key Reconstruction

Grouped Value Attention stores grouped values and reconstructs content keys via a learned linear map, cutting KV-cache size about 45-47% versus GQA.

GVA stores only grouped values and reconstructs content keys with a learned linear map absorbed into the query at decode time, while a small shared decoupled RoPE channel preserves positional information via a separately cached positional key. At 350M parameters trained on 30B FineWeb-Edu tokens, the 16-dimensional positional variant scores 44.18 average accuracy across five tasks versus 44.36 for GQA and 43.88 for MLA. Custom decoding kernels are in development with an open-source release planned.

Hugging Face daily papers · 8d agoAI research

E2A-Bench: Benchmarking Evidence-to-Action Reliability in Financial Chart Reasoning

E2A-Bench, a 969-query financial chart reasoning benchmark, finds VLMs fail evidence-to-action consistency, with fine-tuning amplifying BUY:SELL bias 4-6x.

E2A-Bench is a 969-query benchmark built from 323 HS300 constituents across three input modalities with deterministic OHLCV-derived evidence anchors, evaluating grounding, reasoning-action consistency, evidence-confidence calibration, and directional coverage via UCR, RCI, ECI, and NDR metrics. Testing 20 VLMs showed the lowest-hallucination model ranked near the bottom on coverage with only 6.4% directional coverage, and oracle-aided verification reduced unsupported claims but could collapse coverage. Financial fine-tuning amplified the BUY:SELL ratio by factors of 4.21 to 4.68 across base-fine-tuned pairs.

Hugging Face daily papers · 3d agoAI research

DynSHAP: Towards Explainable Dynamic Survival Analysis

DynSHAP extends SHAP explainability to dynamic survival analysis, treating time-feature pairs as Shapley players for longitudinal clinical predictions.

DynSHAP adapts marginal SHAP estimators to dynamic survival analysis by treating time-feature pairs as players in the Shapley game, handling longitudinal irregular inputs and functional survival outputs. Temporal DynSHAP learns linear feature dependencies over time and addresses them with conditional sampling. On synthetic data with ground-truth attributions it recovers temporally dependent features more accurately than marginal estimators, and it produces faithful attributions on two real-world clinical datasets across two DSA architectures.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 5d agoAI research

TART: A Modular Tool for Technique-Aware Audio-to-Tablature Guitar Transcription

TART pipeline transcribes guitar audio to tablature with fingering and technique labels, outperforming prior baselines by up to 8.5 Tab F1 points.

TART is a modular four-stage pipeline for audio-to-tablature guitar transcription, combining an audio-to-MIDI transcription model, an expressive technique classifier, an audio-conditioned T5 encoder-decoder for string-fret assignment, and an automated tablature generator. In zero-shot evaluation on GuitarSet, EGDB, and two noisy augmented benchmarks, it averages 81.35% audio-to-MIDI F50 (+6.67 over the best baseline), 71.8% string-fret Tab F1 (+8.5), and 54.08% end-to-end Tab F1. The authors state it is the first framework to generate tablature with both fingering and expressive technique annotations directly from guitar audio.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 6d agoAI research2

Evidence-Grounded Retrieval for Investigation Hunt Lead Generation from CTI Reports

AHLERT generates environment-aware threat hunting leads from CTI reports using ATT&CK-seeded knowledge graph retrieval, roughly doubling F1 over flat-RAG baselines.

The paper introduces AHLERT, a system that converts Cyber Threat Intelligence reports into structured, investigable hunt leads via hybrid dense retrieval with multi-hop traversal over an MITRE ATT&CK-seeded knowledge graph and ontology-grounded RAG constrained to the defender's assets. It is LLM-agnostic and evaluated on public CTI reports for well-known APTs across proprietary and open-weight models. Hybrid evidence retrieval with ontology grounding raises mean F1 from 0.44 to 0.85, and AHLERT attains the highest effectiveness score (~86.95%) versus off-the-shelf LLMs.

arXiv cs.CR · 8d agoResearch

Molecular Déjà Vu: Digit-Level Retrieval of Published Values in Frontier Language Models

Audit of 22 frontier models finds widespread verbatim retrieval of published molecular property values, with higher reasoning increasing recall of memorized numbers.

An arXiv audit tests 22 frontier LLMs across 12 molecular regression benchmarks for verbatim retrieval of published values. More than 50% of the LLMs show verbatim retrieval on five datasets, and identical experiments are flagged 89% more often at a high reasoning level than at the lowest one. Suppressing retrieval moves model prediction errors closer together in relative terms, suggesting predictive capability is not determined solely by memorized values.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 12d agoAI research1

Notes on gotchas while migrating 35kb preprompts from Opus to self-hosted Ollama

Opinion piece urges migrating 35KB preprompts from Anthropic/OpenAI to self-hosted Ollama, citing session privacy risks and safety filters blocking security research.

The author documents gotchas migrating 35KB preprompts from Claude Opus to self-hosted Ollama, motivated by fears that frontier providers train on user sessions, citing the OpenAI Navier-Stokes controversy. The piece argues inference providers cannot audit their own retention or training pipelines and that only self-hosted hardware offers verifiable privacy. It also criticizes frontier safety filters for refusing vulnerability research tasks and calls for models that support exploitability testing in CI/CD pipelines.

Can Foundation Models Moderate Online Content? Evaluating Instruction- vs. Example-Driven Policy Operationalization

ModerationBench shows foundation models can nearly triple Bluesky's moderation F1 (0.60 vs 0.22), with instruction- and example-driven guidance performing comparably.

Researchers built ModerationBench, a new benchmark of 4,000 manually annotated in-the-wild posts from Bluesky, to test whether foundation models can reliably operationalize content moderation policies. They systematically compare instruction-driven guidance (reasoning from policy precepts) with example-driven guidance (generalizing from precedents) for Vision-Language Models. Both paradigms achieve comparable peak effectiveness, and foundation models nearly triple the F1 of Bluesky's deployed moderation system on Random Posts (0.60 vs 0.22).

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 7d agoAI research1

Putting models to the secure coding test: Plan vs default mode

Datadog Security Labs tested Sonnet 5, Composer 2.5, and GPT 5.5 to see if plan mode yields more secure code than default mode.

Datadog Security Labs evaluated whether plan mode produces measurably more secure code than default mode. The test covered three frontier coding models: Sonnet 5, Composer 2.5, and GPT 5.5. The results inform how engineering teams should configure AI coding assistants to reduce insecure code. This is an AI security evaluation, not an incident report.

Datadog Security Labs · 28d agoAI safety & security

IntentFuzz: A Protocol-Aware Fuzzer for Automated Invariant Violation Detection in Intent-Based Cross-Chain Bridges

IntentFuzz protocol-aware fuzzer recovers bridge structure from unannotated Solidity and confirmed 22 invariant violations across 24 real-world deployments.

IntentFuzz formalizes a taxonomy separating invariant violations from settlement exposures in intent-based cross-chain bridges, then recovers a bridge's intent structure and deposit/fill function roles from unannotated Solidity source. It classified deposit and fill functions with 100% recall and 82% combined precision, and achieved 100% recall and precision on 23 planted-bug mutants. Across 24 real-world deployments it confirmed 17 genuine invariant violations with heuristic-only input generation, rising to 22 with its LLM-assisted tier, spanning eight vulnerable GitHub repositories with findings reproducible against public deployed bytecode.

arXiv cs.CR · 5d agoResearch1

m-a-p/YuE2-3B — new model trending #30 on Hugging Face

M-A-P released YuE2-3B, an open music generation model that outperforms Suno v5 on WildSongBench and runs locally on a 24GB GPU.

The M-A-P (multimodal-art-projection) team released YuE2-3B, an open-weights music generation model that turns lyrics and a style prompt into full songs with vocals and accompaniment. It uses an AR-NAR Mixture-of-Transformers backbone with symbolic planning and flow matching through a VAE, and supports editable scores (melody and chords, including ABC notation) plus agentic editing workflows. On 192 WildSongBench prompts it reports a SongBench average of 6.9632 (best-of-8) versus 6.8721 for Suno v5, claimed as state of the art among evaluated open and proprietary models. It runs 48 kHz stereo inference locally on a single 24GB NVIDIA GPU without quantization, with companion releases including YuE2-Vae, MERT-v2 encoders, the WildSongBench dataset, and SheetSage2.

Hugging Face trending models · 7d agoModel release1

Prior Labs Releases TabPFN-3.5: A Tabular Foundation Model That Beats the Winning Otto Kaggle Solution With Default Settings

Prior Labs releases TabPFN-3.5, a 220M-parameter open-weights tabular foundation model that beats the 2015 Otto Kaggle winning score with default settings.

Prior Labs released TabPFN-3.5, a tabular foundation model that predicts in a single forward pass without per-dataset training or tuning. The base model grew from 53M to 220M parameters with a single multitask checkpoint, learned Fourier features, and in-context ECDF rank encodings. It scores 0.375 on the 2015 Otto Kaggle private leaderboard versus the winning 0.382 and claims first place on seven tabular benchmarks including TabArena and BeyondArena. Open weights cover the base, Fast (84M), and Thinking variants, but production use requires the Prior Labs API or a commercial license.

MarkTechPost · 12h agoModel release

Type Diversity Enables Transformers to Generalise Compositionally

Researchers show lexical-versus-structural compositional generalization gaps in Transformers stem from type diversity imbalance in datasets, not architectural limits.

The paper argues that Transformers' difficulty with structural compositional generalization is an artifact of low structural type diversity in prior benchmark datasets rather than an architectural limitation. Using Grammatical Framework, the authors create linguistically diverse variants of COGS and SLOG. They find type diversity correlates with compositional generalization equally in lexical and structural test cases, contradicting previous claims that compound divergence explains task difficulty.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 5d agoAI research

Fine-tuning a 350M Model for Better Structured Outputs in 100 GRPO Steps

Hugging Face guide fine-tunes a 350M-parameter model with 100 GRPO steps to improve structured output reliability.

A Hugging Face blog post demonstrates fine-tuning a 350M-parameter model using GRPO (Group Relative Policy Optimization) with TRL over 100 training steps. The stated goal is more reliable structured outputs from small language models. No article body was available, so details beyond the title are limited.

Hugging Face Blog · 13d agoAI tools & infra

IDORacle: Template-Guided SQL-Sink Mediation for Object-Level Authorization in Java Applications

IDORacle intercepts MyBatis/JDBC SQL sinks to block horizontal privilege escalation in legacy Java apps with sub-millisecond guard latency.

IDORacle is a template-guided SQL-sink interception and rewriting framework that prevents IDOR/BOLA horizontal privilege escalation at runtime in Java database applications. It propagates authenticated identity context across HTTP requests, asynchronous tasks, and data-access boundaries via a server-side trace identifier, and computes dual SQL fingerprints at the MyBatis/JDBC boundary to generate reusable mediation plans. On a Java-SQL benchmark grounded in real-world CVE reports, it blocks tested violations with worst-case guard latency of 0.17 ms, reduced to 0.017 ms average for hot templates via redundancy-aware optimization.

arXiv cs.CR · 5d agoResearch1

Think Before You Link: Rarity, Reasoning, and Retrieval in Multilingual Entity Linking

Training-free reasoning-plus-retrieval framework lifts multilingual multimodal entity linking accuracy by 6.9% overall and up to 23.3% on rare entities.

The paper broadens rarity measurement in multimodal entity linking using knowledge-graph structural metrics beyond popularity-based pageview metrics, identifying many rare entities that popularity metrics miss. Across these rare-entity slices, state-of-the-art accuracy drops by 15.4-39.9%, exposing distinct failure modes under different rarity definitions. The proposed training-free framework iteratively searches and reasons over Wikipedia with a reasoning-capable vision-language model; experiments show reasoning and retrieval are complementary. On the MERLIN benchmark covering Hindi, Indonesian, Japanese, Tamil, and Vietnamese, the system improves overall accuracy by 6.9% and up to 23.3% on rare entities, with MERLIN-Rare test slices released.

Hugging Face daily papers · 7d agoAI research

Target leakage, not model class, explains reported accuracy in survey-based cardiovascular screening: a leakage-tiered audit of glass-box and tabular foundation models

Audits of 10 classifiers on BRFSS show target leakage, not model class, drives the reported 0.89 AUROC in survey-based cardiovascular screening.

The study benchmarks ten model classes, including glass-box and tabular foundation models, for prevalent myocardial infarction on 442,067 respondents of the 2022 BRFSS across five feature tiers of decreasing leakage risk. Removing two post-diagnostic features costs every model 0.049-0.051 AUROC and collapses performance into a 0.0045-wide band, and the explainable boosting machine matches all alternatives within 0.005 while scoring roughly 104x faster than the strongest foundation model. Frozen models transport within 0.002 AUROC to 2023 data; the authors conclude evaluation practice and feature sets, not model capacity, are the binding constraint.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 6d agoAI research1

ENCP: Episode-Normalized Conformal Prediction for Vision-and-Language Navigation

ENCP calibrates conformal prediction per navigation episode, giving step-level coverage guarantees for vision-language navigation agents despite within-episode dependence.

Episode-Normalized Conformal Prediction (ENCP) rescales a nonconformity score by a VLN policy's residual confidence and calibrates one maximum score per episode, preserving step-level coverage of at least 1−α despite dependence among steps within an episode. Across four VLN policies and three nonconformity scores on R2R and REVERIE, ENCP meets all reported empirical step-coverage targets in seen-to-unseen evaluation. The model-agnostic uncertainty estimates can signal when an agent should defer to a stronger predictor or human assistance.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 1d agoAI research

graphql-go/graphql <= 0.8.1: quadratic CPU-exhaustion DoS via OverlappingFieldsCanBeMergedRule

Unauthenticated quadratic CPU-exhaustion DoS disclosed in graphql-go/graphql up to v0.8.1 via OverlappingFieldsCanBeMergedRule; no fixed version exists.

Evgenios Gkritsis publicly disclosed an algorithmic-complexity denial-of-service flaw in github.com/graphql-go/graphql affecting all released versions up to and including v0.8.1. The defect is triggered via the OverlappingFieldsCanBeMergedRule validation, is unauthenticated and network-reachable, and causes quadratic CPU exhaustion. No fixed version exists; the disclosure was public because the project has no private security-reporting channel or SECURITY.md.

oss-security · 2d agoVulnerability

LongAgent: History-Guided Agentic Search for Longitudinal Outcome Prediction

LongAgent autonomously searches variable sets and temporal windows to predict longitudinal medical outcomes, beating the strongest non-agent baseline on synthetic data.

The paper proposes LongAgent, an agent-based method that searches over combinations of variable sets, temporal windows and aggregation functions for outcome prediction on heterogeneous medical longitudinal data. It uses a history memory of previous searches and numerical evidence to guide exploration. On synthetic data it achieves mean RMSE 1.7376, improving over the best non-agent baseline by 0.0151 (95% CI [0.0045, 0.0260]; p=0.0273), and performs comparably to the best baseline on a real clinical dataset.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 2d agoAI research

NCP-ArchPreview Technical Report: Moving towards Latent Space Language Models through Next Concept Prediction

An 8.9B-parameter latent-space language model using next-concept prediction matches OLMo-3-7B pretraining loss with only 51.3% of the training tokens.

NCP-ArchPreview augments next-token prediction with Next Concept Prediction over a product-quantized concept vocabulary built from hidden states, trained jointly end-to-end. The 8.9B model was trained on 5.73T tokens from the Dolma-3 dataset, the largest latent-space language model demonstration to date. It consumes 51.3% of the tokens to reach OLMo-3-7B's final pretraining loss and outperforms it by 2.45 points on the downstream macro-average, including a 5.99-point GSM8K gain. The learned latent space also enables lightweight domain adaptation via a 17M-parameter VQ module and improves speculative drafting accepted length by 4.17%.

Hugging Face daily papers · 7d agoAI research1

Google’s open-source HEIR lets AI work with data it can’t see

Google open-sourced HEIR, a compiler toolchain that converts pre-trained AI models to operate on homomorphically encrypted data without exposing it.

Google's HEIR (Homomorphic Encryption Intermediate Representation) is an open-source compiler toolchain and development platform for fully homomorphic encryption, announced in 2023 and now supporting four peer-reviewed publications. It compiles Python programs handling sensitive data into implementations that process encrypted inputs, supporting multiple FHE schemes, libraries, front-end languages, and hardware accelerators such as GPUs, TPUs, FPGAs, and custom ASICs. Demonstrated applications include private recommendations, credit card fraud detection, network intrusion detection, and hotword recognition.

Help Net Security · 29d agoTools

Characterizing Language Generation in the Limit: Finite Witnesses and a Separation-Width Hierarch

New work characterizes language generation in the limit via finite witnesses, proves a full separation-width hierarchy, and formalizes all results in Lean.

The paper fully characterizes when language generation in the limit is possible for arbitrary families over a countable universe: each target must admit a finite positive witness such that targets activated by any finite sample share an infinite common intersection. It defines positive separation width and proves every level of the resulting hierarchy occurs, with countable families admitting singleton witnesses and unions of families with infinite common cores requiring unbounded finite witnesses. The characterization, a universal normalization, and a diagonal capture lemma are machine-checked in the Lean proof assistant, with the development maintained on GitHub.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 7d agoAI research1

MapLibre Vulnerability Exposes 2.7M Users to Zero-Click Attacks

Critical XSS CVE-2026-85061 in MapLibre GL JS enables zero-click attacks on an estimated 2.7 million users; fixed in maplibre-gl 6.4.1.

A flaw in MapLibre GL JS's DOM.sanitize() iterates a live NamedNodeMap while removing attributes, skipping malicious attributes placed adjacent to removed ones, letting event handlers like onload and ontoggle survive and execute via innerHTML in the attribution control. Tracked as CVE-2026-85061 and GHSA-jrc7-96c5-q579, the flaw affects maplibre-gl versions 6.4.0 and earlier, is rated critical under CVSS v3.1 (CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N), and requires no user interaction, privileges, or authentication. Exploitation could enable session theft, unauthorized actions, phishing redirects, or map content manipulation; the patch in 6.4.1 snapshots attributes with Array.from before iterating.

Evaluating Time-Series Foundation Models and Multimodal Dietary Context for CGM Forecasting

Study finds zero-shot time-series foundation models underperform on CGM forecasting; fine-tuned Chronos-Bolt cuts RMSE up to 18.4% and dietary context adds signal.

The paper evaluates time-series foundation models for continuous glucose monitoring forecasting across eight public datasets covering Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, and non-diabetes populations. Under a unified protocol, zero-shot foundation models did not consistently outperform baselines like Elastic Net and PatchTST, but lightweight fine-tuning did, with fine-tuned Chronos-Bolt reducing RMSE by 6.5%-18.4% in the T1D cohort and 8.6%-18.2% in the non-diabetes/T2D cohort. A residual-based fusion framework adding dietary context from CGMacros reduced overall RMSE by about 3% and postprandial RMSE by about 15% versus CGM-only baselines.

arXiv cs.AI / cs.LG / cs.CL · 6d agoAI research