ZeroHour

CVE-2025-58360

KEVlarge

Actively Exploited XXE in OSGeo GeoServer WMS GetMap Endpoint

CISA: OSGeo GeoServer Improper Restriction of XML External Entity Reference Vulnerability

CVSS 3.1
9.8 critical
EPSS
65%p99
Published
()
KEV added
AI analysis

GeoServer, an open source server for sharing and editing geospatial data, is vulnerable to an XML External Entity (XXE) injection flaw (CWE-611) tracked as CVE-2025-58360. The flaw is triggered when an unauthenticated XML request sent to the /geoserver/wms endpoint with operation GetMap is not sufficiently sanitized or restricted, allowing an attacker to define external entities in the request and have the server resolve them, which can lead to disclosure of local files, SSRF to internal services, and potentially further compromise. It carries a CVSS 3.1 score of 9.8 (critical) with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, and related reporting describes unauthenticated RCE chains affecting government geoportal backends in this software ecosystem. Any organization running GeoServer 2.26.0 up to but not including 2.26.2, or any version before 2.25.6, is affected. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: CISA added the flaw to its Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2025-12-11, and EPSS assigns a 64.9% probability of exploitation within 30 days (99th percentile).

What to do: Upgrade immediately to GeoServer 2.25.6, 2.26.3, or 2.27.0, which contain the fix. If patching is delayed, restrict or firewall access to the /geoserver/wms endpoint (particularly GetMap requests) and limit the server's ability to fetch external resources; federal agencies must follow BOD 22-01 guidance per the KEV listing. Review WMS access logs for suspicious XML entity usage and outbound connections or file-read activity from the GeoServer host as indicators of exploitation.

Affected
OSGeo GeoServer2.26.0 through versions before 2.26.2, and all versions before 2.25.6; fixed in 2.25.6, 2.26.3, and 2.27.0
Estimated exposure
large≈10,000–30,000 internet-exposed GeoServer instances, plus an unknown number of internal deployments (estimate) — Public internet-wide scans have historically shown tens of thousands of exposed GeoServer servers, and the software is widely embedded in government geospatial portals and GIS data backends per related reporting; no authoritative total…

Order-of-magnitude estimate by the model from install counts, market share and public scan data it knows; verify before quoting.

Description

GeoServer is an open source server that allows users to share and edit geospatial data. From version 2.26.0 to before 2.26.2 and before 2.25.6, an XML External Entity (XXE) vulnerability was identified. The application accepts XML input through a specific endpoint /geoserver/wms operation GetMap. However, this input is not sufficiently sanitized or restricted, allowing an attacker to define external entities within the XML request. This issue has been patched in GeoServer 2.25.6, GeoServer 2.26.3, and GeoServer 2.27.0.

CISA Known Exploited Vulnerability
Affected
OSGeo GeoServer
Required action
Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Due date
Ransomware use
Unknown
Vendors
geoserver
Products
geoserver
Weakness
CWE-611
Vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H

In the news

GeoNetwork Fixes Unauthenticated RCE Chain Affecting Government Geoportal Backends

GeoNetwork patched two chained flaws (CVE-2026-63219, CVE-2026-58400) enabling unauthenticated RCE in government geospatial metadata catalogs.

Two flaws in the open-source GeoNetwork catalog chain into unauthenticated RCE: a missing authorization check on the formatter upload endpoint (CVE-2026-63219, CVSS 8.6) and an unsafe Saxon XSLT processor configuration allowing Java execution (CVE-2026-58400, CVSS 9.1). Fixes shipped in versions 4.4.12 and 4.2.17 on July 8, 2026, with details published August 31. Ethiack fingerprinted 121 internet-exposed vulnerable deployments across 39 countries, 89% tied to government or military agencies. No exploitation in the wild or KEV listing was reported at disclosure.