FBI and Lumen disrupted QTFY's QScan and QTRouter botnet platforms used by Chinese state-sponsored hackers to conceal intrusions into U.S. agencies.
The U.S. DoJ announced court-authorized seizure of domains behind QScan and QTRouter, operated by the Chinese state-sponsored group QTFY and employed by Nanjing Xinjiuwei Network Technology Company. QTFY has been active since May 2018 and targeted NASA, the Federal Reserve, the Department of Energy, DoJ, HHS, NIH, the U.S. Senate, and academic institutions. QScan exploits vulnerable IoT devices, feeding them into QTRouter, an OpenWrt-based proxy obfuscation network likened to an operational relay box (ORB) that masks attack origins. The group exploited zero-days such as Ivanti CSA flaws CVE-2024-8190, CVE-2024-8963, and CVE-2024-9380, plus numerous N-days, and maintained persistence with RATs, web shells, and legitimate credentials.
FBI seizes China-linked QScan and QTRouter hacking platforms used by QTFY to obfuscate intrusions against US federal agencies.
The DOJ and FBI seized domains hard-coded into QScan and QTRouter, two platforms operated by China-based Nanjing Xinjiuwei Network Technology Company on behalf of state-sponsored group QTFY. QScan automatically infected thousands of IoT devices which were added to QTRouter, an obfuscation network routing malicious traffic through compromised and proxy devices outside China. Targets included NASA, the Federal Reserve, Departments of Energy, Justice, and HHS, NIH, and the US Senate, exploiting flaws in Fortinet SSL-VPN, Citrix ADC, Microsoft Exchange, F5 BIG-IP, Log4j, and others.
Unit 42 tracked the Mirai variant V3G4 exploiting 13 vulnerabilities across IoT devices and servers from July-December 2022 to build a DDoS botnet.
From July to December 2022, Unit 42 observed three campaigns spreading V3G4, a Mirai botnet variant, by exploiting 13 vulnerabilities, including CVE-2022-26134 in Atlassian Confluence and CVE-2019-15107 in Webmin. The campaigns shared the same C2 domains containing the string 8xl9, nearly identical shell script downloaders, and the same XOR keys, suggesting a single threat actor. The malware brute-forces telnet and SSH credentials, terminates rival botnet processes via a stop list, and receives DDoS commands from its C2. Compromised servers and networking devices are absorbed into the botnet for further attacks.
Unauthenticated Confluence RCE CVE-2022-26134 was exploited in the wild; Volexity observed intrusions and Cerber ransomware on unpatched servers.
Volexity identified exploitation of CVE-2022-26134, an unauthenticated remote code execution vulnerability in Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center, during Memorial Day weekend 2022, with Atlassian issuing a patch. Cortex Xpanse found 19,707 potentially affected Confluence instances, concentrated in the US, Germany, China, and Russia, plus 1,251 end-of-life versions exposed. Unit 42 and Cortex Managed Threat Hunting observed successful exploitation leading to reconnaissance commands and a Cerber ransomware deployment that was blocked by Cortex XDR. A public PoC has increased exploitation risk.
Fortinet researchers documented Evooo1Bot, a new Mirai-derived Linux botnet active since July 2026 that exploits known edge-device flaws to build SOCKS5 proxy networks.
Fortinet FortiGuard Labs identified Evooo1Bot, a previously undocumented Linux botnet built on the leaked Mirai source code, active in the wild since July 2026 and targeting internet-facing edge devices. It exploits numerous known CVEs in routers and devices from D-Link, Tenda, Telesquare, Zyxel, Hikvision, Atlassian Confluence, WSO2, TP-Link, NETGEAR, and others, delivering a bot binary via a wget.sh loader from 91.92.40.118 that clears bash history. The bot offers encrypted C2 on port 443, SSH brute-force scanning, credential sniffing, DDoS over DNS/TCP/UDP, an HTTP exploit dispatcher, and converts infected hosts into SOCKS5 proxies for anonymizing follow-on operations.
Unauthenticated OGNL Injection RCE in Atlassian Confluence Server/Data Center
Atlassian Confluence Server and Data Center contain an unauthenticated remote code execution flaw caused by improper neutralization of expression-language (OGNL) input (CWE-917): an attacker with network access to the application can submit a crafted request that is evaluated as an expression and executed by the server. Successful exploitation lets a remote, unauthenticated attacker run arbitrary code with the privileges of the Confluence process, without any credentials. All organizations running self-managed Confluence Server or Data Center are affected, particularly instances exposed to the internet; Confluence Cloud is not listed among the affected products. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA's KEV on 2022-06-02 with ransomware use marked as known, and EPSS assigns a 100% probability of exploitation within 30 days (100th percentile). CVSS has not yet been scored in this data, but the KEV listing and known ransomware use make unpatched, internet-facing instances a top-priority patching target.
· Atlassian Confluence Server · Atlassian Confluence Data Center KEV ransomware PoC ×2large
JNDI Injection Remote Code Execution in Apache Log4j2 (Log4Shell)
Apache Log4j2, an extremely widely used Java logging library, fails to protect its JNDI lookup feature against attacker-controlled JNDI-related endpoints (CWE-20, CWE-502), so crafted text processed by the logger causes the Java runtime to fetch and load attacker-supplied objects, leading to remote code execution. The flaw is triggered whenever attacker-controlled input reaches the logging API and is parsed for JNDI lookups, a pattern common in web servers and enterprise Java applications that log user-supplied fields such as headers or form values. Successful exploitation yields arbitrary code execution under the privileges of the affected application, giving attackers a foothold for lateral movement, data theft, and ransomware deployment. Any Java application or product that ships or bundles an affected Apache Log4j2 release is exposed, making this one of the most broadly deployed vulnerabilities ever disclosed. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2021-12-10 with known ransomware use, and EPSS assigns a 100% probability of exploitation within 30 days.
Unauthenticated Command Injection in Tenda AC7, AC9, and AC10 Routers
CVE-2018-14558 is an unauthenticated OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) in the web interface of Tenda AC7, AC9, and AC10 routers, where the formsetUsbUnload handler passes untrusted input to the dosystemCmd function. An attacker triggers it by sending a crafted HTTP request to the goform/setUsbUnload endpoint, requiring no authentication or user interaction per the CVSS vector (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N). Successful exploitation yields arbitrary command execution on the router, enabling full device takeover for traffic interception, botnet enrollment, or pivoting into the local network. Anyone running AC7 firmware through V15.03.06.44_CN(AC7), AC9 firmware through V15.03.05.19(6318)_CN(AC9), or AC10 firmware through V15.03.06.23_CN(AC10) is affected. The flaw has a public proof of concept, an 8.7% EPSS (95th percentile), and was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2021-11-03, indicating exploitation in the wild.
· Tenda AC7 router firmware through V15.03.06.44_CN(AC7) · Tenda AC9 router firmware through V15.03.05.19(6318)_CN(AC9) KEV PoC mass
Unauthenticated Path Traversal in Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance
CVE-2024-8963 is a path traversal vulnerability (CWE-22) in the Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance (CSA), a virtual appliance used to remotely manage Ivanti Endpoint Manager environments. A remote, unauthenticated attacker can send crafted requests containing directory traversal sequences to reach restricted functionality without any credentials. Successful exploitation grants access to restricted (including administrative) functions on the appliance, and public reporting indicates it has been chained with other CSA zero-day flaws by nation-state attackers to infiltrate networks. All CSA 4.6.x releases before Patch 519 are affected, and the 4.6.x product line has reached end-of-life, meaning future 4.6.x vulnerabilities will not receive fixes. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: CISA added it to the Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2024-09-19, and multiple outlets report Chinese-linked actors exploiting CSA zero-days against French government, telecom and other critical-infrastructure targets.
OS Command Injection RCE in Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance Admin Console
CVE-2024-9380 is an OS command injection flaw (CWE-77/CWE-78) in the admin web console of Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance (CSA), fixed in version 5.0.2. A remote attacker who is already authenticated with administrative privileges can inject arbitrary operating system commands through the console, which the appliance then executes. Successful exploitation yields remote code execution with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 3.1: 7.2). All CSA releases before 5.0.2 are affected, and the widely deployed 4.6.x line has reached End-of-Life, so EOL users must remove it from service or move to 5.0.x or later. The flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2024-10-09, and contemporaneous reporting describes Chinese nation-state actors exploiting Ivanti CSA zero-days against French government and telecom targets, with a 63.2% EPSS probability of exploitation in the next 30 days (99th percentile).
· Ivanti Endpoint Manager Cloud Services Appliance (CSA) all versions before 5.0.2, including the End-of-Life 4.6.x line KEVmoderate
OS Command Injection RCE in Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance 4.6
Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance versions 4.6 Patch 518 and before contain an OS command injection flaw (CWE-78) that allows a remote, authenticated attacker to achieve remote code execution. The attacker must already hold administrator-level privileges on the appliance, and exploitation is triggered by sending crafted input to the appliance over the network. Successful exploitation yields arbitrary command execution on the CSA, and related reporting indicates nation-state actors have been exploiting Ivanti CSA flaws for network infiltration, including attacks on French government and telecom targets. Only organizations still running CSA 4.6.x are affected, and that product line has reached end-of-life and will not receive further security updates. The vulnerability was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2024-09-13 and carries a very high EPSS score (88.5%, 100th percentile), signaling confirmed and likely ongoing exploitation in the wild.
· Ivanti Cloud Services Appliance 4.6 through Patch 518 (versions 4.6 Patch 518 and before) KEVmoderate
Command Injection RCE in Alcatel OmniPCX Enterprise masterCGI
CVE-2007-3010 is a command execution flaw in masterCGI, a component of the Unified Maintenance Tool in the Alcatel OmniPCX Enterprise Communication Server. Because the CGI fails to properly validate user-supplied input (CWE-20), a remote attacker can send crafted requests to the web-based maintenance interface and inject arbitrary operating system commands, which are executed on the PBX server. Successful exploitation yields remote code execution on the communication server, giving attackers a foothold on a Linux-based edge device that could be used for further compromise, lateral movement into the voice network, or, per recent botnet trends, conscription into proxy botnets. Any organization running an Alcatel OmniPCX Enterprise communication server with the Unified Maintenance Tool reachable is affected. The flaw is listed in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2022-04-15) with a very high 97.4% EPSS score, indicating active in-the-wild exploitation, though no public proof-of-concept code is known.
· Alcatel OmniPCX Enterprise Communication Server (Unified Maintenance Tool / masterCGI) KEVmoderate
In Airspan AirSpot 5410 version 0.3.4.1-4 and under there exists a Unauthenticated remote command injection vulnerability.
In Airspan AirSpot 5410 version 0.3.4.1-4 and under there exists a Unauthenticated remote command injection vulnerability. The ping functionality can be called without user authentication when crafting a malicious http request by injecting code in one of the parameters allowing for remote code execution. This vulnerability is exploited via the binary file /home/www/cgi-bin/diagnostics.cgi that accepts unauthenticated requests and unsanitized data. As a result, a malicious actor can craft a specific request and interact remotely with the device.
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements (in an OS command) issue was discovered in Geutebruck IP Camera G-Cam/EFD-2250 Version 1.11.0.12.
An Improper Neutralization of Special Elements (in an OS command) issue was discovered in Geutebruck IP Camera G-Cam/EFD-2250 Version 1.11.0.12. An improper neutralization of special elements vulnerability has been identified. If special elements are not properly neutralized, an attacker can call multiple parameters that can allow access to the root level operating system which could allow remote code execution.
· geutebrueck ip camera g-cam efd-2250 firmware PoC —
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