Moobot botnet exploits CVE-2021
Vulnerabilities mentionedAll →
| CVE | Vulnerability | CVSS | EPSS | Flags | Affected | Exposure | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2021-36260 | Unauthenticated Command Injection in Hikvision Device Web Server CVE-2021-36260 is a command injection flaw (CWE-78) in the web server embedded in a wide range of Hikvision security camera and related devices, caused by insufficient input validation. An attacker triggers it by sending a crafted HTTP request to the device's web management interface, allowing commands to be executed on the device without authentication. Successful exploitation grants unauthenticated remote code execution on the camera or recorder, letting an attacker take control of the device, pivot into the surrounding network, or use the devices as a botnet platform. Any Hikvision device running the affected web server firmware is at risk, which includes cameras, recorders, and other surveillance hardware deployed in homes, businesses, and government facilities. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw was added to CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2022-01-10 and carries a 99.9% EPSS probability of exploitation within 30 days, while no public proof-of-concept code is cataloged in the provided data and no CVSS score has been issued yet. Do: Apply firmware updates issued by Hikvision per the vendor's instructions, as required by CISA's KEV listing for this vulnerability. Restrict the device web management interface to trusted networks or VPN access and avoid direct internet exposure. Review web server logs for anomalous HTTP requests to the device interface and signs of command execution, and prioritize internet-facing devices for patching first. | 9.8 | 100% | KEV PoC ×3 |
| massmillions of installed devices, with roughly hundreds of thousands to over a million Hikvision web interfaces exposed to the internet |
Full article492 words · extracted from securityaffairs.com · click to collapse
Pierluigi Paganini
December 09, 2021
Moobot is a Mirai-based botnet that is leveraging a critical command injection vulnerability in the webserver of some Hikvision products.
The Mirai-based Moobot botnet is rapidly spreading by exploiting a critical command injection flaw, tracked as CVE-2021-36260, in the webserver of several Hikvision products. The Moobot was first documented by Palo Alto Unit 42 researchers in February 2021, the recent attacks demonstrated that its authors are enhancing their malware.
The critical issue affects more than 70 Hikvision camera and NVR models and can allow attackers to take over the devices. The vulnerability is an unauthenticated Remote Code Execution (RCE) vulnerability in Hikvision IP camera/NVR firmware, it was discovered by a security researcher that goes online with the moniker “Watchful IP.”
Upon compromising the IP camera, an attacker can also use the hacked device to access internal networks posing a risk to the infrastructure that uses the devices.
The researcher pointed out that the exploitation of the issue doesn’t require user interaction, the attacker only needs access to the http(s) server port (typically 80/443).
The expert pointed out that every firmware developed since 2016 has been tested and found to be vulnerable.
According to Hikvision, the vulnerability is due to insufficient input validation and can be exploited by sending specially crafted messages to vulnerable devices.
The company states that the attacker can exploit the flaw only if he has access to the device network or the device has direct interface with the Internet. The vulnerability was reported to the vendor in June, the company released firmware updates on September 19.
The vulnerability was exploited by botnet operators to extract sensitive data from unpatched devices, Fortinet researchers reported.
“During our analysis, we observed numerous payloads attempting to leverage this vulnerability to probing the status of devices or extracting sensitive data from victims. One payload in particular caught our attention. It tries to drop a downloader that exhibits infection behavior and that also executes Moobot, which is a DDoS botnet based on Mirai.” reads the analysis published by Fortinet.
Fortinet researchers spotted a downloader for the Moobot malware with the “hikivision” parameter, it saves final payload as “macHelper.”
The malware also modifies basic commands like “reboot” to prevent an administrator from rebooting the infected device.
Fortinet researchers found similarities between Moobot and Mirai, they also discovered that Moobot borrows some elements from the Satori botnet.
Moobot is a DDoS botnet that supports multiple attack methods.
The analysis of captured packet data, allowed Fortinet researchers to track down a Telegram channel used to advertise DDoS services since August.
“Although a patch has been released to address this vulnerability, this IoT botnet will never stop looking for a vulnerable end point. Because of this, users should upgrade affected devices immediately as well as apply FortiGuard protection.” concludes Fortinet.
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