The Last AI Built by Humans: Toward Genuine Recursive Self-Improvement
Position paper defines recursive self-improvement for AI, introduces the Headroom-Closed Index and an autonomy roadmap toward genuine recursive meta-improvement.
The paper uses the Headroom-Closed Index to diagnose limitations of existing LLMs and frames recursive self-improvement (RSI) as a staged roadmap: improvement-execution, improvement-strategy, experience-acquisition, and environment-adaptation autonomy, culminating in recursive meta-improvement. It examines RSI across scientific discovery, embodied intelligence, and software engineering, highlighting differing requirements and development speeds. Drawing on industry practices and preliminary empirical evidence, it connects RSI research with practical systems and identifies key challenges to achieving genuine RSI.