January 2018 Patch Tuesday security updates fix a zero

CVE-2017-11882 is a memory corruption vulnerability (CWE-119) in Microsoft Office, residing in the legacy Microsoft Equation Editor component (EQNEDT32.EXE), that allows remote code execution in the context of the current user. Attackers trigger it by persuading a user to open a crafted document, most commonly an RTF file or other Office document carrying a malicious embedded equation object, which overflows a buffer while the equation content is parsed. Successful exploitation lets the attacker run arbitrary code with the privileges of the signed-in user, a typical foothold for malware delivery and, per CISA, for ransomware operations. Any environment running affected Microsoft Office builds is exposed; the source data does not enumerate specific affected version ranges. The flaw is confirmed exploited in the wild: it was added to the CISA Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog on 2021-11-03 with known ransomware use and holds a 99.9% EPSS score (percentile 100), though the source data lists no public PoC.

Do: Apply Microsoft's Office security updates (November 2017 or later) across all endpoints, prioritizing this KEV-listed flaw given its known ransomware use. On systems that cannot yet be patched, disable or unregister the legacy Equation Editor (EQNEDT32.EXE) and consider blocking or warning on RTF attachments as interim mitigations. Check for indicators of abuse such as EQNEDT32.EXE spawning unexpected child processes after document opens.

Microsoft .NET Framework 2.0 SP2, 3.0 SP2, 3.5, 3.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.6, 4.6.1, 4.6.2, 4.7, 4.7.1, .NET Core 1.0 and 2.0, and PowerShell Core 6.0.0 allow a security feature bypass vulnerability due to the way certificates are validated, aka ".NET Security Feature Bypass Vulnerability."

A memory-corruption flaw (out-of-bounds write, CWE-787) in the legacy Equation Editor component (EQNEDT32.EXE) shipped with Microsoft Office 2007, 2010, 2013, and 2016 allows remote code execution due to improper handling of objects in memory. An attacker triggers it by persuading a user to open a specially crafted document (for example an RTF or DOCX containing a malformed embedded equation object), causing the Equation Editor process to corrupt memory when the file is opened in Word; the user-interaction requirement is reflected in the CVSS 3.1 vector (AV:L/UI:R). Successful exploitation gives the attacker code execution in the context of the current user, with high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability (CVSS 3.1 score 7.8, High). Any user of the affected Office versions, the Office Compatibility Pack, or Word on an unpatched system is affected. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw is in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog (added 2021-11-03) with known ransomware use, carries a 93.3% EPSS probability of exploitation within 30 days, and multiple public analyses and proof-of-concepts exist.

Do: Apply Microsoft's January 2018 security updates for Office 2007, 2010, 2013, and 2016 and the Office Compatibility Pack, and verify the legacy Equation Editor executable (EQNEDT32.EXE) on endpoints has been patched or removed (Microsoft later retired the component). Because the flaw is exploited in the wild and used in ransomware campaigns, prioritize remediation per CISA KEV required action and hunt for Word spawning EQNEDT32.EXE or unexpected child processes when documents are opened. Until patched, open untrusted documents in Protected View and treat email-delivered RTF/DOCX attachments as untrusted.