Lazarus APT exploits Zoho ManageEngine flaw to target an Internet backbone infrastructure provider
Vulnerabilities mentionedAll →
| CVE | Vulnerability | CVSS | EPSS | Flags | Affected | Exposure | Published |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2022-47966 | Unauthenticated SAML RCE in Zoho ManageEngine On-Premise Products CVE-2022-47966 is a critical (CVSS 9.8), unauthenticated remote code execution flaw in roughly two dozen Zoho ManageEngine on-premise products caused by their bundled Apache Santuario xmlsec (XML Security for Java) 1.4.1 library, in which the XSLT features leave security protections to the application and ManageEngine did not provide them. An attacker triggers the flaw by sending a crafted SAML response containing a malicious XSLT transform to the SAML single sign-on (SSO) endpoint; exploitation is only possible if SAML SSO has ever been configured for the product (for some products, SAML SSO must be currently active). Successful exploitation yields arbitrary code execution in the context of the affected ManageEngine application, typically full compromise of the server and a foothold into the wider enterprise network. Any organization running an affected product version with SAML SSO enabled is affected, with internet-exposed ITSM/identity-management servers the most likely targets. Exploitation is confirmed in the wild: the flaw is in CISA KEV with known ransomware use, Rapid7 reported broad attacker interest, North Korea's Lazarus Group used it to deploy QuiteRAT, and Iranian government-backed actors have targeted U.S. energy and transit-sector organizations. Do: Apply vendor updates immediately, upgrading each installed product to at least the fixed version listed (e.g., ServiceDesk Plus 14004+, ADSelfService Plus 6211+, Endpoint Central/Endpoint Central MSP 10.1.2228.11+, Password Manager Pro 12124+, ServiceDesk Plus MSP 13001+, ADAudit Plus 7081+, ADManager Plus 7162+, AD360 4310+); this is a CISA KEV required action. As an interim mitigation, disable or restrict SAML SSO (or limit access to the product's SSO endpoints), since SAML SSO must have been configured for exploitation. Prioritize patching internet-exposed instances and review those servers for signs of compromise, given documented use by Lazarus Group, ransomware operators, and Iranian nation-state actors. | 9.8 | 100% | KEV ransomware PoC ×6 |
| largetens of thousands of installations plausibly affected (thousands of instances internet-exposed), out of ManageEngine's very large on-prem install base |
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The North Korea-linked Lazarus group exploits a critical flaw in Zoho ManageEngine ServiceDesk Plus to deliver the QuiteRAT malware.
The North Korea-linked APT group Lazarus has been exploiting a critical vulnerability, tracked as CVE-2022-47966, in Zoho’s ManageEngine ServiceDesk in attacks aimed at the Internet backbone infrastructure provider and healthcare organizations.
The state-sponsored hackers targeted entities in Europe and the United States, threat actors began exploiting the flaw just days after PoC exploits were publicly disclosed. The APT group exploited the flaw to deploy a newer piece of malware tracked as QuiteRAT. The security researchers first spotted this implant in February.
QuiteRAT supports the same capabilities as Lazarus Group’s MagicRAT malware, but experts pointed out that its file size is significantly smaller. Both implants are written using the Qt framework and support remote command execution.
The use of the Qt framework makes it harder to analyze the malware’s code and detect these threats.
“In early 2023, we observed Lazarus Group successfully compromise an internet backbone infrastructure provider in Europe to successfully deploy QuiteRAT. The actors exploited a vulnerable ManageEngine ServiceDesk instance to gain initial access.” reads the report published by Talos researchers. “The successful exploitation triggered the immediate download and execution of a malicious binary via the Java runtime process.”
The Lazarus Group uses the cURL command to deploy the QuiteRAT binary from a malicious URL.
Once the binary has been downloaded, the QuiteRAT binary is executed by the Java process and the implant on the infected server is activated. Once the implant starts it sends out preliminary system information to its C2 and waits for commands to execute.
The researchers also discovered the Lazarus Group APT using a new malware called “CollectionRAT.”
CollectionRAT is a remote access trojan (RAT) that can run arbitrary commands on an infected system. The researchers linked CollectionRAT to Jupiter/EarlyRAT, a malware used by the Andariel APT, which is a subgroup of the Lazarus Group.
The researchers noticed that Lazarus Group is changing its tactics, increasingly relying on open-source tools and frameworks (i.e. open-source DeimosC2 framework) in the initial access phase, as opposed to strictly employing them in the post-compromise phase.
“Another open-source tool we observed Lazarus Group using is the reverse tunneling tool PuTTY Link (Plink). In the past, we’ve observed Lazarus Group use Plink to establish remote tunnel” continues the report.
Talos reported that Lazarus APT continues to use much of the same infrastructure and adopts the same tactics, techniques and procedures (TTPs), despite many of which are publicly known. The CollectionRAT malware was discovered by tracking and analyzing these reused infrastructure components.
The researchers published IOCs for this recent attack on their Github repository.
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(SecurityAffairs – hacking, Lazarus APT)
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